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All Journal MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Teras Jurnal Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Civil Engineering Dimension Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik Sipil Media Ilmiah Teknik Sipil Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Jurnal Teknik Sipil

Mahmud Kori Effendi

Universitas Janabadra

Author-ID : 581287

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Environmental Science Transportation

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PERBANDINGAN RESPONS SPEKTRUM TANAH HIPOTESA DENGAN RESPON SPEKTRUM RSNI 03-1726-201X KOTA SEMARANG Effendi, Mahmud Kori
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 13, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v13i2.7067

Nonlinear response analysis of soil in Semarang city is needed currently. There is change in earthquake map in Indonesian Building code from Earthquake with 500 years return period to 2500 years return period. The earthquake records in Indonesia are rare. In this paper Taft earthquake record is used. The calculation of nonlinear response of soil properties was done by finite difference analysis. Viscoelastic, elastoplastic constitutive relations are introduced and the need for using hyperbolic models are mentioned here, nonlinearity is treated by selecting strain compatible soil properties such as shear stiffness and viscous coefficient. Stepwise material properties are taken as the instantaneous slope and assumed to be constant within the given time interval. Case study is hypothesized site in Erdik (1982). The nonlinear analysis is compared with RSNI 03-1726-201X response spectrum for Semarang city. From graphic shown that for period less than 1 sec the response is below of the RSNI 03-1726-201X but for period more than 1 sec the response is more than of RSNI 03-1726-201X.Analisis respon nonlinear tanah pada kota Semarang saat ini sangat diperlukan. Perubahan peta gempa di peraturan bangunan Indonesia dari peta gempa dengan kala ulang 500 tahun menjadi 2500 tahun mengakibatkan terjadi perubahan pada bentuk respon spektrum. Data rekaman gempa bumi di Indonesia sangat sulit didapatkan. Pada tulisan ini dipakai rekaman dari gempa bumi Taft.Perhitungan respon dinamis nonlinier tanah ditunjukkan dengan menggunakan formulasi beda hingga. Viskoelastik, hubungan konstitutif elastoplastic diperkenalkan dan penggunaan model hiperbolik disebutkan di sini, nonlinier diperlakukan dengan memilih sifat regangan tanah yang kompatibel seperti kekakuan geser dan koefisien kekentalan. Sifat material tahap demi tahap diambil sebagai kemiringan seketika dan diasumsikan konstan dalam interval waktu tertentu. Untuk studi kasus ini parameter tanah menggunakan data dari Erdik (1982). Hasil dari analisis nonlinear tanah dibandingkan dengan respon spectrum dari RSNI 03-1726-201X untuk kota Semarang. Pada grafik terlihat bahwa respon spectrum analisis terletak dibawah dari grafik respon spectrum RSNI 03-1726-201X. Tetapi pada periode lebih besar dari 1 detik terletak diatas respon spectrum RSNI 03-1726-201X.

Seismic Behavior of Tunnel Form Building under Lateral Cyclic Loading Nor Hayati Abdul Hamid; Shamilah Anuar; Haryati Awang; Mahmud Kori Effendi
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 50 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2018.50.2.5

A three-story single-unit tunnel form building (TFB) was designed using a non-seismic code of practice (BS 8110). Two one-third scale test models were constructed and tested under in-plane lateral cyclic loading and out-of-plane lateral cyclic loading, respectively. The specimens were tested at ±0.01%, ±0.1%, ±0.25%, ±0.5%, ±0.75%, ±1.0%, ±1.25%, ±1.5%, ±1.75% ±1.8, ±1.9% and ±2% drifts, after which severe cracks were observed on the wall-slab joints and wall panels. Subsequently, the damaged specimens were repaired and retrofitted by wrapping carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) around the damaged walls and affixing steel plates and steel angles at the wall-slab joints using several different repair and retrofitting schemes. The repaired specimens were retested using the same drifts. The comparison of the seismic behavior between unrepaired and repaired specimens was made based on visual observation of damage, hysteresis loops, lateral strength capacity, stiffness, ductility, and equivalent viscous damping. The experimental results showed that the repaired specimens were improved in terms of damage, lateral strength capacity, stiffness, ductility, and equivalent viscous damping. It is recommended to strengthen and rehabilitate tunnel form buildings after an earthquake using CFRP, additional shear walls, steel plates and steel angles.

Pengaruh Model Analisa Elemen Hingga dan Sifat Material Terhadap Perilaku Struktural Tabung Baja Persegi Diisi Beton Mahmud Kori Effendi
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik Sipil Vol 19, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Infrastruktur Sipil Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya

The composite material steel tubes filled with concrete (concrete filled steel tubes, CFST) are becoming widely recommended in modern structural projects. This material is made of steel tubes filled with concrete. This CFST structure has better ductility than the conventional structure. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of CFST beam is performed by using both the nonlinear material properties of steel and concrete and by nonlinear geometry properties of beam. The contact analysis between tip loading and the beam is also considered. The results of the finite element analysis are then compared with experimental results of square steel tubes filled with concrete. The load-deflection and the collapse of the analysis results show similar to the experimental results. However, buckling phenomena cannot be modelled in the finite element analysis. The effect of half and a quarter beam model are studied and the results of the analysis similar to the results of full-scale analysis. The comparison between linear material properties and non-linear material properties are also studied. The linear material analysis result shows a linear response of load-displacement relationship and no collapse mode occurred in the mid span. Abstrak Material komposit tabung baja diisi dengan beton (concrete filled steel tubes, CFST) menjadi banyak direkomendasikan dalam proyek struktural modern. Bahan ini terbuat dari tabung baja yang diisi dengan beton. Struktur CFST ini memiliki daktilitas yang lebih baik daripada struktur konvensional. Analisis elemen hingga tiga dimensi balok CFST dilakukan dengan menggunakan sifat material nonlinear baja dan beton dan juga sifat geometri nonlinear balok. Kontak analisis antara ujung beban dan balok juga dipertimbangkan. Hasil analisis elemen hingga kemudian dibandingkan dengan hasil eksperimen balok tabung baja persegi yang diisi dengan beton. Beban-lendutan dan keruntuhan hasil analisis menunjukkan hasil yang mirip dengan eksperimen. Namun, fenomena tekuk tidak dapat dimodelkan dalam analisis elemen hingga. Efek model seperempat penampang dan atau setengah bentang dipelajari dan hasil analisisnya mirip dengan hasil analisis skala penuh. Perbandingan antara sifat material linear dan sifat material non-linear juga dipelajari. Hasil analisis material linier menunjukkan respons linear dari hubungan beban-perpindahan dan tidak ada mode kehancuran yang terjadi di rentang tengah.

Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of Flexural Reinforced Concrete Beam using Embedded Reinforcement Modeling Mahmud Kori Effendi
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.55960

Reinforced concrete is one of the most widely used building materials in Indonesia due to its workability, easiness, and reasonable price. Meanwhile, it is very important to understand the response of these elements during the loading process to ensure the development of an effective structure and one of the most effective numerical methods for reinforced concrete elements is the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). This study was, therefore, conducted to investigate the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beam using a nonlinear finite element analysis through the application of the MSC MARC/MENTAT software program. This involved the use of a solid element to represent concrete while the truss bar was applied for reinforcing steel after which multi-linear and bilinear models were considered for the two elements respectively while embedded reinforcement model was applied to model the rebar. Moreover, the beam model was also studied and compared with experimental data from previous literature. The result showed the load-deflection to have significantly increased due to an increment in the steel reinforcement yield strength. The same was also observed for the concrete compressive strength while a decrease was recorded in deflection due to the reduction in the compressive strength because the strain was reaching the crushing value. Furthermore, the concrete tension model was found to be the same with the experimental results with the tensile strength observed to have lost its strength after reaching the tensile stress while the contact behavior of the modeled reinforced concrete beam showed the existence of a slip at the support and loading points.

Kajian Parametrik Balok Beton Memadat Mandiri Menggunakan Analisis Nonlinier Elemen Hingga Mahmud Kori Effendi; Novi Rahmayanti; Ilman Fathurahman
MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL Volume 27, Nomor 2, DESEMBER 2021
Publisher : Department of Civil Engineering, Diponegoro University

Self-compacting concrete has self-flowing, viscous and compact properties that minimize mechanical compaction. This concrete is suitable for solving the concrete pouring in the narrow and congested reinforcement. Beams made of both self-compacting concrete and normal high-strength concrete are analyzed by MSC Marc / Mentat software. Steel is modeled by being embedded in concrete. The failure criterion of Linear Mohr-Coulomb is used for concrete and Von Mises for reinforcing steel, respectively. Concrete and the plate support are modelled by 3D solid elements. For the steel, the truss element is used. The contact analysis is implemented between beam and both steel plate and steel supports. The load-deflection curve for both concrete are almost the same as the results of the experimental curve. The results of the contact analysis also showed that there were contact and separation in the contact area. The shear retention factor value close to one meaning will restrain greater loads. The results of the study on the reinforcement ratio also showed a reduction of 70% and an increase of 70% when using minimum and maximum reinforcement, respectively. The larger concrete cover also reduces the load that the beams can restrain.

Parametric Study of the Effect of Diameter-to-Thickness Ratio Against Bending and Shear Load on the Behavior of Round Hollow Structural Section Beam Kori Effendi, Mahmud; Yulianto, Hariadi
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 10 No. 1 (January 2024)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.7135

The steel-constructed buildings in Indonesia are on the rise, indicating a growing preference for their durability and versatility in construction projects. This led to the general application of Round Hollow Structural Section (Round HSS) as column and beam elements. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct parametric analysis of the effect of Diameter-to-Thickness Ratio (D t-1) on the three-point and four-point flexural analysis of Round HSS beam using MSC Marc/Mentat software. Nonlinear materials and geometries were employed, along with the application of contact analysis, with contacted and contacting bodies. Moreover, the load and boundary condition were set to be similar to the experiment. The results showed that a greater D t-1 led to the possibility of withholding a smaller load and causing smaller displacement in Group A with fixed diameter and different thickness values. Meanwhile, in Group B with fixed thickness but different diameters, a greater D t-1 led to the potential of restraining more load and experiencing smaller displacement. All specimens from both groups were observed to have failed due to a combination of global and local buckling at the right location under the load applied. AISC bending moment calculated was found to be greater than the values obtained from the finite element analysis for all sections under three-point loads. It was also discovered in the four-point flexural analysis that the bending moment of noncompact section was greater than for AISC while those for the compact section were lower. Furthermore, shear strength (Vn) calculated was observed to be greater thanshear force from finite element analysis (Pmax/2).

Nonlinear Finite Analysis of Structural Behavior of Brick Masonry-Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames Kori Effendi, Mahmud; Hardawati, Astriana; Masjuki, Siti Aliyyah
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 11 No. 2 (May 2025)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.14966

Earthquake disasters are one source of disaster that often causes buildings to experience total collapse or partial damage so that the structure may no longer be usable. Brick masonry wall construction, both unreinforced and reinforced masonry walls, is starting to be widely used in the world. To study and interpret the behavior of brick walls under various loads, the numerical modeling approach offers a cheaper way to understand the structural response accurately compared to experimental approaches which require greater costs. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of masonry walls was performed using MSC. Marc/Mentat software to verify the analysis results with experimental results on brick masonry walls with concrete frame constraints. For brick walls, concrete frames are modeled with 3D solid elements, while reinforcing steel uses 3D truss elements. The strain stress is multi-linear for concrete and bi-linear for reinforcing steel. The modified Kent–Parker model was used to model the multi-linear stress-strain of the macro element of a brick wall. The Linear Mohr-Coulomb plasticity and the flow plasticity of the isotropic hardening rule were used for concrete and brick walls. Contact analysis was carried out between both concrete beams and concrete columns with walls. The loading was applied in the plane with the force control. The result of the analysis shows that the deformed shape of the brick wall is different from the experimental results because of the complexity of contact analysis and the macro element modeling of brick elements. The contact that occurs shows that there is no separation between the brick wall and the concrete frame. Based on the results of finite element analysis, the initial stiffness is the same between the finite element analysis result and the experimental result.

Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Flexural Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Sengon Slender Beam Mahmud Kori Effendi; Ali Awaludin
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 2 (2022): SEPTEMBER 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) is one of the engineered wood products consisting of wood veneers that are glued and pressed together. In this study, the behavior of LVL Sengon slender beam is numerically investigated by means of nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA), where only half of the experimental beam was modeled due to symmetry of the load configuration. The LVL Sengon wood material used Hill failure criterion with isotropic hardening rules, and its mechanical properties in both tension and compression are modelled according to its mechanical properties in tension obtained from the clear specimen test. The contact analysis is defined for each contacting and contacted elements. The FEA results well agreed with the experimental results in term of the load-deflection curve and failure mode of the beam. It is found that the lateral support has no effect on the stiffness of the beam. The beam stiffness and ultimate load increase by the increase of beam height-to-width ratio (?/?).

The Axial Compression Capacity of Finger-Jointed Laminated Board Made from Rubber Wood Species Awaludin, Ali; Sulhan, Muhammad Afif; Effendi, Mahmud Kori; Hassan, Rohana
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 27 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.27.2.113-122

The utilisation of Rubberwood was an effort to provide an alternative to low-cost housing in Indonesia. This study investigated the use of Rubberwood Finger-Jointed Laminated Board (FJLB) under compression loading parallel to the grain. The investigation included laboratory experiments and numerical analysis. The experiments were conducted using two specimens of FJLB members, each with a length of 2000 mm and a cross-sectional dimension of 100 mm × 100 mm². Finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to predict the axial capacity, considering non-linearity, contact boundary conditions, and buckling analysis of the material. The study found an average axial capacity of 150.9 kN for the two specimens, which was 3.2% higher than the FEA and 5.4% higher compared to the Euler formula. Laboratory measurements revealed that initially, the stress distribution in the cross-section was uniform, then suddenly changed to a combination of tension and compression during the final loading stage.

ANALISIS MODEL FIBER BALOK BETON MEMADAT MANDIRI Effendi, Mahmud Kori; Rahmayanti, Novi Rahmayanti
JURNAL TEKNIK SIPIL Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Volume 10 Nomor 2 November 2021
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jts.v10i2.20772

Indonesia terletak di kawasan Cincin Api Pasifik (Ring of Fire) dimana wilayah disekitar kawasan tersebut sering terjadi gempa bumi dan letusan gunung berapi. Di selatan Yogyakarta terdapat zona subduksi yaitu lempeng Benua Sundaland dan Lempeng Hindia/Australia saling bertabrakan sehingga salah satu lempeng menunjang di bawah lempeng lainnya. Aspek utama dalam desain bangunan beton bertulang adalah menerapkan sistem strong column weak beam dimana keruntuhan berangsur-angsur dari balok atau pelat ke kolom. Salah satu analisis nonlinier balok beton bertulang memakai sendi plastis fiber. Balok beton memadat sendiri dengan tumpuan sendi-rol dibandingkan antara eksperimen dengan analisis dengan model fiber. Balok beton dibagi vertikal dan horisontal sekecil mungkin. Model beton dan model baja tulangan dimodelkan dengan model nonlinier. Hasil analisis menghasilkan kurva beban-lendutan bagian elastik yang sama. Setelah elastik terlampaui, terjadi perbedaan kurva beban-lendutan antara eksperimen dan hasil analisis model fiber, tetapi beban ultimitnya lebih besar dari beban ulitimit ACI. Kurva tegangan-regangan baja tulangan tarik sudah mencapai kondisi nonlinier akan tetapi kurva tegangan-regangan baja tulangan tekan belum mencapai kondisi nonlinier. Kurva tegangan-regangan beton pada kondisi tekan mencapai kondisi nonlinier.

Co-Authors Abdul Hamid, Nor Hayati Ali Awaludin Ali Awaludin Anuar, Shamilah Arie Taveriyanto, Arie Artha, F. Dona Awang, Haryati Diana, Nur Ayu Hardawati, Astriana Haryati Awang Hassan, Rohana Henry Apriyatno Ilman Fathurahman Masjuki, Siti Aliyyah Nor Hayati Abdul Hamid Novi Rahmayanti Novi Rahmayanti Rahmayanti Rahmayanti, Novi Rahmayanti, Novi Rahmayanti Shamilah Anuar Sulhan, Muhammad Afif Susilawati, Herlina Yasir, Ahmad Yasir, Ahmad Yulianto, Hariadi

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