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Validasi Marker Infeksi Dini Ganoderma pada Kelapa Sawit di Tiga Lokasi Endemik Ganoderma Galuh Wening Permatasari; Mayumi Puspita; Irma Kresnawaty; Agustin Sri Mulyatni; Deden Dewantara Eris; Happy Widiastuti; Kuwat Triyana; Priyono Priyono
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 31 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v31i1.195

A serious disease that affects the viability of the oil palm industry is basal stem rot, which is caused by Ganoderma. The current level of disease can be viewed as unmanageable, given that the palms were growing in an unfavorable or unsuitable climate. Today, there are numerous approaches to diagnose diseases early, and one of them using molecular methods. Seven genes for early infection markers were effectively generated by a reference's transcriptome study, including LEUCO, ETHYLENE, CHALCONE, ANTHOCYANIDIN, ETHYLENE, MANNOSE, and SENESCENCE. The purpose of this study is to validate and confirm the presence of Ganoderma infections in three endemic oil palm field in Indonesia i.e. Cisalak Baru, Rejosari, and Bekri plantation. This study conducted real time qPCR of RNA from oil palm roots with four different severities of infection. Manual processing of RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis were carried out, to provide quantification expression level. In addition, gene ontology (GO) analysis was also performed in order to explain the roles of each gene tested. The results revealed that CHALCONE is the only marker that consistently elucidate the Ganoderma's early infection appear in three locations. The drawbacks of the analysis results are tightly correlating to the age of oil palm as well as endemic location. GO results declare that seven genes function related to the response of infection. This work was successful in confirming early infection in three places, elucidating the variables influencing the efficacy and sensitivity of molecular detection, and revealing the function and importance of particular genes for detection.

Sterilization method of contaminated oil palm plantlets affects the survival rate during acclimatization Masna Maya Sinta; Lailia Zubaidah; Rizka Tamania Saptari; Imron Riyadi; Galuh Wening Permatasari; Riza Arief Putranto; Annisa A Aksa; Larasati D Mahardhika; Yuli Setiawati; Hayati Minarsih; Ernayunita Ernayunita
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 91 No. 2 (2023): 91 (2), 2023
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v91i2.551

Contamination in the in vitro culture is a critical problem causing the failure of seed production. Contamination in the oil palm plantlet is detrimental, considering that oil palm propagation is difficult and takes a long time. This research aimed to study the effect of sterilization during acclimatization of the contaminated oil palm plantlets by fungi on viability and to determine the optimum viability achieved from the contaminated materials. The materials used were contaminated plantlets of oil palm with roots, four leaves, and a height of about 17 cm. The plantlets were removed from the tube and cleaned with running tap water, then were sterilized, with treatments P1: soaking in benomyl-mancozeb-sodium hypochlorite and mannitol and rinsing with aquadest, P2: soaking in benomyl-mancozeb, P3: soaking in mancozeb. Cleaning plantlets under running tap water was carried out as a control treatment. The results showed that at 10 weeks after acclimatization, the survival rate of plantlets in each treatment (P1, P2, and P3) was significantly higher than that of the control. Sterilization methods affect the time new leaves emerge, leaf condition after sterilization treatment, and shoot height. The lowest fungal contamination after treatments was found in P2, followed by P3. After 3 months, plantlet survival rate decreased, with the highest survival rate in treatment P3 (32.3%) followed by treatment P2 (22.5%). In conclusion, acclimatization of contaminated oil palm plantlets can be carried out using a suitable sterilization treatment. Sterilization affects the survival rate and growth of in vitro-contaminated oil palm plantlets during acclimatization.

Soil fungal diversity profile of the sugarcane plantations in Lampung and South Sumatra, Indonesia Muhammad Abdul Aziz; Donny Nugroho Kalbuadi; Galuh Wening Permatasari; Happy Widiastuti
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol. 94 No. 1 (2026): 94(1), 2026
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v94i1.707

As a high-value commodity, sugarcane harvesting areas in Indonesia have been declining year after year. Metagenomic studies on sugarcane plantation land are expected to provide an overview of land suitability for sustainable sugarcane production. This study investigated soil fungal communities in two sugarcane plantations, Bunga Mayang (BUMA) and Cinta Manis (CIMA), in Lampung and South Sumatra, respectively, using high-throughput ITS1 gene sequencing. Chemical and biological analyses were conducted on soils with depths of 0-20 cm and 20- 40 cm on plant cane (PC) and ratoon cane (RC) categories. The results showed that plantation land in South Sumatra (CIMA) had higher organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations than in Lampung (BUMA). However, in several other parameters, such as P2O5, K2O, and microbial population, the BUMA farm has higher values with lower pH. Metagenomic analysis revealed the differences in microbial dominance between the plantation areas. Sugarcane fields in Lampung were dominated by the genus Protrudomyces, Coralloidiomyces, and Spizellomyces, while South Sumatra was dominated by the genus Lichtheimia, Phyctochytrium, and Spizellomyces. In the RC category, Lichtheimia corymbifera is the most dominant species in both the BUMA (RC-B) and CIMA (RC-C) plantations. However, in the PC category, BUMA (PC-B) is dominated by Protrudomyces lateralis, meanwhile CIMA (PC-C) is dominated by Phlyctochytrium californicum. The alpha diversity values of the two areas did not significantly different, with low Trichoderma populations. Thus, sugarcane fields in the two locations differ in microbial composition, which is thought to be influenced by different technical cultures and environmental conditions.

Validasi Marker Infeksi Dini Ganoderma pada Kelapa Sawit di Tiga Lokasi Endemik Ganoderma Galuh Wening Permatasari; Mayumi Puspita; Irma Kresnawaty; Agustin Sri Mulyatni; Deden Dewantara Eris; Happy Widiastuti; Kuwat Triyana; Priyono Priyono
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 31 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v31i1.195

A serious disease that affects the viability of the oil palm industry is basal stem rot, which is caused by Ganoderma. The current level of disease can be viewed as unmanageable, given that the palms were growing in an unfavorable or unsuitable climate. Today, there are numerous approaches to diagnose diseases early, and one of them using molecular methods. Seven genes for early infection markers were effectively generated by a reference's transcriptome study, including LEUCO, ETHYLENE, CHALCONE, ANTHOCYANIDIN, ETHYLENE, MANNOSE, and SENESCENCE. The purpose of this study is to validate and confirm the presence of Ganoderma infections in three endemic oil palm field in Indonesia i.e. Cisalak Baru, Rejosari, and Bekri plantation. This study conducted real time qPCR of RNA from oil palm roots with four different severities of infection. Manual processing of RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis were carried out, to provide quantification expression level. In addition, gene ontology (GO) analysis was also performed in order to explain the roles of each gene tested. The results revealed that CHALCONE is the only marker that consistently elucidate the Ganoderma's early infection appear in three locations. The drawbacks of the analysis results are tightly correlating to the age of oil palm as well as endemic location. GO results declare that seven genes function related to the response of infection. This work was successful in confirming early infection in three places, elucidating the variables influencing the efficacy and sensitivity of molecular detection, and revealing the function and importance of particular genes for detection.

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