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All Journal Buletin Peternakan Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy
Lupitasari, Florentina Bety Indah
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Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary Other

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Biomarkers improving decisions making in clinical trials: explanations and examples Faiha, Dhea Kirana; Lupitasari, Florentina Bety Indah; Fitria, Humairah; Salamah, Umi; Supriyati, Vidia Ajeng
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 5 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.13088

Abstract

Biomarkers are originate from physiological processes, medical imaging, tissues, or chemicals. They are potentially useful indicators for every type of disease and have important roles on drug discovery and development, disease progression tracking, prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy response. Biomarkers provide precision measurement results, lower bias result, also faster early warning signal. Therefore, they can be used as a basis for clinical decisions. Biomarkers found in tissues, blood, and other bodily fluids. Depend on their purpose of usage, biomarkers can be categorized of diagnostic, prognostic to predicts disease progression, pharmacodynamic to measures the effect of a drug on a biological system, and predictive to predicts response to a specific treatment. In clinical trials, biomarker can be used as basic of decisions making. Therefore, several steps required to incorporate biomarkers in clinical trials are determine roles and functions of biomarkers, choose specific test and laboratory according to purpose of trial, describe test and protocol, carry out and report analysis validation appropriate for trial, implement test in trial, and plan sustainability of biomarker uses in future research. Biomarker have been used as basis of decision making in clinical trials in phase I-IV to recruit participants or making a decision whether the trial will be terminated or continued. In this review, we outlined general explanations about molecular biomarkers, step of biomarkers incorporation in clinical trial, and examples of several studies using molecular biomarkers in clinical trial as basis of decision-making.
Various Saccharides Addition of Extender Ram Efficiency to Improve Cryopreservation in Semen Etawah Crossbreed Bucks with Seminal Plasma Replacement nurlatifah, aeni; Sitaresmi, Pradita Iustitia; Hafid, Anita; Mahari, Desiana Ade; Lupitasari, Florentina Bety Indah; Anwar, Rahma Isartina; Santoso, Santoso; Rizal, Muhammad; Herdis, Herdis
Buletin Peternakan Vol 48, No 2 (2024): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 48 (2) MAY 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v48i2.89390

Abstract

Phospholipase in buck seminal plasma will trigger a coagulation incident resulting in the demise of the spermatozoa during liquid semen processing using milk or egg yolk substrates diluent. A plasma replacement process is performed to avoid this possibility. The cryopreservation process leads to sperm cell damage due to the freezing process, therefore cryoprotectant agents such as saccharides are required as protective agents. This study aimed to investigate the effect of various types of saccharides on the quality of frozen semen of etawah crossbreed (PE) bucks during cryopreservation and thawing with plasma replacement using Priangan ram semen plasma. Semen was collected using an artificial vagina once a week. Fresh PE bucks semen centrifuged at 3,000 RPM for 30 min. The supernatant (seminal plasma) was removed and replaced in equal volume with Priangan ram seminal plasma. Semen was divided into four treatments: goat semen with sheep semen plasma in Tris diluent (control); control with 0.6% dextrose added (monosaccharides); control with 0.6% sucrose added (disaccharides); control with 0.6% raffinose added (trisaccharides). Semen quality including percentages of motile spermatozoa, live spermatozoa, and intact plasma membrane (IPM) were evaluated after diluted, equilibrated, and thawing, respectively. Results of this study showed that viability and IPM of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and trisaccharides were significantly (P<0.05) higher than control (54.40 and 51.40; 55.00 and 53.60; 55.60 and 52.20 vs 48.40 and 52.20, respectively). The motility of disaccharides was significantly (P<0.05) higher compared to control and other diluent (47.00 vs 41.00, respectively). In conclusion, different types of saccharides were effective in maintaining the quality of etawah crossbreed buck frozen semen. The addition of disaccharides seems more effective compared to monosaccharides and trisaccharides in tris extender on the quality of etawah crossbreed buck frozen semen.
Co-Authors Anwar, Rahma Isartina Faiha, Dhea Kirana Fitria, Humairah Hafid, Anita herdis herdis Mahari, Desiana Ade MUHAMMAD RIZAL nurlatifah, aeni SANTOSO SANTOSO Sitaresmi, Pradita Iustitia Supriyati, Vidia Ajeng Umi Salamah