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Detection Method for Escherichia coli Using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Targeting the yhaV Gene Nurjayadi, Muktiningsih; Fitriyanti, Anisa; Musie, Royna Rahma; Putri, Gusti Angieta; Azizah, Puan Aqila; Angelina, Helzi; Grace, Grace; Sihombing, Ananda Indah Putri; Setiawan, Agus; Declan, Jefferson Lynford; Putri, Gladys Indira; Juliansyah, Dandy Akbar; Fatimah, Siti; Berkahingrum, Ayu; Kartika, Irma Ratna; Kurniadewi, Fera; Saamia, Vira; Chen, Shyi-Tien; Aboemolak, Bassam; Enshasy, Hesham Ali El
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Escherichia coli is a foodborne pathogenic bacterium that can cause diarrhea, while yhaV is a virulence-associated gene linked to the toxin–antitoxin system in E. coli. This study was aimed at evaluating the confirmation, specificity, and sensitivity of a yhaV gene primer using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The yhaV-targeting PCR successfully amplified a DNA fragment with an amplicon length of 207 bp (base pairs) under an annealing temperature optimized to a range of 54 °C to 62 °C via gradient PCR. The PCR using the primer pair produced a consistent Ct (cycle threshold) of 14.14 ± 0.05 and showed a single peak in the melting curve at a Tm (melting temperature) of 83.67 °C ± 0.02. The specificity test indicated that the yhaV primer effectively distinguished E. coli from nontarget bacteria on the basis of differences in Ct and Tm values. The sensitivity analysis showed that the PCR directed toward the primer pair successfully detected E. coli at a minimum concentration of 2.24 pg/µL, with a Ct value of 29.93 and a detection limit of 31.5 × 102 CFU. These results suggest that yhaV-based real-time PCR quickly and accurately identifies E. coli. Primer designs that target yhaV have the potential to be developed as components of a rapid, specific, and sensitive kit for detecting E. coli in food samples.
Real-time PCR-based Detection of Foodborne Pathogen Cronobacter sakazakii DNA in Infant Formula Milk with Specific Targeting on the hfq Gene Nurjayadi, Muktiningsih; Juliansyah, Dandy Akbar; Declan, Jefferson Lynford; Putri, Gladys Indira; Krisdawati, Ismaya; Rahmawati, Atikah Nur; Azzahra, Maharanianska; Maulana, Irvan; Putri, Gusti Angieta; Kurniadewi, Fera; Kartika, Irma Ratna; Saamia, Vira; Wiranatha, I Made; Abomoelak, Bassam; El-Enshasy, Hesham Ali
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1597-1607

Abstract

Cronobacter sakazakii has been linked to cause meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis in infants and newborns, with case fatality rates ranging from 40 to 80%. The most common source of infection has been identified as Cronobacter sakazakii-contaminated infant formula. With a relatively specific target hfq gene, this study aims to develop a real-time PCR method to identify Cronobacter sakazakii in infant formula milk. Real-time PCR is used as a detection method because rt- PCR has higher specificity and sensitivity compared to conventional PCR methods. The real-time PCR method also has a higher level of effectiveness and time efficiency compared to conventional PCR. Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC 29544 genomic DNA was isolated and used in a real-time PCR assay. Cronobacter sakazakii DNA was amplified using a primer targeting the hfq gene, yielding a 145 bp amplicon. The results of the real-time PCR test showed that Cronobacter sakazakii DNA with a concentration of 53 ng/µL could be amplified by the primer pairs of hfq gene with Ct values of 11 respectively then had Tm values of 81.7°C±0.5. The specificity test showed that the hfq primer pairs could differentiate between the target and some non-target bacteria. The sensitivity test showed the ability of the primer to detect the smallest concentration of 3.392 pg/µL with a Ct of 26.16. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the hfq primer has the potential to be used as a fast detection method for Cronobacter sakazakii bacteria in infant formula using real-time PCR.