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Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Variant Screening and Whole Genome Sequencing at an Indonesian Tertiary Hospitals Hapsari, Rebriarina; Kesumayadi, Irfan; Sari, Desvita; Anjarwati, Dwi Utami; Alfiyuliani, Nesia Hani; Mujahidah, Mujahidah; Sari, Iva Puspita; Hadi, Purnomo
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 9, No 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v9i3.19147

Abstract

Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), experienced a surge in cases with the emergence of the Omicron variant. Despite increasing vaccination coverage, Indonesia witnessed peaks in COVID-19 cases. Variant screening and whole genome sequencing (WGS) play a crucial role in identifying SARS-CoV-2 variants and monitoring their spread.Objective: The objective of this study was to compare variant screening results with WGS data, assess the prevalence of subvariants, and analyze their correlation with demographic and cycle threshold (CT) values.Methods: Between November 7th and 18th, 2022, variant screening and WGS were conducted on samples with CT values below 30. Variant screening utilized the mBioCov-19+ VarScreen assay, while WGS was performed on the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platform. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using epi2melabs. Demographic data and CT values were analyzed. Results: Out of 89 subjects, all tested positive for the Omicron variant through variant screening. The variant screening identified two subvariants: Omicron BA.2 (64%) and Omicron B.1.1.529.1 (36%). WGS revealed that the XBB subvariant was the most dominant (52.8%), followed by BQ.1 (22.5%) and BA.5 (13.5%). When VarScreen indicated BA.2, the majority of WGS results showed XBB (82.5%), while for B.1.1.529.1, the majority of WGS results were BQ.1 (59.4%), followed by BA.5 (37.5%). XBB was the most prevalent variant in both females and males, while BQ.1 was more dominant in females (80%). No infections were detected among children aged 1-5 years. All variants had CT values below 24.Conclusion: Variant screening provides accurate and quick results for detecting the Omicron variant in laboratories without WGS capacity. However, it is important to continuously update the screening methodology based on the prevailing circulating variants. During the study period, XBB emerged as the predominant subvariant of the Omicron variant.
Clinicopathologic Features in a TSH Secreting Pituitary Tumor : a Case Report Bakhtiar, Yuriz; Kesumayadi, Irfan; Fujio, Shingo; Arifin, Muhamad Thohar
Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 17 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Profesi Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran UPN Veteran Jakarta Kerja Sama KNPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33533/jpm.v17i2.6530

Abstract

Thyrotropin-stimulating hormone-producing adenoma (TSHoma) is a rare cause of hyperthyroidism. Patients with this condition are often diagnosed when the tumor has already grown significantly, as the diagnosis of TSHoma is frequently delayed and confused with primary hyperthyroidism. Our case describes a 60-year-old woman with a goiter who was referred to our center from the otolaryngology department. Her thyroid panel in endocrinology showed elevated free hormone levels (fT3: 4.6 mg/ml and fT4: 1.93 mg/ml) and an unsuppressed TSH: 12.85 μ mIU/l, suggesting central hyperthyroidism. A thyroid gland sample obtained by a fine needle aspiration biopsy did not show malignant cells. An MRI scan of the pituitary gland revealed a macroadenoma with KNOSP grade 1. She underwent transsphenoidal surgery for the tumor. Histopathology revealed an acidophilic adenoma with the expression of TSH and prolactin by immunostaining. The proliferation rate, as indicated by MIB-1 staining, was only 0.6%. The decrease in thyroid hormones after the operation confirmed the effectiveness of the surgery. In conclusion, TSHoma, a rare tumor associated with hyperthyroidism, requires a careful diagnosis for effective management. Our article serves as reference material for understanding cases of pituitary-secreting tumors in Indonesia.
Garcinia Mangostana Pericarp Extract Protection on Reproductive Function of Obese-Diabetic Rats Model Nindita, Yora; Karlowee, Vega; Kesumayadi, Irfan; Istiadi, Hermawan; Muniroh, Muflihatul
Althea Medical Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v10n3.2905

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in obese has been considered a risk factor for male infertility. Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract (GMPE) is known to have anti-hyperglycemic, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of GMPE therapy on reproductive function in obese T2DM rats by examining testosterone level, testicular histopathological features, and hs-CRP level.Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats, aged 2–3 months, were randomly divided into 6 groups and treated with a standard diet (NC), high-fat diet (HFD) with GMPE 200 mg/kgBW (obese GMPE control/OGC200), HFD with 45 mg/kgBW STZ-NA (obese-diabetic control/ODC), obese-diabetic rats with GMPE 100 (DG100); 200 (DG200); and 400 mg/kgBW (DG400). STZ-NA was administered after 8 weeks of HFD treatment and followed by GMPE for 8 weeks after T2DM was confirmed. The level of hs-CRP and testosterone were measured in the serum using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Testicular histopathological examination was measured after 8 weeks of treatment by using Modified Jonhson Score (MJS) with HE staining. Results: ODC rats significantly showed increased hs-CRP level compared to NC (8.76±0.27 vs 0.30±0.07 ng/mL, p<0.001) and reduced testosterone level and MJS compared to NC (73.69±2.22 vs 170.14±1.34 ng/dL, 4.57±0.93 vs 9.87±0.16 MJS, respectively, P<0.001). Testosterone and hs-CRP levels showed a negative and significant correlation (r=-0.974 and p<0.001). On the treatment group, GMPE significantly reduced hs-CRP and increased testosterone levels in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion: GMPE effectively protects reproductive function in obese DM rats by increasing testosterone levels and advanced spermatogenesis, as well as decreasing hs-CRP level