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All Journal SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Ramadhania, Widya Aryana
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Inhibitory effects of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum l.) leaves ethanolic extract on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Streptococcus pyogenes Rizkita, Leonny Dwi; Ariani, Rizka; Farid, Muhammad; Rastrani, Ardestya; Ramadhania, Widya Aryana; Putri, Ratna Aprillia Eka
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 15, No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v15i2.40155

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance poses a global health threat, with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Streptococcus pyogenes contributing to the highest mortality rates among Gram-positive pathogens over the last three decades. The search for alternative antimicrobial agents has increasingly concentrated on natural products. Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.), a widely used ethnomedicinal plant in Indonesia, is recognized for its numerous health benefits, including its antimicrobial properties. Despite extensive phytochemical studies on various parts of rambutan, the specific inhibitory effects of its leaf extract against MRSA and S. pyogenes have yet to be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic rambutan leaf extract against MRSA and S. pyogenes. The extract was prepared using maceration with 96% ethanol, followed by qualitative phytochemical screening, which confirmed the presence of flavonoids (blackish-blue reaction with FeCl3) and tannins (reddish hue with HCl). Antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring inhibition zones on agar plates and determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) through UV-vis spectrophotometry. The 100% ethanolic extract demonstrated significant inhibitory effects, with a mean inhibition zone of 14.6 mm against MRSA, outperforming the 5% (p = 0.0004) and 10% (p = 0.0402) concentrations. For S. pyogenes, the 100% extract produced the largest inhibition zone (24 mm), showing superior activity compared to the 5% (p = 0.0005) and 10% (p = 0.0485) concentrations. MIC analysis indicated optimal antimicrobial activity at both 50% and 100% concentrations for the two pathogens. These findings underscore the potential of rambutan leaf extract as a natural antimicrobial agent against resistant Gram-positive bacteria, warranting further investigation into its bioactive compounds and mechanisms of action.
Prediction of Artocarpus altilis Potential as an Anti Breast Cancer by Inhibiting EGFR: a Molecular Docking Study Farid, Muhammad; Rastrani, Ardestya; Rahma, Adinda Aulia; Ramadhania, Widya Aryana
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.199-204

Abstract

Reseptor Faktor Pertumbuhan Epidermal (EGFR) merupakan target penting dalam terapi kanker payudara, mengingat perannya dalam proliferasi, motilitas, dan invasi sel tumor melalui jalur pensinyalan penting seperti Ras-MAPK dan PI3K/Akt. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi potensi senyawa aktif Artocarpus altilis (AA), yang kaya akan flavonoid, sebagai alternatif kemoterapi. Metode docking molekular digunakan untuk memprediksi interaksi antara senyawa AA dan protein EGFR (PDB ID: 2J6M). Validasi docking menunjukkan nilai RMSD sebesar 0,854 Å, yang menunjukkan akurasi tinggi. Asam ellagic menunjukkan afinitas pengikatan terbaik (-8,4 kkal/mol), diikuti oleh Quercetin (-7,3 kkal/mol), Katekin, dan Epikatekin (-7,2 kkal/mol). Analisis residu mengungkapkan bahwa MET793 memainkan peran kunci dalam stabilitas interaksi. Visualisasi interaksi dan prediksi ADMET menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar senyawa memenuhi Aturan Lima Lipinski, tanpa risiko hepatotoksisitas atau mutagenesis. Senyawa potensial seperti Quercetin dan Epicatechin menunjukkan kinerja yang sebanding dengan doxorubicin, tetapi dengan potensi efek samping yang lebih rendah. Hasil ini memperkuat peran senyawa alami sebagai kandidat untuk terapi kanker yang ditargetkan pada EGFR, yang menyediakan dasar untuk pengembangan obat antikanker yang lebih aman dan lebih efektif.
Co-Authors Ariani, Rizka Muhammad Farid Putri, Ratna Aprillia Eka Rahma, Adinda Aulia Rastrani, Ardestya Rizkita, Leonny Dwi