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The Urgency of Recognizing out-of-Court Divorce in Banuhampu Sub-District from a Maslahah Perspective Melvi Rahmi; Endri Yenti; Nofiardi
Modern Islamic Studies and Sharia Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Pascasarjana UIN Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/missr.v1i1.9632

Abstract

Hukum negara mengatur bahwa perceraian hanya sah jika dilakukan melalui Pengadilan Agama. Namun, di Banuhampu, banyak kasus talak di luar pengadilan tetap terjadi. Keyakinan masyarakat yang berbeda, sebagian meyakini talak sah secara agama, sementara lainnya percaya talak hanya sah jika dilakukan melalui pengadilan, menyebabkan kesewenang-wenangan beberapa suami dalam menjatuhkan talak di luar pengadilan. Kedua pandangan ini menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum dan merugikan hak-hak perempuan serta anak. Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) mengeluarkan fatwa yang mengakui sahnya talak di luar pengadilan asalkan dilaporkan ke Pengadilan Agama, menjadi landasan pengakuan talak di luar pengadilan. Penelitian ini mengkaji latar belakang talak di luar pengadilan di Banuhampu dan bagaimana pengakuan terhadap talak di luar pengadilan dapat memberikan kemaslahatan. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pihak terkait dan tokoh masyarakat, sementara data sekunder dikumpulkan dari sumber relevan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pengelompokan, penggabungan, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengakuan talak di luar pengadilan, melalui pendekatan maslahah mursalah, memenuhi tiga syarat: membawa manfaat rasional, tidak bertentangan dengan syariat, dan melindungi pihak terdampak seperti istri dan anak. Meskipun bukan kebutuhan primer, pengakuan talak termasuk dalam kategori hajiyyat yang penting untuk menyelesaikan masalah perceraian di Banuhampu. Bagi tokoh masyarakat, pengakuan talak melalui pengadilan menyelaraskan hukum agama dengan hukum negara, menciptakan kepastian hukum, melindungi hak perempuan dan anak, serta mencegah konflik di masa depan. Abstract Hukum negara mengatur bahwa perceraian hanya sah jika dilakukan melalui Pengadilan Agama. Namun, di Banuhampu, banyak kasus talak di luar pengadilan tetap terjadi. Keyakinan masyarakat yang berbeda, sebagian meyakini talak sah secara agama, sementara lainnya percaya talak hanya sah jika dilakukan melalui pengadilan, menyebabkan kesewenang-wenangan beberapa suami dalam menjatuhkan talak di luar pengadilan. Kedua pandangan ini menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum dan merugikan hak-hak perempuan serta anak. Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) mengeluarkan fatwa yang mengakui sahnya talak di luar pengadilan asalkan dilaporkan ke Pengadilan Agama, menjadi landasan pengakuan talak di luar pengadilan. Penelitian ini mengkaji latar belakang talak di luar pengadilan di Banuhampu dan bagaimana pengakuan terhadap talak di luar pengadilan dapat memberikan kemaslahatan. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pihak terkait dan tokoh masyarakat, sementara data sekunder dikumpulkan dari sumber relevan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pengelompokan, penggabungan, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengakuan talak di luar pengadilan, melalui pendekatan maslahah mursalah, memenuhi tiga syarat: membawa manfaat rasional, tidak bertentangan dengan syariat, dan melindungi pihak terdampak seperti istri dan anak. Meskipun bukan kebutuhan primer, pengakuan talak termasuk dalam kategori hajiyyat yang penting untuk menyelesaikan masalah perceraian di Banuhampu. Bagi tokoh masyarakat, pengakuan talak melalui pengadilan menyelaraskan hukum agama dengan hukum negara, menciptakan kepastian hukum, melindungi hak perempuan dan anak, serta mencegah konflik di masa depan. Abstract Write State law stipulates that divorce is only valid if it is done through the Religious Court. However, in Banuhampu, many cases of off court divorce continue to occur. The different beliefs of the community, with some believing that divorce is valid religiously, while others believe that divorce is only valid if done through the courts, has led to the arbitrariness of some husbands in imposing divorce outside the courts. Both views create legal uncertainty and harm the rights of women and children. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) issued a fatwa recognizing the validity of off court divorce as long as it is reported to the Religious Court, providing a foundation for the recognition of out-of-court divorce. This study examines the background of off court talak in Banuhampu and how the recognition of off court talak can provide benefits. Using a qualitative approach, primary data was obtained through in-depth interviews with relevant parties and community leaders, while secondary data was collected from relevant sources. Data analysis was conducted by grouping, combining, and drawing conclusions. The results show that off court talak recognition, through the maslahah mursalah approach, fulfills three conditions: bringing rational benefits, not contradicting the Shari'ah, and protecting affected parties such as wives and children. Although it is not a primary need, divorce acknowledgment falls into the category of hajiyyat which is important for resolving divorce issues in Banuhampu. For community leaders, divorce recognition through the court harmonizes religious law with state law, creates legal certainty, protects the rights of women and children, and prevents future conflicts.  
Utilization of Abandoned Customary Land: Reconstructing the Concept of Ihya' al-Mawat for Sustainable Economic Development (A Case Study in Nagari Bukit Sileh, Solok Regency) Roni Marizal Putra; Endri Yenti
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 3 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i3.11380

Abstract

The underutilization of customary land remains a persistent challenge in Indonesia’s Indigenous communities, particularly in Minangkabau, where communal land ownership is governed by customary law. Despite its substantial economic potential, considerable areas of customary land remain abandoned because of legal, institutional, social, and economic constraints. This study aimed to analyze customary land utilization in Nagari Bukit Sileh, Solok Regency, examine the relevance of Iḥyāʾ al-Mawāt to sustainable economic development, and formulate a reconstructive model of customary land management grounded in Islamic legal principles. A descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Primary data were collected through field observations and semi-structured interviews, while secondary data were obtained from classical and contemporary Islamic legal literature. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification, with source triangulation used to ensure data credibility. The findings indicate that customary land utilization in Nagari Bukit Sileh has not reached its full potential, as substantial areas remain unproductive because of interrelated legal, social, economic, and institutional constraints. From the perspective of Iḥyāʾ al-Mawāt, productive land use should be encouraged without altering the communal ownership status of customary land. Reconstructing this concept through muḍārabah and muzāraʿah contracts provides a relevant framework for sustainable economic development by improving community welfare, expanding economic opportunities, and preserving social and environmental balance. The study concludes that integrating Iḥyāʾ al-Mawāt with communal customary land governance offers an Islamic legal model for revitalizing abandoned land while protecting collective ownership. This model contributes to the development of more inclusive, productive, and sustainable customary land governance and rural economic development.
The Intervention of Islamic Law on Minangkabau Tradition Regarding Children Adoption Helmi Yusnita; Endri Yenti; Safrin Salam; Kayode Muhammed Ibrahim
NALAR FIQH: Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol. 14 No. 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30631/nf.v14i2.1409

Abstract

The process of child adoption is not done widely based on The Traditional Law of Minangkabau because most of the adopted children are still their relative. The legal status of adopted child in the foster family can be obtained through the court where the status is the same with biological child or foster child, while the legal status of adopted child in the adopted relative can be gained through the tribe recognition or determination of Minangkabau Tradition namely as “kamanakan di bawah lutuik” (the closest nephew/niece). The purpose of this paper was to find out how was Islamic law intervention towards the law of Minangkabau tradition especially in child adoption. This research employed Field Research with the main data came from primary data obtained from informants in the field and the secondary data obtained from the materials related to the research. The data collection was carried out through interview, reading, and grouping in accordance with the theme being discussed, then were analyzed by using descriptive theory, inductive theory, and presented them in the form of paper. The results of this research state that in Islam and Minangkabau tradition basically forbid someone to adopt other people’s child by cutting the family ties with the child’s parents, then move it to the foster parents because it can cause chaos in the inheritance system either according to the traditional law or according to Islamic Law.