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Response of Anthracnose Disease Intensity in Red Chili Plants (Capsicuum annuum L.) to Several Types of Fungicide Active Ingredients: Respon Intensitas Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicuum annuum L.) Terhadap Beberapa Jenis Bahan Aktif Fungisida Lestari, Safira Rizka; Hidayat, Nur
Journal of Applied Plant Technology Vol 3 No 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Plant Technology (JAPT)
Publisher : Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/38vass51

Red chilies are one of the important horticultural products in Indonesia. One of the plant pest disease organisms which attack red chili plants is anthracnose disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum capsici. Prevention of plant pest disease organisms, especially anthracnose disease by farmers is still oriented towards the use of pesticides. Evaluation of existing fungicides must be carried out so that possible negative impacts can be anticipated early. A Randomized Block Design was used with treatment of several types of functional active ingredients, namely Hexanocazole 50 g/L + Carbendazim 50 g/L (P1); Azoxystrobin 250 g/L (P2); Tebuconazole 430 g/L (P3); Indoxacarb 20% (P4); Simoxanil 20% (P5); Dimethomorph 50% (P6); Methyl-thiophanate 70% (P7); Mancozeb 80% (P8); Azocystrobin 200g/L + Difenoconazole 125 g/L (P9); and control or no active ingredient (P10). The results show that Simoxanil 20% fungicide has an efficacy level of more than 60% and is able to prevent the spread of C. capsici attacks in the field at a disease intensity percentage of 30%.

Carrier Materials Differences on Bioencapsulation Formulation Affect Bacillus sp. Isolates Wuryandari, Yenny; Suryaminarsih, Penta; Lestari, Safira Rizka
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 8th International Seminar of Research Month 2023
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2024.4162

Biological agent Bacillus sp. Based on the results of previous research, direct use of isolated microorganisms BCZ14, BCZ16, and BCZ20 was able to suppress Fusarium wilt disease. However, Bacillus sp. formulations in suspension form are less effective when applied in the field. This research focuses on analyzing the viability of three isolates of Bacillus sp. against several combinations of bioencapsulation coating materials. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with a combination of treatment of three isolates and three types of coating materials, namely sodium alginate (B1), carrageenan (B2), and chitosan (B3) each 2%. Each treatment combination was repeated five times. Based on the experiments that have been carried out, the bioencapsulation formulation using 2% chitosan coating material was able to maintain the viability of the three isolates of Bacillus sp. BCZ14, BCZ16, and BCZ20. The population density of the three isolates of Bacillus sp. persisted consistently from the first week to the last week of observation. Therefore, the 2% chitosan coating material can be said to be able to maintain the viability of Bacillus sp. within six weeks.

Deteksi Bakteri Pseudomonas cichorii Terbawa Benih Sawi Putih Impor Asal Korea Selatan dengan Metode PCR: Detection of Pseudomonas cichorii Bacteria Carried by Chinese Cabbage Seeds From South Korea Using PCR Method Zahra, Nabila; Lestari, Safira Rizka
Agrocentrum Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Agrocentrum
Publisher : Agriculture Faculty - UPN "Veteran Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/agrocentrum.v2i1.22

Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) is one of the horticultural commodities that has a high production level in Indonesia. The increase in chinese cabbage production means that the need for chinese cabbage seeds in Indonesia is met through imported. The entry of seeds into a country through imported activities has the potential to as carriers of pathogens, especially bacteria that are OPTK A1 and A2, so it is important to carry out early detection of pathogens to prevent their spread in Indonesia. This research aims to detect bacteria carried by chinese cabbage seeds from South Korea using the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method. The results of the observations did not find the target bacteria Pseudomonas cichorii.

Characterization of Bacterial Blight Pathogen on Rice Plants in Sidoarjo Sayekti, Ninik Ari; Purnawati, Arika; Lestari, Safira Rizka
Journal of Applied Plant Technology Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Journal of Applied Plant Technology (JAPT)
Publisher : Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/xwdype52

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple crop for all Indonesian people. Rice production in Indonesia in 2019 experienced a decline in production. Plant disease attacks are a factor that influences the decline in rice production. Bacterial leaf blight is an important disease in rice plants that can cause yield losses of up to 50%. Characterization of disease-causing bacteria needs to be carried out to develop appropriate, effective and efficient control in suppressing the development of bacterial leaf blight. The aim of this research was to characterize the morphological and physiological characteristics of the bacteria that cause bacterial leaf blight. The method used in this research included the isolation of bacteria that cause bacterial leaf blight disease carried out on rice plantations in Pulungan Village, Sedati, Sidoarjo. Identification is carried out through macroscopic and microscopic observations, analysis of physiological properties through the gram staining test, fermentative oxidative test, yellow colony test on YDC media, urease test, hypersensitivity test, and pathogenicity test. The results of the research show that the bacteria that cause bacterial leaf blight have the morphological characteristics of being yellow, round and shiny. The physiological characteristics of the bacterial isolate are gram-negative bacteria, are oxidative, yellow in YDC media, and react negatively in the urease test.

Isolation and Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria from The Roots of Avicennia sp. in The Mangrove Area of Gunung Anyar, Surabaya Azzahra, Fatimah; Prasetyawati, Endang Triwahyu; Lestari, Safira Rizka
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 11, No 1: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus March 2025
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v11i1.6596

Mangroves are unique ecosystems that support biodiversity, including endophytic microorganisms. Endophytic bacteria group is a group of microbes that have a mutualistic symbiosis to the host plant without harming the host, and can act as biocontrol agents and plant stimulants. Endophytic bacteria have a very wide host range. Each plant has an abundance and diversity of endophytic bacteria, depending on the internal and external factors that affect it. This study aims to determine the characteristics of endophytic bacteria and identify the diversity of endophytic bacteria found in Avicennia sp. Method Sampling from mangrove area of Gunung Anyar, Surabaya. Characterization of endophytic bacteria was done by Gram test, spore staining test, catalase test, oxidative-fermentative test, and selective media test (King's B and Yeast Dextrose Carbonate). The results showed the existence of several isolates of endophytic bacteria that have morphological diversity and different characteristics, such as shape, color, colony edge, and colony surface. Conclusions In this study has been successfully isolated some endophytic bacteria such as Lactobacillus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Bacillus sp., Xanthomonas sp., and there are also endophytic bacterial isolates that have not been identified. This study contributes to an early understanding of the diversity of microorganisms in mangrove ecosystems and opens up opportunities for further exploration of their potential applications, one of which is in agriculture

Diagnosis and Etiology of Seedling Mortality in Cavendish Banana (Musa acuminata L.) at PT Great Giant Pineapple Nursery Nugraha, Rafi Dwi; Lestari, Safira Rizka
Journal of Applied Plant Technology Vol 4 No 1 (2025): Journal of Applied Plant Technology (JAPT)
Publisher : Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/tva7gb30

This study aimed to diagnose the causes of seedling mortality in Cavendish banana (Musa acuminata L.) at PT Great Giant Pineapple Nursery. Clinical symptoms observed included leaf wilting, root rot, and blackened corms, primarily under high-humidity conditions. Laboratory isolation and morphological identification confirmed four fungal pathogens as the primary etiological agents: Heart rot (Phytophthora sp.), Aspergillus rot (Aspergillus sp.), fruit rot (Rhizopus sp.), and damping-off (Pythium sp.). Phytophthora sp. was particularly aggressive, causing severe vascular necrosis. Environmental factors such as excessive moisture, poor drainage, and contaminated nursery substrates were found to exacerbate disease incidence. The findings underscore the need for improved nursery management, including strict sanitation, optimized irrigation, and preventive fungicide applications. Recommendations also include the use of disease-free planting materials and enhanced ventilation to reduce fungal proliferation. Implementing these measures can significantly decrease seedling mortality and improve the production of healthy Cavendish banana plants.

Optimization of Bioencapsulation of Bacillus sp. to Increase Resistance to Bacterial Wilt and Growth of Cayenne Pepper Anjani, Ajeng Distya; Wuryandari, Yenny; Lestari, Safira Rizka
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 4 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtepl.v14i4.1325-1334

Cayenne pepper has a high production demand. The high demand does not match the amount of production produced. One of the factors for decreased production is the presence of bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Bacterial wilt control can be done with the application of antagonistic bacteria, namely Bacillus sp. Bacillus sp. application requires an optimal formulation to maintain bacterial activity in the soil, one of which is Bacillus sp. encapsulation. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Bacillus sp. encapsulation as a formulation of biological agent bacteria for the control of bacterial wilt disease and cayenne pepper plant growth. This study used the encapsulating material concentration and dosage factors for application to plants. Encapsulation was made using the extrusion method. The results showed that the concentration of 2% sodium alginate and 1.5% gelatin gave a significant difference in disease intensity of 18.89% and in the growth parameters of cayenne pepper plants were able to reach a height of 30.58 cm and a root length of 17.18 cm. The right concentration and high dose provide the ability to suppress intensity and encourage maximum growth

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Kalsium Klorida pada Viabilitas dan Daya Sweelling Beads Enkapsulasi Paenibacillus polymyxa secara In Vitro Sari, Zulfa Novita; Nirwanto, Hery; Lestari, Safira Rizka
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 9 No 2 (2025): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/16364

Background: Paenibacillus polymyxa is a potent antagonist that can be utilized as a biological agent. The use of biological agents has gained interest among farmers, but their application in liquid formulations has not consistently maintained the optimal stability and viability of microorganisms. One promising approach to overcome this problem is bioencapsulation, which is a method of wrapping biological agents to protect bacteria in the soil and increase their efficiency. This study aims to assess the encapsulation efficiency, measure the viability of microorganisms in the beads, and determine the difference in swelling power of beads made with various concentrations of calcium chloride (CaCl2) as a binding agent. Method: Beads were produced using the extrusion method by combining Paenibacillus polymyxa suspension, sodium alginate suspension, and adding CaCl2 at concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5%. Results: The results showed that different CaCl2 concentrations can affect the viability of Paenibacillus polymyxa in beads. Beads made with CaCl2 at 3% concentration were the best results in the encapsulation efficiency test compared to beads made with 1% and 5% CaCl2 binders. In comparison, beads with 3% and 5% CaCl2 concentrations were able to maintain the viability of microorganisms at a higher level and for a longer time than beads using CaCl2 at 1% concentration. The decrease in viability and swelling power of the beads is thought to be caused by the carrier material used and the storage conditions. Conclusion: Bead treatment with 3% calcium chloride concentration was the best treatment for encapsulation efficiency in absorbing Paenibacillus polymyxa, amounting to 98.21%.

Utilization of Trichoderma sp. and compost to increase nitrogen in specific soil types as planting media Maroeto, Maroeto; Wijayanti, Fitri; Lestari, Safira Rizka; Maghfiroh, Ainur Risma Miftakhul
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 10, No 2 (2025): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.96370

Nitrogen deficiency dramatically affects plant growth, development, and productivity. This study aims to determine the utilization of Trichoderma sp. and compost in increasing the nitrogen content of several types of soil used as planting media. The research was conducted using an experimental method arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern. The first factor is the soil types, namely Alfisol, Inceptisol, and Vertisol. The second factor is dose of compost consisting of 4 levels, namely K1 (0 tons ha-1 or no compost), K2 (10 tons ha-1), K3 (20 tons ha-1), and K4 (30 tons ha-1). The third factor is the concentration of Trichoderma sp., which consists of 4 levels, namely T1 (0 CFU ml-1), T2 (106 CFU ml-1), T3 (108 CFU ml-1), and T4 (1010 CFU ml-1). Results showed that the combination of compost and Trichoderma sp. had a natural effect on increasing the N content of each soil type. N-total content from highest to lowest was found in soil types such as Inceptisol (0.384%), Alfisol (0.243%), and Vertisol (0.230%). Combining compost and Trichoderma sp. increases sustainable nitrogen availability and is more environmentally friendly.

Utilization of Trichoderma sp. and compost to increase nitrogen in specific soil types as planting media Maroeto, Maroeto; Wijayanti, Fitri; Lestari, Safira Rizka; Maghfiroh, Ainur Risma Miftakhul
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 10, No 2 (2025): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.96370

Nitrogen deficiency dramatically affects plant growth, development, and productivity. This study aims to determine the utilization of Trichoderma sp. and compost in increasing the nitrogen content of several types of soil used as planting media. The research was conducted using an experimental method arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern. The first factor is the soil types, namely Alfisol, Inceptisol, and Vertisol. The second factor is dose of compost consisting of 4 levels, namely K1 (0 tons ha-1 or no compost), K2 (10 tons ha-1), K3 (20 tons ha-1), and K4 (30 tons ha-1). The third factor is the concentration of Trichoderma sp., which consists of 4 levels, namely T1 (0 CFU ml-1), T2 (106 CFU ml-1), T3 (108 CFU ml-1), and T4 (1010 CFU ml-1). Results showed that the combination of compost and Trichoderma sp. had a natural effect on increasing the N content of each soil type. N-total content from highest to lowest was found in soil types such as Inceptisol (0.384%), Alfisol (0.243%), and Vertisol (0.230%). Combining compost and Trichoderma sp. increases sustainable nitrogen availability and is more environmentally friendly.

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