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Varied Impacts of Globalization on Religion in a Contemporary Society Iqbal, Asep Muhamad
Religió: Jurnal Studi Agama-agama Vol 6 No 2 (2016): September
Publisher : Program Studi Studi Agama-Agama, Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Ampel Surabaya

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This article discusses the current situation of religion caused by the forces of globalization by analyzing the developing phenomenon related to religion in contemporary society. It argues that globalization has a mixed impact on religion in ways that lead to the opposing view of secularist scholars that religion will be diminished. Apparently, religion has experienced a revival in many parts of the world, mainly in the form of religious fundamentalism. Problems and challenges posed by globalization, such as the environmental crisis and secular society have provided the opportunity and the power to religion to revitalize itself and to transform themselves into a religion with a new form that has a role and a new identity. Furthermore, globalization may lead to the decline of organized religion in modern society and certain intellectual subculture, but it does not cause the death of religion in private life. This is in line with the emergence of the phenomenon of “believing without belonging”. In short, globalization has helped to transform the religion itself and changed its strategy to address the problems and challenges of globalization to create “world de-secularization”. [Artikel ini membahas keadaan mutakhir agama yang diakibatkan oleh kekuatan-kekuatan globalisasi dengan melakukan analisa atas fenomena yang sedang berkembang terkait agama dalam masyarakat kontemporer. Ia berargumen bahwa globalisasi memiliki dampak yang beragam terhadap agama dengan cara-cara yang justru mengarah kepada kebalikan dari ramalan musnahnya agama sebagaimana dipromosikan oleh para pendukung teori sekularisme. Tampaknya, agama mengalami kebangkitan kembali di berbagai belahan dunia, utamanya dalam bentuk gerakan fundamentalisme agama. Masalah dan tantangan yang diakibatkan oleh globalisasi, seperti krisis lingkungan dan masyarakat sekuler, justru telah memberikan kesempatan dan kekuatan kepada agama untuk merevitalisasi dirinya dan melakukan transformasi diri menjadi agama dengan bentuk baru yang memiliki peranan dan identitas baru. Lebih jauh, globalisasi telah menyebabkan kemunduran agama formal pada masyarakat modern dan subkultur intelektual tertentu, meski tidak sampai menyebabkan kematian agama dalam kehidupan pribadi. Hal ini seiring munculnya fenomena “believing without belonging”. Singkat kata, globalisasi telah membantu agama mentransformasi dirinya dan mengubah strateginya dalam mengatasi berbagai masalah dan tantangan globalisasi sehingga menciptakan “desekularisasi dunia”

Agama dan Adopsi Media Baru: Penggunaan Internet oleh Gerakan Salafisme di Indonesia Iqbal, Asep Muhamad
JURNAL KOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Vol. 2, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Dengan memfokuskan analisisnya atas kasus Salafisme di Indonesia dan internet, tulisan iniberargumen bahwa tidaklah akurat pandangan yang menyatakan adanya ketidaksejalananantara internet dan agama yang sebenarnya lebih didasarkan pada teori sekularisasi yangmenekankan ketidaksepadanan hakiki antara agama dan modernitas. Internet pada kenyataannya menyediakan peluang-peluang baru yang ternyata disambut dengan baik oleh komunitas agama dan dijadikannya bagian dari budayanya sesuai kepentingan dan kebutuhannya. Media baru ini telah memberikan manfaat bagi agama dengan kemampuannya menjadi fasilitas dan alat baru bagi kepentingan agama dan penganutnya. Respon positif agama ini terlihat dalam penggunaan internet oleh Salafis yang dapat dikategorikan dalam empat bentuk penggunaan: ideologis, polemis, kontekstual, dan strategis. Semua bentuk penggunaan internet ini menunjukkan dengan jelas adanya dampak positif internet bagi agama dan kemampuan agama untuk menjadi bagian dari modernitas demi kepentingan dan keperluannya dengan cara mengadopsi dan mengadaptasi produk modernitas seperti internet.

Being Tolerant in Diaspora: Indonesian Islamic Religiosity, Islamism, and Attitude Towards Other Groups Among Indonesian Community in Australia Toyibah, Dzuriyatun; Hidayah, Nur; Ruswandi, Bambang; Mushoffa, Eva; Sajaroh, Wiwi Siti; Iqbal, Asep Muhamad
Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Ma'arif NU (IAIMNU) Metro Lampung in collaboration with Asosiasi Bimbingan dan Konseling Indonesia (ABKIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25217/0020258564000

This study analyzes how the Indonesian Muslim community in Australia coexists with non-Muslim communities and how their religiosity and the tendency of Islamism influence their interactions. An online survey was done to collect data by using a questionnaire involving 106 respondents, all members of religious study groups (pengajian) in Sydney. All items satisfy the criteria of validity with a correlation value greater than 0.3, and the construct is also reliable with α = 0.872, indicating good internal consistency. Analysis was done by means of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with R^2 =22.3%; the study shows that support for both religiosity and Islamism has a significant effect on attitudes toward other groups. Remarkably, Islamism is found to have a negative impact on positive attitudes towards non-Muslims (R1^2=19.15%), fortifying findings from similar research specifying that Islamists frequently oppose pluralism. In addition, the study suggests that performing obligatory rituals, such as Ramadan fasting and daily prayers, does not significantly affect positive attitudes towards non-Muslim groups (R1^2=0.052%). Nonetheless, distinct Islamic religious practices in Indonesia, e.g., yasinan, tahlilan, tasyakkuran, selametan, mawlid an-Nabi (celebrating the Prophet Muhammad’s birthday), and ziyarah, positively and significantly affect positive attitudes towards other communities in Australia (R1^2=3.055%). This reflects the nature of Indonesian Islamic religious practices that promote more tolerant and inclusive religiosity.

Adaptasi Media Sosial oleh Organisasi Keagamaan di Indonesia: Studi Kanal YouTube Nahdlatul Ulama, NU Channel Setia, Paelani; Iqbal, Asep Muhamad
JISPO Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): JISPO Vol 11 No 2 2021
Publisher : Faculty of SociaI and Political Sciences (FISIP), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jispo.v11i2.14572

This article discusses how religious organizations use social media by focusing its analysis on Nahdlatul Ulama and its YouTube channel, NU Channel. Using a qualitative method, this study collected its required data through online observation of NU Channel. This article argues that the assumption that Nahdlatul Ulama is a religious organization that tends to be traditionalist and conservative towards technological developments is incorrect. Nahdlatul Ulama is willing to adopt the internet as a new medium for conveying its religious views. The findings show that Nahdlatul Ulama is adaptive to social media as seen its adoption of YouTube as a new medium of religious studies conducted online on NU Channel. All this show a digital transformation within Nahdlatul Ulamaâ€™ religious studies, which is traditionally identical with pesantren, direct learning method with kiai, and other conventional ways of education and learning.

Tradition Amidst Modernization: The Rise and Fall of the Tradition of Pesta Tebu in Cirebon District, West Java Meliani, Wini; Iqbal, Asep Muhamad
JISPO Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023): JISPO Vol 13 No 1 2023
Publisher : Faculty of SociaI and Political Sciences (FISIP), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jispo.v13i1.20952

This article examines tradition amidst modernization focusing on the rise and fall of the Pesta Tebu tradition and its relationship with the technological advancement of sugar factories in Cirebon district, West Java. Two villages were selected for this study as they represent sites where the Pesta Tebu tradition experienced the rise and fall in the face of modernization. This article uses a comparative method with a qualitative approach and the techniques of non-participant observation and interviews for data collection. Employing the narrative method as a data analysis technique, this study argues that modernization in the form of industrialization of sugar production resulted in the rise and fall of the Pesta Tebu tradition. When the management of the sugar factories renewed the technology of sugar production, the Pesta Tebu tradition survived and continued, but when this was not the case, the Pesta Tebu tradition died out. All this shows that modernization did not destroy tradition, but rather contributed to the rise and survival of tradition within communities. Comparing two cases of the Pesta Tebu tradition, this article contributes to a better understanding of the impact of modernization on tradition in that industrialisation resulted in a varied impact on tradition.

Perceptions and Decision-Making Regarding Childfree Choices Among College Students in Indonesia: A Study at Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Putra, Raafi Herdiansyah; Iqbal, Asep Muhamad; Irwandi, Irwandi
JISPO Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024): JISPO Vol. 14, No. 1, 2024
Publisher : Faculty of SociaI and Political Sciences (FISIP), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jispo.v14i1.35426

This article examines the perceptions and decision-making processes regarding the concept of being childfree (choosing to live without children) among students at Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. This university provides a compelling case for study due to its mission of cultivating mentally, spiritually, and intellectually capable individuals. The emphasis on 'spirituality' highlights the expectation for UIN Bandung students to develop a strong understanding of religion, which influences decision-making, including on social and religious issues such as the childfree phenomenon. This study seeks to explore UIN Bandung studentsâ€™ perceptions of the childfree phenomenon, identify the factors influencing these perceptions, and analyze their decision-making processes regarding childfree choices. Using a descriptive method with a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through surveys and unstructured interviews. The findings reveal that the majority of UIN Bandung students perceive the concept of being childfree negatively. Factors influencing their perceptions include internal factors, such as personality traits (attitudes, interests, and experiences), and external factors, such as societal conditions. The study categorizes student decision-making into three groups: those who perceive childfree negatively and desire to have children, those who perceive childfree positively and choose to remain childfree, and those who perceive childfree positively but still desire to have children.

Being Tolerant in Diaspora: Indonesian Islamic Religiosity, Islamism, and Attitude Towards Other Groups Among Indonesian Community in Australia Toyibah, Dzuriyatun; Hidayah, Nur; Ruswandi, Bambang; Mushoffa, Eva; Sajaroh, Wiwi Siti; Iqbal, Asep Muhamad
Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Ma'arif NU (IAIMNU) Metro Lampung in collaboration with Asosiasi Bimbingan dan Konseling Indonesia (ABKIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25217/0020258564000

This study analyzes how the Indonesian Muslim community in Australia coexists with non-Muslim communities and how their religiosity and the tendency of Islamism influence their interactions. An online survey was done to collect data by using a questionnaire involving 106 respondents, all members of religious study groups (pengajian) in Sydney. All items satisfy the criteria of validity with a correlation value greater than 0.3, and the construct is also reliable with α = 0.872, indicating good internal consistency. Analysis was done by means of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with R^2 =22.3%; the study shows that support for both religiosity and Islamism has a significant effect on attitudes toward other groups. Remarkably, Islamism is found to have a negative impact on positive attitudes towards non-Muslims (R1^2=19.15%), fortifying findings from similar research specifying that Islamists frequently oppose pluralism. In addition, the study suggests that performing obligatory rituals, such as Ramadan fasting and daily prayers, does not significantly affect positive attitudes towards non-Muslim groups (R1^2=0.052%). Nonetheless, distinct Islamic religious practices in Indonesia, e.g., yasinan, tahlilan, tasyakkuran, selametan, mawlid an-Nabi (celebrating the Prophet Muhammad’s birthday), and ziyarah, positively and significantly affect positive attitudes towards other communities in Australia (R1^2=3.055%). This reflects the nature of Indonesian Islamic religious practices that promote more tolerant and inclusive religiosity.

Dinamika Relasi Agama Dan Gerakan Sosial Dalam Konteks Masyarakat Multikultural Anam, Khaerul; Iqbal, Asep Muhamad; Kuswana, Dadang
Cakrawala: Journal of Religious Studies and Global Society Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Yayasan Cendekia Gagayunan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63142/cakrawala.v1i2.32

This research aims to analyze the interaction between religion and social movements in culturally diverse societies. In a multicultural context, religion often serves as a driver or inhibitor for social movements. This research will use a qualitative approach with a literature study method using existing related literature and documents, in the form of books, scientific journals, articles, previous research reports, and other relevant sources. Primary and secondary data sources are obtained from books and scientific journals related to the sociology of religion, social anthropology, and multiculturalism studies. The data analysis technique uses content analysis to identify and analyze the main patterns, themes, or categories of the text or literature studied. The results showed that religion can strengthen group identity and social mobilization, but it can also lead to intergroup conflict. Social movements, both reformist and conservative, often draw inspiration from religious values. In some cases, social movements have been able to create spaces for constructive interfaith dialogue, promoting understanding and tolerance between different groups. Conversely, tensions that arise between religious practices and social values can lead to polarization within society. Therefore, it is important to understand these dynamics in order to create a harmonious and inclusive society. This research contributes to the development of theories of religion and social movement relations, as well as offering practical insights for stakeholders in dealing with multicultural challenges.

Menuju Kampus Ramah Disabilitas Di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan: Kajian dan Pengembangan Model Kebijakan Disabilitas di UIN Bandung Iqbal, Asep Muhamad; Pasqa, M; Nuraini
Jurnal Altifani Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Juli 2025 - Jurnal Altifani Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Indonesian Scientific Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59395/p3mw0h64

Studi ini mengkaji pengembangan dan implementasi kebijakan inklusi disabilitas di UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, sebuah perguruan tinggi berbasis agama di Indonesia. Meskipun terdapat mandat internasional dan jaminan konstitusional, masih terdapat perguruan tinggi kesulitan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip inklusif, dan UIN Bandung tidak terkecuali. Untuk mengatasi kesenjangan ini, kami menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif partisipatif yang menggabungkan wawancara mendalam dan Diskusi Kelompok Terfokus (FGD) dengan pimpinan universitas, dosen, dan mahasiswa penyandang disabilitas. Data dikodekan secara tematis dan divisualisasikan melalui analisis frekuensi kata di NVivo12 Plus, menghasilkan words claud untuk mengungkap tema wacana yang dominan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa "disabilitas", "mahasiswa", dan "kampus" mendominasi narasi pemangku kepentingan, yang mencerminkan fokus institusi yang kuat pada pengalaman mahasiswa. Para peserta menekankan dua pilar inklusi, kerangka kebijakan formal dan layanan pendukung, sementara juga menyoroti hambatan struktural seperti anggaran terbatas, staf terlatih yang tidak memadai, dan aksesibilitas kampus yang tidak merata. Prevalensi istilah seperti "kebijakan", "layanan", “anggaran” dan "tantangan" menggarisbawahi fase transisi di mana komitmen normatif melampaui kapasitas operasional. Berlandaskan teori penetapan agenda dan implementasi, serta prinsip-prinsip Desain Universal untuk Pembelajaran (UDL), kami mensintesis wawasan ini ke dalam matriks kebijakan praktis. Matriks ini merinci tindakan konkret, aktor yang bertanggung jawab, mekanisme implementasi, indikator keberhasilan, dan alokasi sumber daya, sehingga dapat diadaptasi untuk universitas lain. Simpulannya, UIN Bandung harus menyeimbangkan visi normatifnya tentang inklusi dengan investasi yang terarah dalam infrastruktur, pengembangan kapasitas, dan tata kelola partisipatif. Model kami menawarkan peta jalan yang dapat direplikasi untuk lembaga keagamaan maupun sekuler, menjembatani kesenjangan antara tujuan kebijakan dan praktik inklusif.

WHEN RELIGION MEETS THE INTERNET (Cyber-Religion and the Secularization Thesis) Iqbal, Asep Muhamad
Jurnal Komunikasi Islam Vol. 6 No. 1 (2016): June
Publisher : Departement of Islami Comuunication and Broadcasting, Faculty of Da'wah and Communication, State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel (UINSA) Surabaya Indonesia

This article examines the presence of cyber-religion, the worldwide increasing use of the Internet for religious purposes, in which religion is migrating online as its strategies of adaptation and shaping a new environment. It aims to look at the phenomenon of religious migration to virtual world and its possible implications for secularization thesis. The article argues that the massive emergence of online religion serves a (another) counterpoint to the prediction of the end of religion in modern society as proposed by the proponents of secularization theory. It also claims that religious use of the Internet among religion surfers has no significant impacts on the real world organized religions and their religious communal identity.

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