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All Journal Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Journal of Coaching and Sports Science International Martial Arts and Culture Journal.
Wan Ahmad Munsif Wan Pa
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Humanities Education Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Can Virtual Reality Training Effectively Improve Physical Condition and Back-Row Attack in Volleyball? Bujang Bujang; Yusuf Hidayat; Mia Kusumawati; Hasan Basri; Azi Faiz Ridho; Wahidah Tumijan; Wan Ahmad Munsif Wan Pa; Dywa Ikal Mutaqin; Bimo Subagyo
Journal of Coaching and Sports Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Coaching and Sports Science
Publisher : CV. FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/jcss.v4i1.728

Abstract

Background: There is an urgent need to explore innovative training methods that can improve the physical condition and back-row attack performance of junior volleyball players. Despite its great potential, Virtual Reality (VR) is still underutilized in youth sports training.Aims: This study aims to test the effectiveness of VR-based training in improving physical conditioning and back-row attack quality.Method: A quasi-experimental design was employed with 24 junior volleyball athletes aged 14 to 16. The participants underwent VR-based training three times a week for six weeks, with each 45-minute session consisting of a 15-minute warm-up, a 30-minute training session, and a 5-minute cool-down. Measurement tools included vertical jump tests, 20-meter sprints, Illinois agility tests, and structured observations to evaluate physical performance and back-row attack effectiveness. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and multiple linear regression.Result: The results showed significant improvements in vertical jump height (d = −8.18), sprint time (d = 2.42), agility score (d = 3.32), and back row attack (d = −3.32) at p < 0.001. Structured observations revealed improvements in the accuracy, timing, and coordination of back-row attacks. Regression analysis revealed that a better physical condition, particularly in terms of jumping and agility, significantly contributed to improved back-row attack performance (R² = 0.876, p < 0.001).Conclusion: These findings suggest that VR-based training can effectively enhance physical condition and technical performance in back-row attacks, likely due to the immersive simulation environment supporting enhanced motor learning and situational awareness.
Valid and reliable instrument for measuring Malaysian talented students’ social support Tuan Zahrah Tuan Mat; Khairul Farhah Khairuddin; Wan Ahmad Munsif Wan Pa; Nur Choiro Siregar
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 20, No 3: August 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v20i3.22863

Abstract

Social support is an essential protective factor against the risk of talent development failure, especially in the catastrophic situation. This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of social support instruments specifically for talented sports students in Malaysia. Content validity index (CVI), exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and internal consistency are the methods used to ensure that measurement instruments are appropriate for use in local contexts and cultures. A total of 268 form four talented sports students aged 16 years were selected by proportionate stratified random sampling in this study. The study found that the instrument had good content validity, with the items reaching the minimum level of CVI value and exceeding the recommended cut-off point of 0.78. Factor analysis found that the final measurement model has three factors, namely i) family support, ii) friends support, and iii) coach support, with factor loading ranging between 0.49 and 0.89. Correlation matrix was also measured through the KMO and Bartlett test of sphericity. All three factors had internal consistency values of 0.83 for coach support and 0.85 for family and friend support, which was defined good. Future research is warranted to explore the instrument with different samples and measurement in various scenarios.
Beyond Technique: Pedagogy, Culture, and Psychological Readiness in Malaysian University Silat Athletes Mohamad Nizam Nazarudin; Wan Ahmad Munsif Wan Pa
International Martial Arts and Culture Journal Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): International Journal of Martial Arts and Culture
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/imacj78019

Abstract

Perspective. Traditional martial arts are increasingly incorporated into higher education as competitive and co-curricular activities; however, empirical evidence explaining how pedagogical practices influence psychological readiness and performance remains limited, particularly within culturally embedded martial traditions such as silat. Problem. Much of the existing literature prioritises biomechanical or performance-oriented perspectives, offering limited insight into the pedagogical and psychological mechanisms through which training is translated into effective competitive outcomes. This gap risks reducing silat to a culturally neutral sport and overlooks its educational and cultural foundations. Method. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between pedagogical practices, psychological readiness, and competitive performance among Malaysian university silat athletes, with particular attention to the mediating role of psychological readiness and the relative contribution of culturally grounded pedagogy. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was employed involving 312 silat athletes from public universities in Malaysia. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analysed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). Results. The findings indicate that pedagogical practices have a strong, positive relationship with athletes’ psychological readiness, whereas psychological readiness, in turn, significantly predicts competitive performance. Pedagogical practices also demonstrate a weaker but significant direct effect on performance. Mediation analysis confirms that psychological readiness partially mediates the relationship between pedagogy and performance. Conclusions. Among pedagogical dimensions, cultural–philosophical integration emerges as the strongest predictor of psychological readiness. In conclusion, the study provides empirical evidence that pedagogical quality, particularly culturally grounded pedagogy, plays a central role in shaping psychological readiness and enabling consistent competitive performance among university silat athletes. Future research should adopt longitudinal designs, incorporate objective performance indicators, and extend this pedagogical–psychological framework to other traditional martial arts and cultural contexts.
Co-Authors Azi Faiz Ridho Bimo Subagyo Bujang Bujang Dywa Ikal Mutaqin Hasan Basri Khairul Farhah Khairuddin Mia Kusumawati Mohamad Nizam Nazarudin Nur Choiro Siregar Tuan Zahrah Tuan Mat Wahidah Tumijan Yusuf Hidayat