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Criminal Law Perspectives on Medical Legal Issues in Telemedicine Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Onwubiko, Kelechi
Jurnal Justice Dialectical Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Journal of Justice Dialectical
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Adhyaksa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70720/jjd.v3i2.47

Abstract

Digital technology has transformed healthcare globally, with telemedicine playing a pivotal role in expanding access to medical services in remote and underserved areas. In Nigeria, however, the practice of telemedicine raises complex medico-legal issues that directly intersect with criminal law. This study examines criminal law perspectives on telemedicine in Nigeria, with particular emphasis on medical liability, patient confidentiality, data protection, and accountability for malpractice or negligence. The research employed a quantitative approach, administering 303 questionnaires to respondents across Nigeria and analyzing the data to assess perceptions of telemedicine and its legal implications. The findings indicate, first, that telemedicine holds significant potential to strengthen Nigeria’s healthcare system, but its effectiveness is constrained by serious challenges, including the absence of a comprehensive regulatory framework, inadequate protection of patient data, and uncertainty regarding criminal liability for medical errors and breaches of confidentiality. Second, the study underscores the urgent need for Nigeria to establish robust laws, ethical guidelines, and medical regulations that specifically address issues of criminal liability, professional responsibility, and patient protection in telemedicine. The adoption of such frameworks would provide legal certainty, enhance accountability, and foster greater public trust in digital healthcare delivery.
International Legal Framework in Curtailing Hazardous COVID-19 Medical Waste: Issues and Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Okpoko, Mercy Osemudiame; Obieshi, Eregbuonye; Damina, Joshua John
Decova Law Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Decova Law Journal
Publisher : CV. Pustaka Parawali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71239/dlj.v1i1.51

Abstract

At the close of 2019, the global environment was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare across the global environment was overwhelmed with patients suffering from the COVID-19 virus. However, in a bid to respond in curtailing the COVID-19 pandemic through medical equipment, it resulted in unprecedented waste. However, despite there are several global laws that curtail the incidence of waste generation and disposal, most developing countries experience a high level of medical waste from equipment used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. In this regard, the study adopts a doctrinal method of investigation to examine the global legal issues and challenges concerning waste emanating from medical equipment in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented medical waste within the global environment, low and middle-income countries suffered more as a dumping ground of medical waste emanating from the equipment used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The study also found that there is a legal gaps and weaknesses concerning the international laws curtailing the incidence of waste. Furthermore, the study also found that poor technology in recycling and curtailing COVID-19 medical waste is a major challenge to developing nations during the pandemic. The study concluded and recommended that to ensure a healthy and sustainable environment free from unprecedented waste. There is a need to strengthen National and international laws in curtailing the incidence and indiscriminate dumping of COVID-19 and any medical waste. Furthermore, the study recommends the need for international cooperation in knowledge sharing on sustainable waste management through sophisticated technology.   
Legal Issues and Challenges in Securing Ugandans' Health Rights in Vaccine Safety Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Ismiala, Hassan Adebowale; Jufri, Muwaffiq; Ekpenisi, Collins
Legalis : Journal of Law Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Scientific Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61978/legalis.v4i1.1173

Abstract

Health is widely regarded as a form of wealth and a fundamental human right that governments must protect. In response to global infectious diseases, the international community has increasingly relied on vaccine development as a strategy to mitigate major health threats. However, public concerns such as those raised by Dr. Wahome Ngare’s medical team regarding the safety of certain vaccines highlight the urgent need for strong legal and institutional mechanisms to safeguard public health. Against this backdrop, the study examines Uganda’s legal framework for protecting citizens’ health rights and explores the structural challenges that may hinder the effectiveness of these laws. Using a doctrinal research method, the study draws on primary and secondary legal materials and analyzes them through descriptive and analytical approaches. The findings reveal that unsafe vaccines can pose severe risks to human health. The Ugandan government is legally obligated, under both international and domestic law, to ensure that vaccines circulating within the country are safe and effective. Despite this mandate, several obstacles limit the implementation of health protections, including constitutional barriers to the application of international law, bureaucratic delays in enforcing national regulations, resource constraints, and low public awareness of the health reporting system. The study concludes by reaffirming the need to strengthen the protection of Ugandans’ health rights. It recommends that the government address these challenges by domesticating reliable international legal standards, reducing internal legal bureaucracy, and improving public awareness of health reporting mechanisms. This research contributes to the broader understanding of how Uganda’s legal and institutional structures support public health rights, while identifying gaps, accountability issues, and policy challenges related to vaccine safety and public trust.
Legal and Public Health Governance for Sustainable Integration of Mobile Health (mHealth) Technologies in East Africa Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Mugabe, George Mulingi; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Jufri, Muwaffig; Mustafa , Mundu M.; Ekpenisi, Collins; Eregbuonye, Obieshi; Antai, Godswill Owoche; Okpoko, Mercy; Kelechi, Uzoho; Alammari, Khalid Saleh Y
Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/biste.v8i1.14943

Abstract

Mobile health (mHealth), which comprises mobile health applications, telemedicine, SMS-based treatments, and wearable health monitors, has the power to change healthcare delivery, but at the same-time, it is going through a rapid developmental phase that regulators cannot keep up with. This is considered a necessity in balancing the Integration of mHealth technology innovation through enhanced laws within East Africa. It is in view of this that this examines the legal and public health framework in integrating mHealth technology in enhancing the healthcare system within East Africa. The study adopts a doctrinal and systematic analytical method of study directed by the PRISMA framework, allowing thorough legal analysis while at the same time guaranteeing a transparent, stringent, and comprehensive review of related literature. The study found that fragmentation of laws, lack of centralized public health and data governance, unequal access to mHealth services, and constraints on innovation, weakens the integration and regulation of mHealth. Hence, the study recommends and concludes that for effective integration of mHealth in enhancing the public health care system, the research insists on a unified legal system that states unambiguously which data protection benchmarks apply, what the liability conditions are, what the integration of different systems and regulations requirements is, and how to coordinate among different countries' regulators. Besides that, it suggests measures for strengthening the capacity of the targeted groups, such as: medical professionals, trainees, users’ digital literacy campaigns, and local mHealth technology developers’ institutions’ support.
Legal and Ethical Regulation on Childcare Digital Health System in Nigeria and Uganda: Issues and Challenges Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen; Nurhasanah, Siti; Kasmawati, Kasmawati; Aidonojie, Esther Chetachukwu; Ekpemisi, Collins; Atim, Amos Godfrey
TRUNOJOYO LAW REVIEW Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/tlr.v8i1.32980

Abstract

The implementation of digital technologies in the healthcare system for children has a lesser but still noticeable effect on the health systems of Nigeria and Uganda. Digital tools such as electronic pediatric health records, tele-pediatric, m-health apps, and data-driven diagnostic platforms have been implemented. However, children's vulnerability in the digital healthcare domain has been significantly increased by the new technologies. The research scrutinizes the current insufficient and disorganised legal and ethical systems that control child digital healthcare in Nigeria and Uganda. The research employs a doctrine-based method, utilising the PRISMA Guide to systematically identify, screen, and analyse relevant laws, policies, and academic literature on children's rights. The results indicate that both countries have generic health and data protection laws that can be applied to digital health in general, but regulations and ethical standards (such as consent, data privacy, cybersecurity, parental authority, and professional liability) specific to children remain underdeveloped and poorly enforced, specifically in Nigeria. The study makes the case for child-friendly digital health legislation, clear consent standards, rigorous institutional oversight, and regional collaboration to ensure children's rights and welfare in digital healthcare systems.