Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
3.451
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry PENA SAINS Jurnal Abdimas Ilmiah Citra Bakti (JAICB) Indonesian Journal of Natural Science Education Jurnal Edukasi Pengabdian Masyarakat: EDUABDIMAS Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Elfred Rinaldo Kasimo
Universitas Kadiri
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences

Published : 25 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 25 Documents
Search

 1   2   3 
In Vitro Assessment of the Antibacterial Activity of Sapindus rarak (Lerak) and Its Influence on Cellular Immune Markers During Escherichia coli Infection Lisa Savitri; Kharisul Ihsan; Elfred Rinaldo Kasimo; Rochmad Krissanjaya
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.209-213

Abstract

Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli remains a major public health concern, prompting interest in plant-derived compounds with both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory functions. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of Sapindus rarak (lerak) extract and its influence on macrophage cytokine responses during E. coli stimulation. Lerak pericarp extract was prepared using 70% ethanol and tested against E. coli ATCC 25922 using broth microdilution. Immunomodulatory effects were assessed in RAW 264.7 macrophages exposed to heat-killed E. coli, followed by treatment with sub-MIC concentrations of the extract. The results showed moderate antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 250 microgram/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 500 microgram/mL. Cell viability exceeded 90% at 50–100 microgram/mL, confirming suitability for immunological assays. Lerak significantly reduced TNF-alpha and IL-6 production while increasing IL-10 levels, indicating suppression of excessive inflammation and enhancement of regulatory responses. These findings suggest that S. rarak possesses dual antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties, highlighting its potential as a complementary therapeutic candidate for managing E. coli infections where inflammation contributes to disease severity.
IMMUNOLOGY OF INFECTION: MECHANISM OF IMMUNE RESPONSE AND IMPLICATION FOR THERAPEUTIC Lisa Savitri; Elfred Rinaldo Kasimo; Rochmad Krissanjaya
JURNAL PENA SAINS Vol 13, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Pena Sains
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan IPA, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/jps.v13i1.29979

Abstract

Infectious diseases, caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, continue to represent a significant global health challenge. The immune system plays a pivotal role in recognizing and eliminating these pathogens, but pathogens have evolved various mechanisms to evade immune responses, resulting in chronic infections and disease progression. This review aims to explore the mechanisms of immune responses to infections, focusing on innate and adaptive immune cells, pathogen recognition, and immune evasion strategies. The review also discusses the therapeutic implications of these findings, highlighting potential targets for developing new treatments. The innate immune response, which includes pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), serves as the first line of defense. In contrast, the adaptive immune response involves T cells and B cells recognizing specific antigens on pathogens. Despite the immune system's defense mechanisms, pathogens can evade immune detection through antigenic variation and suppression of immune functions. Recent research has provided new insights into immune modulation and therapeutic targets, such as enhancing the innate immune response and targeting specific immune cell subsets. Vaccines remain a critical strategy for preventing infectious diseases. Continued advancements in immunology are crucial for developing more effective interventions to control and treat infectious diseases.
Anticancer Immunomodulatory Activity of Male Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya L.) Through PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway Modulation: An In Silico and In Vitro Study Lisa Savitri; Kharisul Ihsan; Elfred Rinaldo Kasimo; Rochmad Krissanjaya
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1255-1263

Abstract

Cancer immunotherapy targeting the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway has shown remarkable clinical success; however, high costs and immune-related adverse effects remain major challenges. Natural products with immunomodulatory properties offer a promising alternative approach. Male papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) are traditionally used in herbal medicine, yet their potential role in immune checkpoint modulation remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer immunomodulatory activity of male papaya leaf extract through PD-1/PD-L1 pathway modulation using integrated in silico and in vitro approaches. Molecular docking analysis was performed to evaluate the interaction between major phytochemical compounds and PD-1/PD-L1 proteins. In vitro cytotoxic activity was assessed using the MTT assay on cancer cell lines, while immunomodulatory effects were evaluated by measuring interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels using ELISA. PD-L1 protein expression in treated cancer cells was analyzed by Western blotting. The docking results demonstrated strong binding affinities of flavonoid compounds, particularly quercetin, toward PD-L1, involving key residues at the active binding site. The extract exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic effects with moderate IC50 values. Treatment with male papaya leaf extract significantly increased IFN-gamma and IL-2 secretion in immune cells and markedly downregulated PD-L1 protein expression in cancer cells. In conclusion, male papaya leaf extract exhibits promising anticancer immunomodulatory activity by modulating the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway. These findings highlight the potential of male papaya leaves as a natural source of immune checkpoint modulators and support further investigation for their development as complementary agents in cancer immunotherapy.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Male Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya L.) on Interferon-gamma and Interleukin-6 Levels in an In Vivo Viral Infection Model Lisa Savitri; Kharisul Ihsan; Elfred Rinaldo Kasimo; Rochmad Krissanjaya
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1139-1143

Abstract

Viral infections pose a significant challenge to global health due to their ability to disrupt immune homeostasis and trigger excessive inflammatory responses. Immunomodulatory agents that enhance antiviral immunity while controlling inflammation are therefore essential. This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of male papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L.) on Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in an in vivo viral infection model. Male papaya leaves were extracted using 70% ethanol and administered orally to virus-infected Wistar rats at two different doses for 14 days. Serum levels of IFN-gamma and IL-6 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results demonstrated that viral infection significantly decreased IFN-gamma levels and increased IL-6 levels compared to the normal control. Treatment with male papaya leaf extract resulted in a dose-dependent increase in IFN-gamma and a significant reduction in IL-6 levels compared to the negative control group. The high-dose extract group showed the most pronounced immunomodulatory effect, comparable to or exceeding that of the positive control. These findings indicate that male papaya leaf extract has potential as a natural immunomodulatory agent by enhancing antiviral immune responses and suppressing excessive inflammation. Further studies are recommended to explore its molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications.
EDUKASI OBESITAS SEBAGAI UPAYA PREVENTIF PENYAKIT METABOLIK PADA USIA PRODUKTIF DI DESA POJOK KEDIRI Dita Apriana Dwi Astuti; Aprilia Anjarwati; Rochmad Krissanjaya; Saiful Muttaqin; Elfred Rinaldo Kasimo
Jurnal Edukasi Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 5 No 3 (2026): JULI 2026
Publisher : FIP UNIRA MALANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36636/eduabdimas.v5i3.9648

Abstract

Obesity is one of the major risk factors for metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease, particularly among the productive-age population. The increasing prevalence of obesity in the community indicates the need for promotive and preventive efforts through health education. This Community Service Program aimed to improve the knowledge and awareness of productive-age individuals regarding obesity as a risk factor for metabolic diseases and to encourage the adoption of healthy lifestyles in Pojok Village, Kediri. The program was conducted through health counseling, interactive discussions, and anthropometric assessments, including measurements of body weight, height, and Body Mass Index (BMI) calculation among 47 participants. The results showed that the majority of participants were female (72.3%). Based on BMI classification, 31 participants (65.96%) were categorized as obese, 11 participants (23.40%) as overweight, and only 5 participants (10.64%) had normal BMI status. These findings indicate a high risk of metabolic disorders among the productive-age population in the intervention area. The educational activities received positive responses and improved participants’ understanding of the importance of balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, and routine body weight monitoring. In conclusion, obesity education through the Community Service Program was effective as an initial preventive strategy to improve public health literacy and reduce the risk of metabolic diseases.
Co-Authors Aprilia Anjarwati Cornelia Amanda Dita Apriana Dwi Astuti Fendy Prasetyawan Kharisul Ihsan Konradus Klala Mebung Lisa Savitri Mochamad Hanif Hilmi Novirma Yanti Rochmad Krissanjaya Saiful Muttaqin Yuneka Saristiana