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The Relationship between the Classic Triad of Meningitis and Types of Meningitis Budi Iftiyastuti, Selma Nissa; Rizkita, Leonny Dwi; Ihsana, Nuni; Selohandono, Andrianto
Journal La Medihealtico Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): Journal La Medihealtico
Publisher : Newinera Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v5i4.1542

Abstract

Meningitis is an inflammatory disease of the meninges caused by infection and non-infection. Based on WHO data for 2023, the CFR (Case Fatality Rate) for meningitis is 5.88%. In 2016 at the Southeast Asian level, Indonesia became the country with the highest mortality rate caused by meningitis. The classic triad of meningitis can assist in the early diagnosis of meningitis so that early management can be carried out to reduce mortality and morbidity if a cerebrospinal fluid examination is not possible immediately. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the characteristics of meningitis patients, prevalence, and the relationship between the classic triad of meningitis and the incidence of infectious and non-infectious meningitis at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta in 2017-2021. This study uses a cross-sectional method. The data taken is secondary data from 118 medical records of patients who have been treated. From the results, it was obtained that the highest characteristics and distribution were the age category 0-5 years (27.1%), male sex (51.7%), the most domicile outside DIY (54.2%), no/not yet school (36.4%) not/not yet working (38.1%), bacterial meningitis (39.0%), fever (89.8%), neck stiffness (78.8%). There is a significant relationship between the classic triad of meningitis and the type of meningitis (p-value 0.000). Among the three triads, it turned out that there was a solid relationship between the classic triad of meningitis and the type of infectious meningitis as indicated p-value by neck stiffness 0.000, fever 0.000, and headache 0.000.
Inhibitory effects of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum l.) leaves ethanolic extract on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Streptococcus pyogenes Rizkita, Leonny Dwi; Ariani, Rizka; Farid, Muhammad; Rastrani, Ardestya; Ramadhania, Widya Aryana; Putri, Ratna Aprillia Eka
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 15, No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v15i2.40155

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance poses a global health threat, with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Streptococcus pyogenes contributing to the highest mortality rates among Gram-positive pathogens over the last three decades. The search for alternative antimicrobial agents has increasingly concentrated on natural products. Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.), a widely used ethnomedicinal plant in Indonesia, is recognized for its numerous health benefits, including its antimicrobial properties. Despite extensive phytochemical studies on various parts of rambutan, the specific inhibitory effects of its leaf extract against MRSA and S. pyogenes have yet to be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic rambutan leaf extract against MRSA and S. pyogenes. The extract was prepared using maceration with 96% ethanol, followed by qualitative phytochemical screening, which confirmed the presence of flavonoids (blackish-blue reaction with FeCl3) and tannins (reddish hue with HCl). Antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring inhibition zones on agar plates and determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) through UV-vis spectrophotometry. The 100% ethanolic extract demonstrated significant inhibitory effects, with a mean inhibition zone of 14.6 mm against MRSA, outperforming the 5% (p = 0.0004) and 10% (p = 0.0402) concentrations. For S. pyogenes, the 100% extract produced the largest inhibition zone (24 mm), showing superior activity compared to the 5% (p = 0.0005) and 10% (p = 0.0485) concentrations. MIC analysis indicated optimal antimicrobial activity at both 50% and 100% concentrations for the two pathogens. These findings underscore the potential of rambutan leaf extract as a natural antimicrobial agent against resistant Gram-positive bacteria, warranting further investigation into its bioactive compounds and mechanisms of action.
The relationship between the frequency of cleaning facial skin and the incidence of acne vulgaris Sulaksono, Nabila; Rizkita, Leonny Dwi; Suryaningsih , Betty Ekawati
Ahmad Dahlan Medical Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/admj.v6i1.12580

Abstract

Acne Vulgaris is a skin infection experienced by almost the entire population in the world. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) in his research, acne vulgaris occurs in around 85% of young to adult individuals aged 12 to 25 years. The main aim of this research is to determine the relationship between frequency of facial cleaning and acne vulgaris in Ahmad Dahlan University Medical Students Class of 2022. This research uses an analytical observational approach with a cross-sectional study approach. Specialist doctors in the field of dermatology examined samples of 94 students to identify acne vulgaris, after tabulation of samples that could be processed as many as 80 student samples. Frequency of facial cleaning was related to facial cleaning behavior as measured using a questionnaire. Demographic data, characteristics of acne vulgaris and frequency of facial cleansing were reported. Data processing uses univariate analysis and bivariate chi-square analysis. Hypothesis testing using the chi-square test with a confidence level of 95% obtained a p-value of 0.000 which is smaller than the significance of 0.05. The frequency of cleaning your face will reduce the occurrence of acne vulgaris or be a treatment to prevent acne vulgaris from occurring. The recommended frequency is 2-3x a day, it doesn't need to be more than 5x a day, because this can cause facial irritation and ultimately acne vulgaris.
Health promotion and screening in elderly congregate of PCM (Pimpinan Cabang Muhammadiyah) north Banguntapan to improve quality of life Rizkita, Leonny Dwi; Nisa, Afifah Khoiru; Ariani, Rizka; Aristiani, Windy
Jurnal Pemberdayaan: Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jpm.v8i2.10139

Abstract

Common non-communicable disease such as hypertension or diabetes mellitus is often found in elderly. Irregular medical check-up and uncontrolled medicine could lead into complications such as stroke and kidney failure. Elderly is also considered vulnerable and fragile, thus memory disturbance also sometimes occurs. Although these problems are inevitable due to ageing process, many strategies can be applied to prevent to complications. For example, by giving regular check-ups and knowledge transfer through health promotion, as well as early screenings. Thus, the aims for the community service are increasing the elderly’s understanding, forming proactive elderly and providing laboratory screenings. The method used is interactive presentation about non-communicable disease, medical check-ups for blood glucose, uric acid and total cholesterol level, and memory to quality of life assessment for elderly. The target of this service is elderly congregate of Jihad (Pengajian Ahad) Pagi of PCM (Pimpinan Cabang Muhammadiyah) North Banguntapan, Bantul Regency, DIY (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta). The result of the implementation of the service activity is increasing knowledge and awareness in regards of non-communicable and mental disease in elderly, as well as medical screenings data for next service project.