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All Journal Jurnal Respirasi (JR) Narra J
Firdaus, Ruby
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Effectiveness of upper arm and breathing exercises to improve inflammatory markers in severe COVID-19 patients Tarigan, Amira P.; Firdaus, Ruby; Pandia, Pandiaman; Pradana, Andika; Abdullah, Muntasir; Sinaga, Sudirman P.; Wijanarko, Wahyu; Triwahyudi, Bibit; Vera, Yeni; Maryaningsih, Maryaningsih; Eyanoer, Putri C.; Listyoko, Aditya S.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.417

Abstract

Studies have suggested associations between inflammatory markers with the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, exercises that could reduce the level of inflammatory markers might be beneficial. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of upper arms and breathing exercises on inflammatory markers such as ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in severe COVID-19 patients. A quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test control group design was conducted among severe COVID-19 aged 18–70 years old, with or without comorbidities. Baseline data of inflammatory markers (ferritin, LDH, and CRP) were measured before the exercises and repeated post-exercise. The upper arm and breathing exercises were performed for ten days, twice a day (morning and evening) for ten minutes. A paired Student t-test was used to assess the changes in the inflammatory markers’ levels. Our data indicated that levels of ferritin and CRP were not significantly different between pre- and post-exercise. However, the level of LDH decreased significantly from 481.35 U/L to 331.80 U/L (p=0.001). This study highlights that pulmonary rehabilitation exercises might be beneficial to enhance the recovery process in severe COVID-19 patients.
Effects of Upper Arm and Breathing Exercise on Interleukin-6 in COVID-19 Patients Tarigan, Amira Permatasari; Listyoko, Aditya Sri; Pandia, Pandiaman; Pradana, Andika; Eyanoer, Putri Chairani; Sinaga, Sudirman Parningotan; Vera, Yeni; Firdaus, Ruby; Ramadhani, Adini Arifah
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v10-I.1.2024.36-41

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 disease has become a comprehensive world issue and has been declared a significant threat to global health. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important inflammatory marker and one of the triggers of the cytokine storm in COVID-19, where increased levels can be an independent predictor of COVID-19 mortality. This study aimed to observe the effect of upper arm and breathing exercises on IL-6 levels in severe COVID-19 patients. Methods: The study design was quasi-experimental, with blood tests conducted before and after the examination. A total of 20 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were involved, divided into intervention and control groups. Results: Blood tests to determine baseline IL-6 levels were performed in all patients. Patients from the intervention group were given upper arm and breathing exercises for ten days, twice a day, via video tutorials on mobile phones, while patients from the control group did not receive any exercises. Patients from the intervention group obtained mean pre- and post-exercise IL-6 levels of 42.38 ± 48.48 and 16.78 ± 18.29, respectively (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Upper arm and breathing exercises showed significant changes in IL-6 levels in severe COVID-19 patients.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Muntasir Andika Pradana Eyanoer, Putri C. Listyoko, Aditya S. Listyoko, Aditya Sri Maryaningsih, Maryaningsih Pandia, Pandiaman Putri Chairani Eyanoer, Putri Chairani Ramadhani, Adini Arifah Sinaga, Sudirman P. Sinaga, Sudirman Parningotan Tarigan, Amira P. Tarigan, Amira Permatasari Triwahyudi, Bibit Vera, Yeni Wijanarko, Wahyu