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All Journal World Nutrition Journal Journal of Indonesian Specialized Nutrition
Oktarina, Molly Dumakuri
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Raising Awareness on Children's Immunity and Cognitive Abilities: Nationwide Survey to Indonesian Parents Oktarina, Molly Dumakuri; Ibrahim, Ratih; Kinesya, Edwin; Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie; Wasito, Erika
Journal of Indonesian Specialized Nutrition Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Indonesian Specialized Nutrition
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/jisn.v1i4.20

Abstract

Early life nutrition influences the development of children's immunity and cognitive abilities. According to PISA 2018, only 29% of Indonesian students have a growth students that have growth mindset. The parent’s inability to understand and improve the multifactorial aspect of cognitive development pose risk to children's cognitive growth. To raise awareness among parents to strengthen their children’s cognitive and immunity through health education. Online survey with pretest and posttest, 4 questions each, distributed to Indonesian parents that attend online seminar about impact of children's immunity toward cognitive development. The data were further analyzed with t-test using SPSS. Survey of 334 participants shows that even before the intervention, Indonesian parents understand the relation between immune system and cognitive development in children thus showing no significant difference after intervention [p-value = 0.226]. However, they did not know how to observe or measure the cognitive score such as the 8 winning skills and growth mindset, also the nutrition needed to support cognitive abilities and immunity. The intervention prove a significant increase of parent's knowledge [Pre = 1.99 ± 0.83; Post = 3.08 ± 1.11; p-value = 0.000. Indonesian parents are aware that immunity affects cognitive growth of their children. However, there is still a lack of awareness or prior knowledge on cognitive measurement tools and components, and nutrition which is beneficial for immunity and cognitive growth.
Experts’ Opinion on Immunity and Nutrition to Support Key Cognitive Functions Sekartini, Rini; Surapsari, Juwalita; Oktarina, Molly Dumakuri; Wiguna, Tjhin; Pasiak, Taufiq Fredrik; Basrowi, Ray Wagiu; Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie; Wasito, Erika
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Special Issue : expert perspectives on the interconnections between immunity,
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0001

Abstract

The interaction of micronutrients and macronutrients has been shown to have a significant impact on children's cognitive development. Furthermore, proper nutrition helps a child's immune system avoid infection and disease, which can impair nutrient absorption and lead to deficiency. Microbiotas in the gut play critical roles in body physiology, including nutrient absorption, infection resistance and immune system development. Furthermore, it is known that the gut microbiota influences immune cell maturation. Finally, these three factors are thought to influence neurogenesis and cognitive development. A virtual meeting was held with five invited experts to gain a better understanding of the relationship between nutritional factors, the immune system and cognitive development.
Evidence on the importance of gut microbiota for the immune system Surapsari, Juwalita; Oktarina, Molly Dumakuri; Sundjaya, Tonny; Wasito, Erika
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Special Issue : expert perspectives on the interconnections between immunity,
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0002

Abstract

Vital to the health of the host is maintaining a delicate balance in the immune system by eliminating harmful pathogens while preserving self-tolerance to prevent autoimmunity. By regulating immune homeostasis, the gut microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract provides vital health benefits to its host. It has been demonstrated conclusively that dysbiosis of these gut microbial communities can cause immune dysregulation and autoimmunity. We attempt to examine the relationship between the gut microbiota and the regulation of the innate and adaptive immune homeostasis, which can influence the development of certain disease. This literature review of recently published research and newly discovered scientific information is intended to increase awareness of the importance of maintaining a microbiota balance in the gut for immune health of the host.
Immunity as key factors that influence cognitive development on children Oktarina, Molly Dumakuri; Sekartini, Rini; Wasito, Erika; Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie
World Nutrition Journal Vol. 6 No. S2 (2023): Special Issue : expert perspectives on the interconnections between immunity,
Publisher : Indonesian Nutrition Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25220/WNJ.V06.S2.0003

Abstract

Immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) of the fetus are essential for normal neurodevelopment. Innate immunity-related molecules, including cytokines, toll-like receptors and complement family, are known to be expressed in the brain. Microglia, macrophage-like immune cells that reside in the brain and spinal cord, constitute 80% of all immune cells in the brain, making them the most abundant immune cell type. Acquired immunity-related molecules, such as major histocompatibility complex and antibody receptor, are also known to be expressed in the brain. In addition to this, research has demonstrated that they play important functions in the development of the brain. Neurodevelopmental diseases, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, autism-like obsessive-compulsive behaviours and social impairment, are characterized by a disruption of a wide variety of processes in the developing brain that depend on the normal function of microglia. Enteric infections and malnutrition in the first two years of life are linked to later cognitive impairment. Multiple studies have shown that bacterial and viral illnesses have direct or indirect impacts on cognitive performance in children. The immune system is in constant communication with the central nervous system and participates in the control of behaviour and a range of other essential neurological activities throughout the lifespan.
Co-Authors Basrowi, Ray Wagiu Ibrahim, Ratih Kartjito, Melissa Stephanie Kinesya, Edwin Pasiak, Taufiq Fredrik Rini Sekartini Sundjaya, Tonny Surapsari, Juwalita Tjhin Wiguna Wasito, Erika