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Journal : Protech Biosystems Journal

The Effect Of Temperature And Humidity On Banana Sale Products In Various Types Of Packaging With Long Storage Time Aprilandani, Sinta; Tanggasari, Devi
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2022): Protech Biosystems Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v2i2.12861

Abstract

The drying process carried out in making banana sale will cause the moisture content in banana sale with various types of banana packaging is very influential, the storage of banana sale has decreased quality in terms of temperature, humidity and moisture content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of packaging method using (opp plastic, vacuum and jar) and storage duration on temperature, humidity and moisture content of banana sale. This study consisted of one factor, namely packaging using opp plastic, packaging using vacuum and packaging using jars. Duration of storage with 15 observations for 1 month every 2 days 1 observation (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, and 30) in a refrigerator temperature around 7˚C. Therefore, a method is needed to maintain the quality of banana sale during storage by applying packaging technology. Data were processed using a completely randomised design (CRD). Factorial with three repetitions, the parameters analysed were the effect of temperature, humidity and moisture content. The results showed that the storage of banana sale with various types of packaging for 1 month gave the best results on the use of packaging using vacuum type for the best storage for 1 month compared to the use of packaging types using opp plastic and jars.
Utilisation of Organic Waste as Bioethanol Raw Material with Variation of Yeast Concentration (Saccharomycess Cerevisiae) Lubis, Mhd Afnan Yogi; Tanggasari, Devi
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2024): Protech Biosystem Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v4i1.24971

Abstract

In the midst of demands to reduce dependence on fossil energy sources that are decreasing, this research was conducted as an effort to make bioethanol as an alternative energy source. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of yeast variation on pH and bioethanol content. This research was conducted using the method of Completely Randomised Design (CRD) factorial pattern involving one main factor, namely yeast variation with three replicates for each treatment. Parameters in this study are pH testing and bioethanol content. The best results of both peremeter is the best pH contained in the 3rd treatment with an average amount of 4.84, in testing the bioethanol content of the best value contained in the 3rd treatment with the amount of yeast 6 grams of ethanol content average 0.9%. It can be concluded that bioethanol content is influenced by yeast, distillation, and fermentation time. the higher the yeast, the higher the pH, alcohol density, and yield produced.
Analysis of Corn Productivity Using the Objective Matrix (OMAX) Method (Case Study of PT. Santosa Utama Lestari) Abqory, Muhammad Anis; Tanggasari, Devi
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2023): PROTECH BIOSYSTEM JOURNAL
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v3i2.21103

Abstract

Corn production at PT Santosa Utama Lestari has increased and decreased erratically, several factors can affect corn productivity such as the occurrence of downtime on machines, even in the rainy season sometimes corn production does not reach the production target. Productivity measurement can be done with several methods, one of which is the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of productivity in the production section at PT Santosa Utama Lestari and to provide recommendations for improving productivity in the production section of PT Santosa Utama Lestari. Productivity at PT Santosa Utama Lestari tends to fluctuate. The highest total productivity was achieved in April 2022 with a value of 1000, the lowest total productivity occurred in August 2022 with a value of 25. To improve productivity PT Santosa Utama Lestari needs to improve the quality and availability of raw materials, motivate workers and provide adequate rest time, carry out machine maintenance, and carry out supervision of the use of electricity. The improvement recommendations obtained are that the company needs to increase the amount of raw materials to 4890.01 tonnes, a workforce of 11 people, machine working hours 214.04 hours and 54.32 Kwh of electrical energy.
Analysis of macronutrient content macro nutrient content in organic fertiliser using fermented betel leaf extract Amrullah, Shafwan; Ariskanopitasari, Ariskanopitasari; Tanggasari, Devi; Rizaldi, Lalu Heri; Mikhratunnisa, Mikhratunnisa; Radiansyah, Adi; Harjito, Harjito
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2023): Protech Biosystems Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v3i1.15920

Abstract

The use of organic fertilizers in Indonesia is increasing, this is due to the scarcity of synthetic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers have their own challenges in terms of the concentration they contain. In addition, some organic materials that exist today are very abundant, so it needs to be used as organic fertilizer, one of which is betel leaf. However, betel leaf itself is an additional ingredient that can increase the existing nutrient content. In this study, analysis of the macro elements in organic fertilizers was carried out by adding variations in the amount of betel leaf raw material. The research was conducted using variations of betel leaf extract 2%, 4%, and 6%. The test analysis in this study was in the form of N, P, and K levels. The results showed that the highest N content was in the 4% betel leaf variation, which was 0.1%, the highest P content was in the 2% variation, which was 0.04%, and the highest K content was at 2% variation, namely 0.066%. From these results, it can be said that there was no significant effect of the addition of betel leaf extract on the macro-nutrient content of liquid organic fertilizer. 
Quality Properties Of Activated Charcoal Of Bidara Wood (Ziziphus Mauritiana) With The Addition Of ????? Solution Based On Activation Temperature Variation Azzahra, Naurah Fadillah; Tanggasari, Devi
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2024): Protech Biosystem Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v4i1.25068

Abstract

One of the materials that can be used to make activated charcoal is bidara wood. Bidara wood has a high carbon content and a good pore structure. In addition, bidara wood also contains several minerals such as calcium, potassium, and magnesium in small amounts. The content of these compounds and elements makes bidara wood very suitable to be used as a raw material for activated charcoal. One of the activation materials is an H3PO4 solution. In the activation process, bidara wood activated charcoal can improve its quality properties, such as surface area, pore volume, and adsorption capacity. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the effect of heating temperature variations on the quality properties of bidara wood activated charcoal using chemical activation with an H3PO4 solution. The experimental design used in this study is a Completely Randomized Design with one factor, which is the activation temperature (500, 600, and 700˚C). The results of the study showed that the use of H3PO4 solution at a temperature variation of 700˚C resulted in better properties for moisture content (5.41%), ash content (43.29%), and iodine adsorption capacity (4,737 mg/g) compared to the temperature variations of 500˚C and 600˚C.
Characteristics Of Briquettes From Tamarind Branch (Tamarindus indica) And Coconut Shell (Cocos nucifera) With Starch Adhesive Mulyadin, Muklis; Tanggasari, Devi
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2024): Protech Biosystem Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v4i2.25572

Abstract

Natural resources in Indonesia are very abundant, but there are still some that are not utilised properly so that they only become waste polluting the environment, one of which is acid wood. This waste can be innovated into briquettes. This study aims to identify the characteristics of briquettes from tamarind wood and coconut shells with starch adhesive, including moisture content, ash, volatile substances, bound carbon, and calorific value. This study uses a complete randomised design (CRD) as a tool to analyse significant data at the 0.05% level. Each concentration involves a variation of composition between tamarind wood charcoal and coconut shell charcoal, with additional starch adhesive in the ratio of 90%:10%, 45%:45%:10%, and 50%:40%:10%. Each sample will then be analysed for moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content, bound carbon content, and calorific value.  The results showed that the composition of the material mixture greatly affected the characteristics of the briquettes. The lowest average value of moisture content is at concentration P1 with a value of 1.69%, the lowest value in ash content is at concentration P1 with a value of 5.06%, the lowest volatile substance content is at concentration P1 with a value of 13.34%, the highest bound carbon is at concentration P3 with a value of 29.21% and the highest calorific value is at concentration P3 with a value of 6690 cal/gram. The characteristics that meet the SNI NO. 01/6235/2000 standards are only moisture content and calorific value, with the specified standards for moisture content <8% and calorific value >5,000. So from all five testing parameters of moisture content, ash content, volatile substance content, bound carbon content and calorific value, the best treatment was treatment P1 with 90% KA concentration: 10% adhesive.
Design of a Tray Dryer Machine Nasution, Syahwiranda; Tanggasari, Devi
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2024): Protech Biosystem Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v4i2.25570

Abstract

The Tray Dryer is one of the most widely used batch-type drying tools due to its simple design.  The configuration of the tray dryer consists of an arrangement of several racks with a convection drying system, where hot air is circulated onto the racks in a space to dry the products.  The tray dryer is capable of reducing the drying area dimensions and improving the contact of hot air with the material, making the drying process adjustable.  The purpose of this research is to understand how to determine the methods and design a tray dryer drying machine. The design of this tray dryer drying machine utilizes Solidworks software, comprising both structural and functional design. The temperature distribution of the tray dryer machine has the highest temperature on the top rack because the fan is less efficient in promoting temperature uniformity across each drying rack.  Thus, testing on the drying machine varies, where on the first rack, the temperature reaches 50°C, while on the second rack, it decreases to 49°C, and on the third rack, it is 45°C. This led to testing with the material of cherry leaf with an initial moisture content of 64.2%, obtaining moisture content after 90 minutes of drying on the first rack at 47.33%, on the second rack at 48.3%, and on the third rack at 53.6%.  So, in the testing process, different results are obtained for each rack.
Analysis of Briquette Characteristics with Variations in Raw Materials of Kapok Fruit Husk (Ceiba Pentandra) and Jatropha Fruit (Ceiba Pentandra) with Starch Adhesive Husdiana, Rani; Tanggasari, Devi; Nealma, Samuyus
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2025): Protech Biosystem Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v5i1.30014

Abstract

Natural resources in Indonesia are abundant, but some are not utilized properly, resulting in environmental pollution waste, such as kapok fruit husk and jatropha fruit. This waste can be innovatively processed into briquettes. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of briquettes made from kapok fruit husk and jatropha fruit using starch adhesive. An experimental method was used with variations in raw material composition: P1=(KK 45:BJ 45:PR 10), P2=(KK 60:BJ 30:PR 10), and P3=(KK 90:PR 10). The research design applied a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to analyze significant data at a 0.05% level. The results showed that the lowest average moisture content was at P2 with a value of 1.69%, the lowest ash content was at P2 with a value of 9.10%, the lowest volatile matter content was at P3 with a value of 84.46%, the highest fixed carbon content was at P2 with a value of 4.80%, and the highest calorific value was at P3 with a value of 9,478%. The characteristics that meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI No.1683-2021) are only moisture content and calorific value, with the standard requiring moisture content <8-10% and calorific value >6,000. These results indicate that briquettes can serve as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel with potential for further development.
Analysis of the chemical and physical properties of dried moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera l.) at different drying temperatures using a tray dryer machine Tanggasari, Devi; Nurfaidawati, Nurfaidawati; Jatnika, Ahmad Reza
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2023): PROTECH BIOSYSTEM JOURNAL
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v3i2.16486

Abstract

Moringa or (Moringa oleifera l.) is a very common plant in tropical and subtropical climates. West Nusa Tenggara is one of the areas with a relatively high level of drought, where the dry season is relatively longer than the rainy season. This affects the type and character of plants in the West Nusa Tenggara region in adapting to these climatic conditions. One of them is the moringa plant which easily adapts to hot weather and altitude above sea level. Moringa is a plant with various benefits, such as food, medicine, cosmetics, and others. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of different drying temperatures on the chemical and physical properties of dried Moringa leaves using a tray dryer. This study used a 1-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three temperature treatments for 2 hours of drying with three replications. The temperature treatments in the study were: 45°C, 50°C and 55°C for 2 hours. The research results from the analysis of the chemical properties of dried moringa leaves from the three temperature treatments can be seen that the effective temperature treatment at 55°C, namely: water content (21.67%), ash content (0.51%), protein content (19.43%). The results of the analysis of the physical properties of the color test using the Colorimeter application showed that the highest value was at 50°C with a value of (77.93) and the organoleptic test of the panelist's preference level for the texture of dried Moringa leaves was seen at 55°C with a value of (4.08).
EFFECT OF GLYCEROL CONCENTRATION VARIATIONS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EDIBLE FILM MADE FROM KEPOK BANANA (Musa Paradisiaca) PEEL Safika, Nur Nik; Tanggasari, Devi
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2025): Protech Biosytem Journal (Desember)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v5i2.35389

Abstract

The increasing accumulation of synthetic plastic waste has become a major environmental concern, necessitating the development of environmentally friendly packaging alternatives, such as edible films. This approach contributes to the advancement of sustainable food packaging while simultaneously enhancing the value of agro-industrial waste. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of different glycerol concentrations on the characteristics of edible films produced from kepok banana peels and agar. The parameters evaluated included moisture content, thickness, yield, and color. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three glycerol concentration treatments (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%), each performed in triplicate. The results showed that glycerol addition significantly affected the moisture content, yield, and color of the Edible films, but had no significant effect on thickness. A glycerol concentration of 1% produced the best results, characterized by optimal moisture content and flexibility, high yield, and brighter color. This study demonstrates that the utilization of kepok banana peel waste in Edible film production has strong potential as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional plastic packaging.