Hendi Pratama
Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

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Journal : English Education Journal

Creation of Humorous Situation By Flouting Conversational Maxims Accompanied By Facial Expression in “Friends” Faiz Maulida; Fahrur Rozi; Hendi Pratama
English Education Journal Vol 12 No 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/eej.v12i1.51956

Abstract

This study focused on analyzing the humorous situation created by flouting conversational maxims that were followed by facial expressions found in situated comedy Friends. The analysis included how humorous situation were generated by flouting conversational maxims and the relationship between humorous situation and facial expressions. The results of the study showed that the humorous situations categorized were generated by flouting Grice maxims in which satire and over/understatement were frequently created by means of the implicature from flouting the conversational maxims. In flouting quality, the characters tended not to employ direct lying to other people as it would influence the perspective of the audience about lying to other people as common things although hidden meanings were provided behind the utterances with joy facial expressions. In flouting quantity, the humorous situation was dominated by the creation of overstatement and understatement which were accompanied mostly by joyous facial expression as in line with the definition of overstatement and understatement. In flouting relation, the humorous situation was dominated by satire accompanied by anger facial expressions and clever replies to serious statement accompanied by joyous facial expressions. In flouting manner, satire and pun humorous situation was mostly generated by anger and contempt facial expression. In addition, there were close relationship between certain humorous situation created by flouting conversational maxims and facial expressions. For further study, it is recommended that the study of humorous situation could explore the other aspect of pragmatics elements such as how humor could be generated through the use of politeness strategies within a conversation.
Evaluating the Use of Discourse Markers in Selected English Education Journal Articles Egi Raputri; Hendi Pratama; Rudi Hartono
English Education Journal Vol 12 No 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/eej.v12i1.52252

Abstract

Considering the important roles of discourse markers in writing academic purposes, the researchers evaluate the use of discourse markers in English Education Journal articles. This research aims to find out the types of discourse markers precisely contrastive, elaborative and inferential discourse markers, and the errors in using those expressions. This research uses a qualitative research design with the data from written language especially the journal articles published by English Education Journal (EEJ). Thus, specifically this research employs content analysis. There were twenty journal articles analyzed. They represented their volume especially there are four volumes in 2020. The findings of this research demonstrated that all of the research data applied those types of discourse markers. The type of elaborative discourse markers were the first type used by the writers. It is the frequently used by the writers in the journal articles. In this case, it used in 890 times. The expression frequently used is and. Meanwhile, the errors in using discourse markers in the journal articles occurred in 17 times. Here, the wrong relation category as the commonly applied in 7 times. These findings inform us to improve our awareness in applying those expressions. Thus, it can be concluded that the discourse markers is required in creating journal articles. Therefore, the writers have to concern regarding to the categories of errors in using discourse markers for avoiding inappropriateness.
Speech Functions and Mood System Realization in the Finalists’ Speeches at Miss Grand International 2020 Tomy Widiyanto; Hendi Pratama; Rahayu Puji Haryanti
English Education Journal Vol 12 No 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/eej.v12i3.60746

Abstract

Today, the idea of communication is as diverse as the goals for learning. Speech is one of presentational information in oral format which can be needs to have the 21st century skill. Language of speech distinguishes grammatical moods. The speeches in the top 10 finalists of Miss Grand International 2020 was chosen to analyze the realization of speech functions and mood system. Non-participatory observation, selecting the media and classifying the subject of the research, and literature review were steps to collect the data. Analysis data was interpreted and reported in qualitative procedures. It was illuminated that the finalist of Malaysia mostly showed offer among other finalists. The finalist of Guatemala delivered mostly the command. The finalist of Indonesia was counted as the most produced statement. The questions were produced mostly by the finalist of Malaysia and the finalist of Argentina. The use of declarative mood was mostly made by the finalist of Malaysia. The polar interrogative was turned by the finalist of Argentina. Moreover, the imperative was mostly produced by the finalist of Czech Republic. Thus, the statement of speech functions was congruent with declarative of mood system. Likewise, command showed the congruency of imperative. Implementing speech in the English classroom can build students’ confidence and interest in enhancing their public speaking skill. Furthermore, the research under topic speech in the pageant can help to analyze someone’s culture from the speech pattern, accents, vocabulary, and dialect. By this way, the research was conducted to be beneficial for learning language development.
Politeness Strategies Used by Trump and El-Sisi in Their Speeches at United Nations Assembly Ummi Ashim Azzahra; Hendi Pratama; Mursid Saleh
English Education Journal Vol 13 No 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/eej.v13i1.68280

Abstract

In this study, the researchers identified ways that politeness strategies are commonly employed in a speech. Specifically, this study aimed at exploring the politeness strategies used by Donald Trump and General El Sisi during their speech at the 75th session of the UN General Assembly. Both the similarities and the differences between Donald Trump’s and General Sisi's use of politeness strategies and sub-strategies in their speeches were investigated. A qualitative research approach was conducted, and the theory of politeness strategies by Brown and Levinson was applied as the analysis framework. The research data was collected from the 57 utterances in Trump's speech and 79 utterances in General Sisi's speech. The analysis results showed that both Trump and El-Sisi applied bald on record, positive, and negative politeness. Specifically, the politeness strategies found in Trump's speech were 10 utterances of bald on record, 53 utterances of positive politeness, 8 utterances of negative politeness, and two utterances of off-record strategy. On the contrary, General Sisi's speech mostly contained negative politeness strategies. It was found that there were 70 utterances of negative politeness, 11 utterances of positive politeness, and 1 utterance of off-record strategy. These various politeness strategies used by Donald Trump and General Sisi could not be separated from their respective social positions, social distances, and cultural backgrounds.
The Violation of Leech’s Politeness Maxims and Interlocutor’s Responses in Enola Holmes 2020 Movie Shofi Anis Fitriana; Hendi Pratama
English Education Journal Vol 13 No 2 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/eej.v13i2.71435

Abstract

The present study aimed at investigating the violation of politeness maxims of Leech (2014) and the interlocutor’s responses in the movie of Enola Holmes 2020. This study focuses on discussing violations of decency according to Leech and illocutionary acts where there is an action in acting an utterance and a response to what is done. The source of the data was taken from the utterances or dialogue spoken by the characters in this film, the method used is the documentation method by observing the film and then making a transcript of the conversation according to the required data then watching the video and reading the script repeatedly. A qualitative descriptive research design was used in this study. In line with that, Leech's theory of politeness maxims (2014) and illocutionary acts (1993) were used to analyze the research data. Based on the analysis, it was found 7 types of maxims, namely generosity maxim, tact maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, obligation O to S maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. Then, the interlocutor’s responses also found 4 types in this movie were Competitive, Convivial, Collaborative and Conflictive, the most appears of violation politeness maxim was Collaborative functions (33,3%), while the most least was Convivial functions (5,5%). There were lots of interlocutor’s reactions by the characters of the movie such as angry, smiling, offended, etc.
The Comparison of Conversational Features Used by Joe Biden and Donald Trump in Political Debate Lina Shofiah; Hendi Pratama; Henrikus Joko Yulianto
English Education Journal Vol 13 No 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/eej.v13i1.71659

Abstract

Conversation analysis is used to identify the use of features in an interaction by considering the institutional settings or situation. Here, political situation is used because of the condition of controlled situation must be different. This study aimed to compare the conversational features used by Joe Biden and Donald Trump in the final presidential election debate of America in 2020. This was a qualitative study using the conversational analysis approach proposed by Schegloff (1974). The data were analyzed based on the conversational features used including turn-taking strategies, adjacency pairs, and repairs. The results found there were some similarities and differences of conversational features used by both candidates. The similarities showed both speakers preferred to use most of all turn-taking strategies, types of first and second-pair parts, and repair strategies. Besides, the differences were found in the number of conversational features used. Donald Trump tent to use more features since he used more turn-taking strategy to take the turn during the debate. In sum, in political setting, people tend to take more turn to share their idea and respond the other. It affects the use of another conversational features including the frequency of using them. Furthermore, the result of comparing using three features in a political situation becomes the novelty of this research since this setting is a rare topic in conversation analysis. This result is also contributed on enriching references of future research using conversation analysis specifically in a political setting.
Off-Record Politeness Strategies and Different Gender’s Characteristics in Woman at Point Zero Novel Gabby Allen Vica; Hendi Pratama; Katharina Rustipa
English Education Journal Vol 13 No 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/eej.v13i1.72196

Abstract

Language is a communication tool which is used to exchange information between the speakers and the hearers according to their particular purposes. The indirect message in communication is called off record politeness; it helps the speakers avoiding responsibility of the hearers’ self image. The purposes of the study are explaining off record politeness strategies based four maxim violation. Then, explaining the characteristics of gender differentiate male and female’s off record politeness strategies. Moreover, explaining the relationship among different off record strategies and the gender. The data in this study is male and female’s utterances cointaining off record politeness. The result shows that male frequently used rthetorical questions and female mostly used metaphors strategies. The frequent male’s characteristic in communication is succint language meanwhile female’s characteristic is storytelling. The result found relationship between gender’s characteristics in the use of off record politeness strategies.