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All Journal Teknomekanik Journal of Engineering Researcher and Lecturer
Dieter Rahmadiawan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, TAIWAN
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Education Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Enhanced durability and tribological performance of polyvinyl alcohol/layered double hydroxide/tannic acid composites under repeated swelling cycles Dieter Rahmadiawan; Shih-Chen Shi; Wei-Ting Zhuang; Eko Indrawan; Yolli Fernanda; Budi Syahri; Irzal Irzal
Teknomekanik Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Regular Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/teknomekanik.v7i2.32872

Abstract

In recent years, the exploration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites has garnered significant attention due to their versatility applications in aqueous environments. However, despite their promise, neat PVA exhibit limitations such as significant mechanical degradation under repeated swelling cycles. This study investigates the durability and tribological performance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites reinforced with nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (LDH) and tannic acid (TA) under repeated swelling cycles. Building on previous research that explored composite preparation and initial characterization, this research emphasizes the effects of cyclic swelling on wear resistance, friction behavior, and mechanical properties. Tribological tests were conducted to evaluate the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate before and after multiple swelling cycles, alongside tensile strength and strain measurements. The results revealed that the PVA/TA2/LDH2 composite, containing the highest additive content, exhibited the lowest wear rate of 11.52 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/Nm after 3 swelling cycles, demonstrating superior resistance to material degradation. Although PVA/TA2/LDH1 exhibited a slightly lower COF, its wear rate was higher due to reduced reinforcement. Compared to neat PVA, which showed a COF increase from 0.45 to 0.53, the PVA/LDH/TA composites retained their tribological stability, with only a marginal increase in COF and wear rate. Similarly, tensile strength of PVA/TA2/LDH2 decreased by only 11% after 3 cycles (from 33.3 MPa to 30 MPa), while neat PVA experienced a 25.5% reduction (from 30 MPa to 22.5 MPa). These findings highlight the potential of PVA/LDH/TA composites for applications in aqueous environments, offering significantly enhanced long-term performance and reliability.
Trends in anti-UV films or composites: A bibliometric study Dieter Rahmadiawan; Thiago F. Santos; Navid Aslfattahi; Shih-Chen Shi; Eko Indrawan; Athaya Ramadhan; Zainal Abadi
Teknomekanik Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Regular Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/teknomekanik.v8i2.44072

Abstract

Anti-UV films and composites play a critical role in protecting materials from ultraviolet-induced degradation, which can weaken polymers, reduce product lifespan, and compromise performance in sectors such as food packaging, outdoor coatings, and biomedical devices. The growing emphasis on sustainability and the need for environmentally friendly protective materials have further accelerated research on UV-shielding technologies that incorporate biopolymers, multifunctional additives, and renewable resources. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research on anti-UV films and composites over the period 2014–2024. Data were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using Bibliometrix (R package) and VOSviewer were employed to analyze publication patterns, map keyword networks, and visualize thematic evolution, as these tools enable robust quantitative and structural mapping of large bibliographic datasets. Three dominant thematic clusters were identified: (i) nanoparticle-based UV shielding using inorganic fillers such as ZnO and TiO₂, (ii) multifunctional films integrating UV protection with antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and (iii) biopolymer-based matrices emphasizing mechanical durability and environmental sustainability. These clusters highlight the convergence of performance, sustainability, and multifunctionality as key drivers shaping current research directions. Despite significant progress, the analysis reveals limited attention to scalability, industrial compatibility, and long-term performance evaluation. The findings underscore the need for future research to incorporate pilot-scale processing, life-cycle assessments, and interdisciplinary collaboration to bridge the gap between laboratory formulations and commercial implementation. Overall, this bibliometric study provides a consolidated understanding of the evolution and research landscape of anti-UV films and composites.
Trade-offs in thermal and mechanical properties of cellulose films from bacterial cellulose powder induced by ultrasonication duration Dieter Rahmadiawan; Tio Baskara; Hairul Abral; Eni Sugiarti; Ahmad Novi Muslimin; Shih-Chen Shi; Thiago F. Santos; Imtiaz Ali Laghari
Teknomekanik Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Regular Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/teknomekanik.v9i2.57372

Abstract

Understanding the trade-offs between thermal and mechanical properties is crucial for optimizing the performance of cellulose films from bacterial cellulose powders (BCP). This study leverages ultrasonication as an eco-friendly method to enhance these properties in BCP-based films while investigating the consequences of varying ultrasonication durations. BCP was sonicated at 250 W for 15 and 30 minutes. Results demonstrated that increasing ultrasonication duration significantly improves tensile strength, toughness, and transparency. The 30-minute sonication yielded the most robust and transparent films, with the highest mechanical strength and toughness. Conversely, while a shorter sonication of 15 minutes slightly improved the thermal stability of the films, increasing Tmax from 317°C for non-sonicated films to 351°C, a longer duration of 30 minutes reduced Tmax to 323°C. This illustrates a clear trade-off between enhancing mechanical properties and maintaining thermal stability. The findings provide insights into a simple yet effective approach for producing environmentally friendly, non-wood-based BC films, emphasizing the need to balance both thermal and mechanical enhancements through controlled ultrasonication.
Study of the effective fraction of areca nut husk fibre composites based on mechanical properties Irfan Muhammad Akbar; Anna Niska Fauza; Zainal Abadi; Dieter Rahmadiawan
Journal of Engineering Researcher and Lecturer Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Regular Issue
Publisher : Researcher and Lecturer Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58712/jerel.v3i1.126

Abstract

Areca nut husk fibers have the potential to be used as reinforcement in polymer composites as a substitute for synthetic fibres. In the manufacture of fibre composites, one of the important factors in determining the strength is the matrix to fibre ratio. This study aims to determine the effective ratio or fraction between areca nut husk fibre and orthophthalic polyester resin. Before using areca nut husk fibre, it was chemically treated so that only cellulose remained in the fibre. The areca nut husk fibre was processed into sheets. The composite was manufactured using the hand lay-up technique. Tensile and flexural tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties. Based on the results of the tests conducted, there are differences in the mechanical properties of the composites. The tensile test results show that the 40% fibre fraction has the highest tensile strength and modulus values. On the other hand, in the flexure tests, the highest tensile strength and modulus values are found in the 30% fibre fraction.
Enhanced tribological performance of PLA/CNC composites: A comparison with phenolic resin and nylon Chia-Feng Hsieh; Shih-Chen Shi; Dieter Rahmadiawan
Journal of Engineering Researcher and Lecturer Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Regular Issue
Publisher : Researcher and Lecturer Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58712/jerel.v3i3.169

Abstract

PLA has been developed to replace plastic because it is degradable. For more advanced applications, more research is needed on PLA. This study investigates the tribological properties of phenolic resin, nylon, and PLA/CNC composites under varying sliding distances and loads. Both phenolic resin and nylon demonstrate exceptional wear resistance and stable friction coefficients. PLA/CNC composites exhibit improved wear resistance, showing a 17% reduction in friction coefficient at a 3 wt.% CNC content. While the wear volume of PLA/CNC composites increases with sliding distance, the addition of CNC enhances PLA’s self-lubricating properties and overall wear resistance. The correlation between dissipated energy and wear volume confirms that higher CNC content significantly improves the durability of PLA. These findings suggest that CNC has considerable potential as an additive to enhance the tribological performance of PLA composites, making it a valuable material for various applications requiring superior wear resistance.
Co-Authors Ahmad Novi Muslimin Athaya Ramadhan Budi Syahri Chia-Feng Hsieh Eko Indrawan Eni Sugiarti Fauza, Anna Niska Hairul Abral Imtiaz Ali Laghari Irfan Muhammad Akbar Irzal Irzal Navid Aslfattahi Shih-Chen Shi Thiago F. Santos Thiago F. Santos Tio Baskara Wei-Ting Zhuang Yolli Fernanda Zainal Abadi Zainal Abadi