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Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Aluminum and Copper Sheet Welding Using Friction Stir Spot Welding Method Adit Waisal; Hary Munandar; Sofia Debi Puspa; Achdianto; Triyono
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa dan Inovasi Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v6i1.5552

Welding aluminum and copper materials using friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is widely practiced. Although strong enough, it still produces keyhole and shoulder marks, which are quite large due to the large shoulder and pin sizes. This study investigates the joining of aluminum and copper panels using the FSSW technique using smaller shoulders and pins in different shoulder shapes. The study began by cutting aluminum and copper panels 150 mm long, 50 mm wide, and 5 mm thick. The joining process was carried out at rotational speeds of 900, 1200, and 1500 rpm with tools with several variations in pin length. Pin lengths of 0, 5, and 7 mm with pin diameters made the same at 5 mm, shoulder diameter 20 mm. The connection was observed for macrostructure, microstructure, and hardness. Different tool geometries have the potential to be applied in FSSW joints, especially for sheets. The highest hardness value is found in Cu-Cu material welding, with an average hardness value of 101.63 HVN in the stir zone area. The lowest hardness value is located in the base metal of aluminum material, with an average hardness value of 48.37 HVN.

Geometry Characterization of Products Results in the Finishing Process Using Centerless Belt Grinding Machine Jesika Erventy Osman; Sofia Debi Puspa; Triyono; Hary Munandar
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa dan Inovasi Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v6i1.5554

The centerless belt grinding machine that was previously designed at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Universitas Trisakti can be used for finishing machining products. However, it is not yet known how the machine will perform on the geometric characteristics of the product as a result of the finishing process with a centerless belt grinding machine. The geometric characteristics here are the results of measurements in cylindricality, roundness, and surface roughness. This research aims to determine the machine's performance and whether there are significant differences in the centerless belt grinding finishing process. Control chart analysis is used to determine the consistency of engine performance, and a comparison of the feed speed is used to determine engine performance. Next, data processing was carried out using the paired sample t-test statistical test to determine whether there were significant differences between the turning and milling processes. The consistency test results indicated good performance achieved at a maximum speed of 25.47 mm/minute (angle 12°) for cylindrical, roundness, and surface roughness measurements. The statistical test results of the paired t-test between the turning and grinding processes showed significant differences, as indicated by the P-value (0.00) < ∝ (0.05) on cylindricality, roundness, and surface roughness.

Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Aluminum and Copper Sheet Welding Using Friction Stir Spot Welding Method Adit Waisal; Hary Munandar; Sofia Debi Puspa; Achdianto; Triyono
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v6i1.5552

Welding aluminum and copper materials using friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is widely practiced. Although strong enough, it still produces keyhole and shoulder marks, which are quite large due to the large shoulder and pin sizes. This study investigates the joining of aluminum and copper panels using the FSSW technique using smaller shoulders and pins in different shoulder shapes. The study began by cutting aluminum and copper panels 150 mm long, 50 mm wide, and 5 mm thick. The joining process was carried out at rotational speeds of 900, 1200, and 1500 rpm with tools with several variations in pin length. Pin lengths of 0, 5, and 7 mm with pin diameters made the same at 5 mm, shoulder diameter 20 mm. The connection was observed for macrostructure, microstructure, and hardness. Different tool geometries have the potential to be applied in FSSW joints, especially for sheets. The highest hardness value is found in Cu-Cu material welding, with an average hardness value of 101.63 HVN in the stir zone area. The lowest hardness value is located in the base metal of aluminum material, with an average hardness value of 48.37 HVN.

Geometry Characterization of Products Results in the Finishing Process Using Centerless Belt Grinding Machine Jesika Erventy Osman; Sofia Debi Puspa; Triyono; Hary Munandar
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v6i1.5554

The centerless belt grinding machine that was previously designed at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Universitas Trisakti can be used for finishing machining products. However, it is not yet known how the machine will perform on the geometric characteristics of the product as a result of the finishing process with a centerless belt grinding machine. The geometric characteristics here are the results of measurements in cylindricality, roundness, and surface roughness. This research aims to determine the machine's performance and whether there are significant differences in the centerless belt grinding finishing process. Control chart analysis is used to determine the consistency of engine performance, and a comparison of the feed speed is used to determine engine performance. Next, data processing was carried out using the paired sample t-test statistical test to determine whether there were significant differences between the turning and milling processes. The consistency test results indicated good performance achieved at a maximum speed of 25.47 mm/minute (angle 12°) for cylindrical, roundness, and surface roughness measurements. The statistical test results of the paired t-test between the turning and grinding processes showed significant differences, as indicated by the P-value (0.00) < ∝ (0.05) on cylindricality, roundness, and surface roughness.

Development of an Arduino-Based Water Rocket Launcher in Physics Experiments Larasati Putri; Fakhrizal Arsi; Kiar Vansa Febrianti; Sentot Novianto; Ika Wahyu Utami; Muhammad Najih; Sofia Debi Puspa; Muhammad Gilang Ramadhan; Harry Munandar
International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Volume 08, Issue 1, June 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/5qcv4a36

The effective science education requires practical methods that allow students to explore complex physics concepts. One promising approach is the use of physics experiment as an interactive media. This research focuses on the development of water rocket launcher using an Arduino as an innovative physics experiment. Arduino in water rocket launcher is used for making the precise control and relevant measurement of variables, such as angle of projection, speed of launch, maximum altitude of launch, and air pressure. The research process followed the ADDIE instructional design model and involved hardware, software prototyping, work testing, and user instruction. The launcher’s performance was tested with 33 engineering students and assessed by 5 experts. Expert evaluations rated the relevance, design, and usability of the kit highly (3.4–4.0 on a 4-point Likert scale). User responses from 33 students indicated strong agreement on ease of use and engagement (mean scores 3.79–3.91), with a high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = .964). Experimental launches, using three and four finned rockets, showed maximum height percentage differences between theoretical and observed values ranging from 0.0%–52.6% (three fins) and 1.2%–51.8% (four fins); range errors were 3.4%–36.8% (three fins) and 2.1%–42.7% (four fins). The findings confirm that the Arduino-based water rocket launcher provides effective, interactive learning, though further refinement in data accuracy and instructional materials is recommended to maximize its classroom impact and is needed for improved accuracy.

Inovasi Hijau: Daur Ulang Limbah Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Sabun Cair Organik di Lingkungan Pesantren Larasati Rizky Putri; Sentot Novianto; Supriyadi; Ika Wahyu Utami; Sally Cahyati; Sofia Debi Puspa; Harry Munandar; Kiyoshi Irisawa; Daniel
Aksiologiya: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 10 No 3 (2026): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/aks.v10i3.28578

Pengelolaan minyak jelantah di lingkungan pesantren masih menjadi tantangan, karena sebagian besar limbah tersebut dibuang langsung ke saluran air dan berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan santri serta pengelola Pesantren Daarul ’Uluum Lido Bogor dalam mendaur ulang minyak jelantah menjadi sabun cair organik yang ramah lingkungan dan bernilai ekonomi. Metode pelaksanaan dengan pendekatan partisipatif, meliputi sosialisasi, demonstrasi, serta praktik langsung pembuatan sabun cair organik. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui pre-test dan post-test untuk mengukur peningkatan pemahaman peserta, serta penyebaran kuesioner kepuasan. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada nilai rata-rata post-test peserta, disertai partisipasi aktif dalam sesi praktik dan diskusi. Berdasarkan instrumen kuesioner evaluasi, 100% peserta sangat setuju bahwa kegiatan ini menambah pengetahuan tentang daur ulang minyak jelantah, 97% sangat setuju bahwa metode penyampaian menarik dan interaktif, serta 90% sangat setuju merasa termotivasi untuk menerapkan pengetahuan tersebut di lingkungan pesantren. Kegiatan ini terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran dan kemampuan peserta untuk mengolah limbah minyak jelantah menjadi produk bernilai guna. Secara keseluruhan, program ini berkontribusi dalam membangun budaya inovasi hijau dan dapat menjadi model pengembangan green pesantren yang mandiri dan berwawasan lingkungan.

Comparative Structural Integrity Assessment of Buried Gas Pipelines at Road Crossings Based API RP 1102 for Minimum Safe Burial Depth Hary Munandar; Larasati Rizky Putri; Tono Sukarnoto; Sentot Novianto; Azka Aulia
RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik, October 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Kalibra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/reswara.v4i4.859

The structural integrity of buried gas pipelines at road crossings is critically affected by external vehicular loads, particularly under shallow burial conditions. Existing studies predominantly rely on single analytical approaches, which may not adequately capture the complex soil pipe interaction and load transfer mechanisms. This study addresses this gap by proposing a comparative multi method framework to determine the minimum safe burial depth of pipelines. A 12 inch gas pipeline is evaluated using three complementary approaches, API RP 1102, CEPA analytical method, and three dimensional Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The analysis integrates realistic operational parameters, soil properties, and heavy vehicular loads up to 50 tons, with structural performance assessed against ASME B31.8 allowable stress criteria. Results reveal a consistent attenuation of stress with increasing burial depth across all methods. The CEPA method provides conservative predictions, indicating a maximum stress ratio of 69.9% SMYS at 0.7 m, while FEA captures more realistic stress redistribution, yielding lower stress ratios (59.55%). Notably, depths below 0.7 m exhibit significantly higher stress levels, approaching critical limits, particularly under combined loading scenarios. This study establishes 0.7 m as the minimum safe burial depth, validated through multi method agreement. Furthermore, it demonstrates that integrating analytical and numerical approaches enhances reliability in pipeline design. For shallow installations, structural protection systems are essential to mitigate load induced stress and vibration.

Strength Analysis of a 6-Inch Gas Pipeline Under Deflection Using ASME B31.8 Strain-Based Design: A Case Study at KP.03+500 Hary Munandar; Larasati Rizky Putri; Tono Sukarnoto; Sentot Novianto; Azka Aulia
RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik, October 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Kalibra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/reswara.v4i4.861

Natural gas transmission pipelines are susceptible to deflection due to ground settlement, heavy traffic loads, and surrounding construction activities. This study evaluates the structural response of a 6-inch API 5L X52 gas pipeline experiencing a vertical deflection of 9 cm over a chord length of 370 cm at KP.03+500. The assessment uses the sagitta-based radius of curvature together with a strain-based framework. The revised calculation separates longitudinal bending strain from extensional strain. The measured geometry gives a radius of curvature of 1905.9 cm and a deflection angle of 11.12°. The longitudinal bending strain is 0.0186%, the extensional strain is 0.0296%, and the combined longitudinal strain is 0.0482%, below the material yield strain of 0.1760% and the adopted 0.25% normal-operation criterion. The elastic bending stress is 37.9 MPa, while the hoop stress due to MAOP is 36.77 MPa. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the yield-strain threshold is reached at approximately 19.3 cm and the 0.25% strain criterion at approximately 23.5 cm. The measured 9 cm deflection therefore retains a calculated yield-strain margin of approximately 10.3 cm. The assessment provides an analytical screening framework for field integrity evaluation while recognizing limitations associated with single-point measurement and simplified pipe-soil interaction.

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