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COMPARATIVE TEST OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ALCOHOL MIXTURE BASE HAND SANITIZER WITH CHLORHEXIDINE MIXTURE BASE ON ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SHIGELLA SONNEI BACTERIA rahmi, eldiza puji; Farida Muti, Annisa; Pradana, Dhinga Luthfiyani; Valentino, Mikhael; Cahyadi, Salwa Nisrina; Andini, Putri; Ferdian, Muhamad; Widjaja, Tiyon; Razan Fachrudin, Brooklyn; Nabila, Annisa Hasna; Wandira, Salsabilla Puteri; Marliah Saputri, Sirly; Azzahra, Khayla Shifa; Kusumaningrum, Alfina Aprilia; Shabrina, Cut Laila Nur; Nurjannah, Rabbiah Putri
Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 2 No 1 (2023): Vol.2 No.1 JUNE (2023)
Publisher : Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Medicine, UPN Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33533/jrpps.v2i1.7013

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hand sanitizer is a hand cleanser which is easy and practical in use. Using hand sanitizer can be an alternative for washing hands if in condition without water and soap. Hand sanitizer is used to clean pathogens on hands. The ability to kill pathogens in hand sanitizers is due to the active substance content in them. In this research, the effectiveness of 2 hand sanitizers on the market was tested. The test aims to see the effect of the active substances in each preparation on the effectiveness of killing pathogens. Testing was carried out using the Kirby Bauer method and on 2 bacterial media, namely Escherichia coli and Shigella sonnei. Hand sanitizer 1 has a composition consisting of 70% ethyl alcohol and 0.5% chlorhexidine. Hand sanitizer 2 has a composition consisting of 55% ethyl alcohol and 18% isopropyl alcohol with a total of 73% alcohol. Based on observations, it was found that hand sanitizer 1 was more effective than hand sanitizer 2. The chlorhexidine content in hand sanitizer 1 increased its effectiveness in killing pathogens.
Association between Hormonal Contraceptive Use and Hypertension Risk among Reproductive-Age Women: A Cross-sectional Study at Cileungsi Public Health Center, Indonesia Nafara Maharani Itamy, Defa; Rahmi, Eldiza Puji; Luthfiyani Citra Pradana, Dhigna; Farida Muti, Annisa
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/mf.v22i2.31400

Abstract

Hypertension remains a major public health problem that may be influenced by hormonal contraceptive use, particularly oral and injectable methods commonly used by women of reproductive age. These contraceptives have raised concerns about their potential impact on blood pressure regulation. This study aimed to investigate the association between hormonal contraceptive use and the occurrence of hypertension among women of reproductive age at the Cileungsi Public Health Centre, Bogor Regency, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 using retrospectively collected medical record data of all hormonal contraceptive users at the facility. Total sampling was applied, and data on contraceptive type, duration of use, age, parity, and the most recent blood pressure readings were analyzed. The chi-square test was employed to examine associations between hormonal contraceptive characteristics and hypertension, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The results revealed a significant association between contraceptive type and hypertension (p = 0.01, OR = 0.27), showing that users of oral contraceptive pills were more likely to develop hypertension than injectable users. Duration of use (p = 0.03, OR = 3.06), age (p = 0.04, OR = 0.12), and parity (p = 0.01, OR = 0.21) were also significantly associated with hypertension. Women aged ≥45 years, those with longer contraceptive use, and multiparous users exhibited a higher risk of elevated blood pressure. These findings highlight that both contraceptive-related and demographic factors contribute to hypertension risk among hormonal contraceptive users. Regular blood pressure monitoring and individualized counseling are essential, especially for oral and long-term users. This study contributes local evidence supporting safer contraceptive practices and cardiovascular risk management within primary healthcare settings.