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HUBUNGAN ANTARA USIA DAN KEPADATAN HUNIAN DENGAN KEJADIAN TUBERCULOSIS PARU DI UPTD PUSKESMAS PRINGSEWU KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU PROVINSI LAMPUNG Lestari, Desi Maya; Sufa, Hafizah Ilmi
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol 16 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : Universitas Mohammad Husni Thamrin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37012/jik.v16i1.1996

Abstract

Penyakit Tuberkulosis (TB) terus menjadi tantangan kesehatan global, tetap menjadi fokus perhatian internasional sebagai masalah kesehatan yang belum sepenuhnya teratasi dan menjadi salah satu penyakit menular paling mematikan di dunia. Indonesia sendiri menempati peringkat kedua setelah India dalam jumlah kasus TB, dengan 824 ribu kasus dan 93 ribu kematian per tahun. Provinsi Lampung, khususnya Kabupaten Pringsewu, juga mengalami beban penyakit TB yang signifikan. Pada tahun 2022, terdapat 1.678 kasus suspek TB di wilayah Puskesmas Pringsewu. Pemerintah merekomendasikan penggunaan Tes Cepat Molekuler (TCM) untuk mempercepat penemuan kasus. Faktor-faktor seperti usia dan kepadatan hunian menjadi faktor penyebaran TB yang cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara usia dan kepadatan hunian dengan hasil pemeriksaan TB paru di wilayah Puskesmas Pringsewu Lampung. Analisis data menunjukkan distribusi usia responden terbanyak pada rentang usia produktif (70%) dan kepadatan hunian yang padat (18,3%). Uji chi square mengungkap hubungan signifikan antara usia dan pemeriksaan TB (p-value: 0,047; OR: 3,8) serta kepadatan hunian (p-value: 0,042; OR: 6). Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara usia dan kepadatan hunian dengan kejadian TB Paru di wilayah Puskesmas Pringsewu tahun 2023. Rekomendasi disarankan untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan dengan penyuluhan mengenai pola hidup sehat dan rumah sehat.
PREVALENSI PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS DI POLI DIRECTLY OBSERVED TREATMENT SHORT-COURSE (DOTS) RSUD CIDERES Prananda, Crystian Dwi; Kurniati, Iis; Sufa, Hafizah Ilmi; Solihat, Mohamad Firman
Journal of Medical Laboratory and Science Vol 4 No 2 (2024): JMLS: Journal of Medical Laboratory and Science
Publisher : Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/medlabscience.v4i2.2100

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan laporan kegiatan layanan TB Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS) di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Cideres penemuan suspek penderita BTA tahun 2021 ada 339 kasus yang dicurigai menderita BTA, 32 di antaranya positif BTA. Tahun 2022, 160 kasus dicurigai menderita BTA, 100 di antaranya positif BTA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan prevalensi penderita Tuberkulosis paru BTA Positif di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Cideres pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2023. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelatif. Sampel merupakan penderita Tuberkulosis paru BTA positif di RSUD Cideres Majalengka pada bulan Agustus – Oktober 2023. Hasil: Didapat bahwa pasien kejadian TB positif dengan persentase sebesar 70% ada pada pasien dengan karakteristik pendidikan SD - SMP, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang TB serta tidak memerlukan pencahayaan di dalam rumah. Kemudian untuk pasien yang memiliki hunian tak layak didapatkan kejadian TB positif sebesar 67%, pasien dengan rentang usia 41-70th keatas sebesar 63%. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan usia, pasien TB positif di RSUD Cideres sebagian besar berusia 41 hingga 70 tahun, yang berjumlah 19 orang (63 %). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, sebagian besar pasien TB positif laki-laki dan perempuan sama, dan 21 orang (70%) berdasarkan karakteristik pendidikan, dan 9 orang (30 %). Berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan, sebagian besar pasien TB positif berusia 41 hingga 70 tahun, yang berjumlah 19 orang (63 %). Kata kunci : Tuberkulosis, DOTS, BTA Positif
Confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture results with Ziehl-Neelsen staining and MPT64 antigen test Indrasari, Witri; Kurniati, Iis; Dermawan, Asep; Sufa, Hafizah Ilmi
Current Biomedicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/currbiomed.3.1.11

Abstract

Background Culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using egg-based solid media like Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) is the gold standard for tuberculosis diagnosis but requires extended incubation time. Rapid diagnostic tests, such as Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and the MPT64 antigen rapid test, are essential for early detection. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ZN staining and the MPT64 rapid test in detecting MTB and Mycobacterium other than tuberculosis (MOTT) during different culture times. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, 110 culture-positive samples were analyzed from Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung over two months. Specimens were cultured on LJ media for eight weeks, with weekly observation of colony growth. ZN staining and MPT64 tests were performed on growing colonies. Results Less than four weeks culture, 61 samples (55.5%) were culture-negative, 45 (40.9%) were positive for MOTT, and the remainder were contaminated. In more than four weeks culture, 48 samples (43.6%) were positive for MTB, 45 samples (40.9%) were positive for MOTT, and 13 (11.8%) were culture-negative, and the remaining were contaminated. ZN-positive and MPT64-negative results indicated MOTT in less than four weeks culture, while ZN-positive and MPT64-positive results indicated MTB in more than four weeks culture. Conclusion While ZN staining was positive for both MTB and MOTT colonies, the MPT64 rapid antigen test was specific for MTB, supporting its use in confirming MTB detection alongside culture methods.
Optimasi Konsentrasi dan Waktu Kontak Ekstrak Daun Jati (Tectona grandis) sebagai Alternatif Safranin pada Pewarnaan Gram Syafitri, Andita Izmi; Sufa, Hafizah Ilmi; Kurniati, Iis; Merdekawati, Fusvita
Jurnal Kesehatan Siliwangi Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL KESEHATAN SILIWANGI
Publisher : Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Safranin is a cationic dye and is one of the harmful substance, in addition to its relatively expensive price, safranin waste also has several harmful effects on health, so the various studies on the use of natural dyes as an alternative of safranin have been widely carried out. Teak leaves are one of the plants that have the potential to used as an alternative of safranin because they contain anthocyanin compounds. This study aims to determine the concentration and optimal contact time of teak leaf extract that can be used as an alternative of safranin. The research method used is a quasi-experiment by providing treatment with 25%, 50%, and 100% concentration variations also contact time variations of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 minutes. The results showed that teak leaf (Tectona grandis) extract could be used as an alternative of safranin in Gram staining of E. coli and S. aureus. The conclusion of this study is that the optimum concentration of teak leaf extract is 50%, and the optimum contact time of teak leaf extract in Gram staining is 0.5 minutes.
EFEK INFUSUM DAUN KENIKIR (Cosmos caudatus) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN MORFOLOGI DAN TINGKAT KEMATIAN LARVA Aedes aegypti Nur Indra, Asep Iin; Rahmat, Mamat; Sulaeman, Sulaeman; Rohayati, Rohayati; Sufa, Hafizah Ilmi
JURNAL RISET KESEHATAN POLTEKKES DEPKES BANDUNG, Online ISSN 2579-8103 Vol 16 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Poltekkes Depkes Bandung
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34011/juriskesbdg.v16i2.2776

Abstract

Dengue fever is a serious health problem in Indonesia, caused by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Mosquito resistance to chemical insecticides is increasing due to inappropriate use, so alternative vector control is needed, including natural larvicides from plants. Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) is one of the plants that has potential as a larvicide, thanks to its essential oil and secondary metabolites. This study aims to test the effect of kenikir leaf infusion on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae with various concentrations and determine the effective concentration as LC50, which kills 50% of larvae. The population in this study was all species of kenikir from Manoko plantation, Lembang, with the sample being the leaves of Cosmos caudatus species. A total of 315 Aedes aegypti larvae were obtained from Loka Litbang and used as research objects. A true experimental method was used with a Static Group Comparison design, involving experimental and control groups. The object of the study was Aedes aegypti instar III larvae tested with kenikir infusion at concentrations of 25%, 35%, 45%, 55%, and 65%. The results showed that the minimum effective concentration was 25%, while the probit test indicated a concentration of 28% as the LC50 in 24 hours. Larval mortality was caused by damage to the outer membrane of the tissue, indicating an effect of the kenikir extract, rather than a lack of food.
Acute and Sub-Acute Oral Toxicity Assessment of Marchantia paleacea Bertol. Liverwort Herb Extract in Mice on Liver and Kidney Function Purkon, Dicki Bakhtiar; Nainggolan, Aurelya Veny Kurnia; Ningsih, Padmasari Diah Ayu Kumala; Kusmiyati, Mimin; Sudaryat, Yayat; Srinati, Ine; Fadhlillah, Faizah Min; Sufa, Hafizah Ilmi; Hotimah, Alni Khusnul
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol 22, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.008218

Abstract

Herbaceous liverwort Marchantia paleacea Bertol. has been known as a potential source that has bioactive compounds with various pharmacological benefits, such as: antimicroorganism, antifungal, antioxidant, immunomodulator, hepatoprotector, antipyretic, diuretic, cardiotonic, and vasorelactan. However, information regarding oral acute and sub-acute toxicity data from ethanol extracts of Marchantia paleacea Bertol. liverwort herb is still very limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the acute and sub-acute toxicity of liverwort herb ethanol extract in female mice of ddY strains. The acute toxicity test method was carried out by giving ethanol extract of the liverwort herb Marchantia paleacea Bertol. (EEMP) in single doses at doses of 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg bw orally for 14 days, while sub-acute toxicity tests were performed by administering EEMP test extracts at doses of 125, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg bw orally for 28 days in accordance with testing standards from BPOM (2022), Thompson-Weil, and OECD. Parameters observed include clinical symptoms (including: mortality), profile of body weight changes, biochemical analysis of serum, and histopathological analysis of vital organs (liver and kidney). Results from acute toxicity testing showed that a single dose of EEMP at the tested level did not cause significant clinical symptoms and histopathological disorders, and there were no deaths in test animals classified as mild toxic substances based on BPOM criteria ( 2000 mg/kg bw). And sub-acute toxicity tests from the 125, 250, and 2000 mg/kg bw test groups revealed a significant increase in average SGOT levels compared to the normal control group on the 28th test day (p0.05) but still within the normal range. Most other test parameter profiles show no significant changes. Some of the observed changes, particularly in the biochemical and histological parameters of the organs that occur are assumed to be transient reaction effects and are not a sign of toxicity. These findings suggest the need for further study of the potential toxic effects of the liverwort herb Marchantia paleacea Bertol. This study provides important insights in the understanding of the potential uses of the liverwort herb Marchantia paleacea Bertol. as a product of herbal ingredients (nutraseutics, supplements, and traditional medicine), and reinforces the need to understand the potential toxicity risks associated with it. 
Effect of solvent variation on results of antibiotic susceptibility test using the disk diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus Habibah, Firda Nurul; Sufa, Hafizah Ilmi; Kurniati, Iis; Rismiarti, Zuri
Current Biomedicine Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/currbiomed.3.2.60

Abstract

Background Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) is widely used for disk diffusion tests to assess antibiotic susceptibility in non-fastidious bacteria. The type of water used to prepare the MHA may have affected the test outcomes. Objective This study evaluated the effect of different water types as solvents on the antibiotic susceptibility test results of tetracycline and gentamicin against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods MHA was prepared using four types of water: distilled (control), bottled, reverse osmosis (RO), and municipal tap water (PDAM). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, and data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s Post Hoc test. Results The mean inhibition zones for tetracycline were 23.8 ± 0.99 mm (distilled), 23.4 ± 0.37 mm (bottled), 23.0 ± 0.43 mm (RO), and 17.8 ± 1.41 mm (tap), categorized as sensitive except for tap water (intermediate). For gentamicin, the zones were 11.7 ± 0.37 mm (distilled), 12.7 ± 0.77 mm (bottled), 9.8 ± 0.18 mm (RO), and 17.6 ± 1.19 mm (tap), with the first three classified as resistant and tap water as sensitive. The tap water results were significantly different (p<0.05) from those of the other antibiotics. Conclusion The use of non-standard solvents in MHA preparation, particularly tap water, may lead to inconsistent antibiotic susceptibility results. Standardized use of distilled water is recommended to ensure test accuracy and reliability.