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All Journal International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) Jurnal EECCIS SITEKIN: Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Industri ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer Jurnal ELTIKOM : Jurnal Teknik Elektro, Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING Multitek Indonesia : Jurnal Ilmiah TELKA - Telekomunikasi, Elektronika, Komputasi dan Kontrol Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Borneo Aviation Electronics, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Electricals, Controls (AVITEC) IJITEE (International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Elektrika Borneo JESCEE- Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering Jurnal INFOTEL
Syahfrizal Tahcfulloh
Universitas Borneo Tarakan
Aerospace Engineering Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences Other

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ESTIMASI SUDUT DAN AMPLITUDO DARI ARAH KEDATANGAN SINYAL RADAR MIMO DENGAN APPROXIMATION MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD Ashar, Ashar; Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal
MULTITEK INDONESIA Vol 17, No 2 (2023): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/mtkind.v17i2.4406

Abstract

Abstrak Penentuan jumlah parameter target dari suatu sistem radar sangat ditentukan dari kemampuan estimasi arah kedatangan sinyal target. Hal ini amat bergantung pada tingkat akurasi dan resolusi deteksi arah dari estimasi tersebut terutama untuk target-target yang saling berdekatan. Estimasi arah kedatangan sinyal ini sangat besar dipengaruhi oleh estimasi radar-cross section (RCS) dari target. RCS ini proporsional dengan keberadaan target yang nantinya berimbas pada penentuan jumlah target terdeteksi. Banyak sekali pendekatan untuk mengestimasi hal tersebut pada radar multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) salah satunya approximation maximum likelihood (AML). Makalah ini akan memberikan penurunan formulasi dan evaluasi dari estimasi parameter dengan pendekatan AML untuk sistem radar MIMO yang sekaligus juga membandingkannya dengan radar konvensional seperti phased-array (PA). Untuk menunjukkan keefektifan kinerja dari estimasi AML terhadap radar-radar tersebut maka akan dibandingkan dengan implementasi pendekatan sebelumnya seperti least squares (LS) dalam hal seperti magnitudo dari RCS, jumlah sudut kedatangan yang proporsional dengan jumlah target terdeteksi, dan jumlah elemen antena di transmitter (Tx) dan receiver (Rx) dari sistem radar. Berdasarkan dari hasil evaluasi untuk jumlah elemen antena Tx-Rx dengan 10 elemen, resolusi sudut deteksi untuk estimator AML yang diusulkan pada radar MIMO ternyata unggul dibanding estimator LS dengan resolusi sudut berturut-turut adalah 5,8 dan 2 dalam satuan derajat. Abstract Determining the number of target parameters for a radar system is largely determined by the ability to estimate the direction of arrival of the signal from the target. This is very dependent on the accuracy and detection resolution of the estimated direction of arrival, especially for targets that are close to each other. The estimated direction of arrival of this signal is greatly influenced by the estimated radar-cross section (RCS) of the target. This RCS is proportional to the presence of targets which will have an impact on determining the number of targets detected. There are many approaches to estimate this on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar, one of which has high angular detection resolution is approximation maximum likelihood (AML). This paper will provide a formulation and evaluation of parameter estimation using this approach for MIMO radar systems while also comparing it with conventional radars such as phased-array (PA). To show the effectiveness of the performance of the proposed estimate for these radars, it will be compared with the implementation of previous approaches such as least squares (LS) in terms such as the magnitude of the RCS, the number of angles of arrival proportional to the number of targets detected, and the number of antenna elements in the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) of the radar system. Based on the evaluation results for the number of Tx-Rx antenna elements with 10, the detection angle resolution for the proposed estimator on the MIMO radar turns out to be superior to the LS estimator with an angle resolution of 5.8 and 2 in degrees, respectively. 
Range and Velocity Resolution of Linear- Frequency-Modulated Signals on Subarray-Mimo Radar Sabaria, Sabaria; Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal
Jurnal ELTIKOM : Jurnal Teknik Elektro, Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : P3M Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31961/eltikom.v7i2.940

Abstract

The most important radar system performance is determining the range-velocity of the detected target. This performance is obtained from processing an ambiguity-function (AF) between signals from target reflections and radar radiation signals. Selection of the appropriate waveform transmitted by the radar is a key factor in supporting high resolution radar performance in the AF. There are many waveforms that have been studied in radar systems, especially for multi-antenna radars, i.e., subarray-MIMO (SMIMO) radar which can form phased array (PA) and MIMO radars simultaneously, in the form of linear-frequency-modulated (LFM) signals. In this paper, we examine the use of LFM waveforms combined with SMIMO radar to produce plots of three-dimensional AF as a function of time delay and Doppler shift. The results of the comparison with the Hadamard signal determine the effectiveness of the observed AF performance on parameters such as magnitude, range-velocity resolution, peak sidelobe level ratio, and integrated sidelobe ratio by taking into account the factors of the number of Tx antennas on the PA radar and the number of Tx subarrays on the MIMO radar. The evaluation results of the SMIMO radar configuration (M = 6) with the number of Tx-Rx antenna elements the being 8 provide the best mainlobe magnitude, sidelobe magnitude, range resolution, velocity resolution, PSLR, and ISLR of AF LFM signals compared to conventional radars are 235.2dB, 7.54dB, 37.5m, 75km/s, 29.89dB, and 29.8dB, respectively. Meanwhile, the LFM signal is far superior to the Hadamard signal which has PSLR and ISLR 1.16dB and -3.36dB, respectively.
Sum-Difference Method in Monopulse Radar: A Review Alam, Alam; Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal
Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering Vol 3 No 1 (2024): Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy and Process Engineering
Publisher : Universitas Pertamina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57102/jescee.v3i1.74

Abstract

This article reviews the sum and difference methods on monopulse radar used to detect targets during the tracking process. These methods are described in detail and comprehensively regarding optimizing the size of the subarray elements, optimizing the radiation energy of tracking targets, optimizing for obtaining lower sidelobe level and optimizing computations for digital processing. Considerations of potential strategies for configuring an implementable monopulse radar are also given. This article also provides answers when faced with the challenge of building a monopulse subarray radar that meets the implementation needs of both software and hardware. The expected result of this subarray on monopulse radar is to obtain flexible and general capabilities for detection and tracking that can adapt to target and environmental conditions, including countering interference and jamming.  
DESAIN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA TERPUSAT DESA PELAJU Julianto, Patria; Huda, Abil; Prasetia, Abdul Muis; Budiman, Achmad; Said, Fitriani; mado, ismit; Sartika, linda; Riyanto, Sugeng; tachfulloh, syahfrizal
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Borneo Vol 8, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Borneo Tarakan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35334/jpmb.v8i3.5874

Abstract

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) terpusat di Desa Pelaju. PLTS terpusat tersebut nantinya akan digunakan untuk menyediakan listrik yang terjangkau dan berkelanjutan bagi masyarakat desa Pelaju, yang saat ini memiliki akses terbatas terhadap energi listrik. Pada kegiatan ini desain PLTS terpusat yang akan dipasang di Desa Pelaju. mencakup berbagai aspek proyek, seperti aspek legal, sosial, ekonomi, dan teknis. Kegiaatan ini juga mencakup perhitungan kapasitas modul surya dan baterai yang dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik desa Pelaju. Selain hal tersebut, pada kegiatan ini juga diberikan panduan pengelolaan dan pemeliharaan PLTS terpusat agar dapat beroperasi secara optimal.
Multiple-Signal-Classification for Superior Target Detection in Subarray-MIMO Radar Systems Selviyani, Selviyani; Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal
Jurnal EECCIS (Electrics, Electronics, Communications, Controls, Informatics, Systems) Vol. 19 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jeeccis.v19i1.1747

Abstract

One of the keys to ensuring optimal radar performance in various applications, from security to navigation, is a high target detection probability. This paper uses a multiple-signal-classification (MUSIC) algorithm to increase the detection probability which is implemented on a MIMO radar with subarrays in the transmit (Tx) and receiver (Rx) antenna array elements called the SMIMO radar. The subarray method on this radar is known to increase the angular resolution of detection, expand the detection range, add virtual arrays, and minimize the influence of interference compared to conventional radars such as phased-array and MIMO radars. The evaluation and effectiveness of the detection probability performance of this radar are compared to previous radars by considering the number of Tx-Rx antenna elements, the number of subarrays in Tx-Rx, false alarm probability, and SNR variations. SMIMO radar with the MUSIC algorithm and Tx-Rx subarrays demonstrates superior detection performance at low SNR, achieving a Pd of 0.9 at SNR -24.4 dB and outperforming PhA, MISO, and MIMO radars. Increasing Tx subarrays (W) significantly enhances detection capabilities, with ROC analysis showing Pd above 0.92 at Pfa around 10?² and SNR above -15 dB, making it highly effective for weak signal detection.
Modeling and Optimization of 4G Pathloss using Swarm Intelligence Algorithm: Case Study and Python-Based Implementation Noviyansyah, Tri; Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal
Aviation Electronics, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Electricals, and Controls (AVITEC) Vol 7, No 3 (2025): November (Special Issue)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/avitec.v7i3.3245

Abstract

Accurate pathloss (PL) modeling is critical for 4G-LTE network planning in complex urban environments like Central Tarakan, Indonesia. This study presents a Python-based, open-source implementation of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to calibrate three conventional PL models, Okumura-Hata, SUI, and Ericsson 9999, using real drive-test data. Initial RMSE values exceeded 50 dB, revealing severe inaccuracies under heterogeneous terrain. PSO optimization dramatically improved accuracy: RMSE reduced to 5.98 dB (Okumura-Hata, 89.44% improvement), 9.83 dB (SUI, 84.03%), and 6.44 dB (Ericsson 9999, 91.32%). The optimized Okumura-Hata model achieved the highest reliability, with 88.89% of measurement points meeting the <8 dB threshold and the lowest standard deviation (1.71 dB). Ericsson 9999 attained the lowest minimum RMSE (0.06 dB), showcasing exceptional potential under favorable conditions. PSO converged rapidly within 50 iterations, and sensitivity analysis confirmed that standard parameters (ω = 0.5–0.7, c₁ = c₂ = 1.8–2.2) suffice for robust calibration, eliminating need for fine-tuning. Results demonstrate that real-world propagation deviates significantly from classical logarithmic assumptions, validating the necessity of data-driven, site-specific optimization. The fully open-source framework—built with NumPy, Pandas, and Matplotlib—offers a practical, scalable solution for intelligent radio planning in dynamic urban landscapes.
ESTIMASI SUDUT DAN AMPLITUDO DARI ARAH KEDATANGAN SINYAL RADAR MIMO DENGAN APPROXIMATION MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD Ashar, Ashar; Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal
MULTITEK INDONESIA Vol 17 No 2 (2023): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/mtkind.v17i2.4406

Abstract

Abstrak Penentuan jumlah parameter target dari suatu sistem radar sangat ditentukan dari kemampuan estimasi arah kedatangan sinyal target. Hal ini amat bergantung pada tingkat akurasi dan resolusi deteksi arah dari estimasi tersebut terutama untuk target-target yang saling berdekatan. Estimasi arah kedatangan sinyal ini sangat besar dipengaruhi oleh estimasi radar-cross section (RCS) dari target. RCS ini proporsional dengan keberadaan target yang nantinya berimbas pada penentuan jumlah target terdeteksi. Banyak sekali pendekatan untuk mengestimasi hal tersebut pada radar multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) salah satunya approximation maximum likelihood (AML). Makalah ini akan memberikan penurunan formulasi dan evaluasi dari estimasi parameter dengan pendekatan AML untuk sistem radar MIMO yang sekaligus juga membandingkannya dengan radar konvensional seperti phased-array (PA). Untuk menunjukkan keefektifan kinerja dari estimasi AML terhadap radar-radar tersebut maka akan dibandingkan dengan implementasi pendekatan sebelumnya seperti least squares (LS) dalam hal seperti magnitudo dari RCS, jumlah sudut kedatangan yang proporsional dengan jumlah target terdeteksi, dan jumlah elemen antena di transmitter (Tx) dan receiver (Rx) dari sistem radar. Berdasarkan dari hasil evaluasi untuk jumlah elemen antena Tx-Rx dengan 10 elemen, resolusi sudut deteksi untuk estimator AML yang diusulkan pada radar MIMO ternyata unggul dibanding estimator LS dengan resolusi sudut berturut-turut adalah 5,8 dan 2 dalam satuan derajat. Abstract Determining the number of target parameters for a radar system is largely determined by the ability to estimate the direction of arrival of the signal from the target. This is very dependent on the accuracy and detection resolution of the estimated direction of arrival, especially for targets that are close to each other. The estimated direction of arrival of this signal is greatly influenced by the estimated radar-cross section (RCS) of the target. This RCS is proportional to the presence of targets which will have an impact on determining the number of targets detected. There are many approaches to estimate this on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar, one of which has high angular detection resolution is approximation maximum likelihood (AML). This paper will provide a formulation and evaluation of parameter estimation using this approach for MIMO radar systems while also comparing it with conventional radars such as phased-array (PA). To show the effectiveness of the performance of the proposed estimate for these radars, it will be compared with the implementation of previous approaches such as least squares (LS) in terms such as the magnitude of the RCS, the number of angles of arrival proportional to the number of targets detected, and the number of antenna elements in the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) of the radar system. Based on the evaluation results for the number of Tx-Rx antenna elements with 10, the detection angle resolution for the proposed estimator on the MIMO radar turns out to be superior to the LS estimator with an angle resolution of 5.8 and 2 in degrees, respectively. 
Enhanced Angular Resolution in OEST Radar Using Hybrid APES-MUSIC Algorithm RAMDANSYAH, RANDI; TAHCFULLOH, SYAHFRIZAL; RISKY, DWI; SAFARIA, NUR; PUTRA, ILHAM TIARA
ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika Vol 13, No 4: Published November 2025
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26760/elkomika.v13i4.369

Abstract

Limited angular resolution in Overlapped Equal Subarray Transmit (OEST) radar poses a critical challenge in detecting closely spaced targets, especially in complex multi-target environments. This paper evaluates super-resolution MUSIC and APES methods to enhance angular resolution in OEST radar systems with 6 subarrays. Performance analysis was conducted under single and multiple target scenarios: one target at 0.5°, two targets at [0°, 0.5°], and three targets at [–0.5°, 0°, 0.5°]. Both methods achieved accurate angle detection for single and dual-target cases. However, in triple-target scenarios, APES demonstrated superior DoA and RCS estimation precision (up to 0.999) despite higher sidelobes, whereas MUSIC showed reduced RCS accuracy but lower sidelobes. The hybrid APES-MUSIC approach produced sharp spectral peaks, near-unity amplitude response, and minimized sidelobe interference, significantly improving estimation accuracy and stability for this radar in dense multi-target settings.
Combined Barker-M-Sequence Coded LFM for High-Performance Subarray-MIMO Radar Applications Iqbal, Akhmad; Tahcfulloh, Syahfrizal; Antonius, Antonius; Juliannanda, Rizkyandi; Nurrahmansyah, Arya
JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Issues January 2026
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/jite.v9i2.15837

Abstract

Subarray-Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (SMIMO) radar is an advanced technology that integrates the advantages of phased-array and MIMO radars to enhance target detection resolution. A key challenge in SMIMO implementation lies in improving velocity resolution without compromising spectral efficiency, while maintaining accurate target detection capability under high sidelobe levels and inter-channel interference. This study proposes a novel approach—Combined Barker-M-Sequence Coded LFM—in which the LFM signal is phase-modulated using a hybrid code formed by concatenating a Barker sequence (length 11) and an M-sequence (length 7). Simulation results show that the proposed signal achieves a Peak Sidelobe Ratio (PSLR) of −20.83 dB, significantly outperforming LFM-Barker (−8.45 dB) and LFM-M-sequence (−16.3 dB). It also delivers a velocity resolution of 0.95 m/s and a range resolution of 225 m, representing a 38% improvement over standard LFM. Moreover, under SNR = −5 dB, the system achieves a SINR gain of 4.7 dB relative to LFM-M-sequence. This approach enables more efficient waveform utilization in modern radar applications—such as air surveillance, military defense, and autonomous vehicles—particularly in challenging environments characterized by low SNR, multipath propagation, and high clutter.
Co-Authors Abdul Muis Prasetia, Abdul Muis Antonius Antonius Antonius Antonius Ashar Ashar Budiman, Achmad Eka Riskayadi Huda, Abil Iqbal, Akhmad Juliannanda, Rizkyandi Kristianto Pasepang Mado, Ismit Mizar Ahmad Maulana Muhammad Jeki Muttaqin Hardiwansyah Noviyansyah, Tri Nurrahmansyah, Arya Patria Julianto Petrick Petrick PUTRA, ILHAM TIARA RAMDANSYAH, RANDI Risky, Dwi Sabaria, Sabaria SAFARIA, NUR Said, Fitriani Sapriansa Sapriansa Sartika, Linda Selviyani, Selviyani Sugeng Riyanto Sultan Mahdi Sumardi . Syamsiar, Syamsiar