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Hubungan Morfologi dan Kekuatan Otot Quadriceps Femoris dengan Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome pada Olahragawan Ni Putu Diah Asyana Putri; I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya; I Gede Eka Juli Prasana; Govinda Vittala
KOLONI Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): JUNI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/koloni.v5i2.897

Abstract

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome is a clinical condition characterized by anterior knee pain that commonly occurs in athletes. The development of PFPS is multifactorial, one of which is weakness of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Specifically, atrophy of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) muscle may also contribute to knee instability, which is associated with a greater risk of sports-related injuries. This study aimed to determine the relationship between quadriceps femoris muscle morphology, muscle strength, and PFPS in athletes. This study employed a cross-sectional design involving 74 athletes aged 16–22 years selected through purposive sampling. Muscle morphology was assessed by measuring the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the VMO using musculoskeletal ultrasonography. Muscle strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer, while PFPS was identified using the Kujala Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman’s rho bivariate test.The results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between VMO CSA morphology and Kujala scores (r = 0.24; p = 0.040), as well as between VMO CSA morphology and quadriceps femoris muscle strength (r = 0.30; p = 0.011). However, no significant correlation was found between quadriceps femoris muscle strength and Kujala scores (r = 0.22; p = 0.061). The morphology of the VMO muscle was significantly associated with the incidence of PFPS and quadriceps femoris muscle strength in athletes. These findings support the use of VMO CSA symmetry monitoring as part of early PFPS risk screening and emphasize the importance of a multisegmental approach in PFPS prevention programs for athletes.
Perbandingan Kemampuan Problem Solving pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Antara Stimulasi Bermain Terstruktur dan Bermain Bebas di Kota Denpasar Sindy Firdaus; I Gede Eka Juli Prasana; Indah Pramita; Sayu Aryantari Putri Thanaya
KOLONI Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): JUNI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/koloni.v5i2.914

Abstract

 Problem-solving ability is a part of cognitive development that plays an important role in children’s ability to think, understand, and solve simple problems according to their developmental stage. Technological advancement has led to increased gadget use among early childhood children, which may reduce play activities and potentially result in suboptimal cognitive development, including problem-solving abilities. Children aged 4–5 years are in the early preschool phase, a crucial period in development, where appropriate play stimulation is needed to support cognitive growth. Structured play stimulation provides goal-directed activities aligned with developmental objectives, while free play allows children to explore independently. Objective: This study aimed to compare problem-solving abilities among children aged 4–5 years who received structured play stimulation and those who engaged in free play activities in Denpasar City. Methods: This study used an analytical observational design with a comparative cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 140 children aged 4–5 years divided into two groups using purposive sampling technique. Problem-solving ability was measured using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3) problem-solving domain, while the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) was used as a control variable. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Results: A significant difference in problem-solving ability was found between the structured play group and the free play group (p=0.003), with the structured play group showing a higher mean rank (78.69) compared to the free play group (62.31). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in problem-solving ability among children aged 4–5 years between the structured play group and the free play group. Structured play stimulation demonstrated better outcomes in supporting problem-solving abilities among preschool-aged children.
Hubungan Tinggi Badan terhadap Fungsional Bahu pada Pitcher Baseball di Bali Januardha Valerio Itta; I Gede Eka Juli Prasana; Ni Luh Nopi Andayani; Anak Agung Gede Angga Puspa Negara
KOLONI Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): JUNI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/koloni.v5i2.917

Abstract

Baseball pitchers are overhead athletes at high risk of shoulder dysfunction due to repetitive pitching movements with high biomechanical loads. Height can help increase a pitcher's throwing velocity but is also thought to contribute to increased mechanical loads on the shoulder during pitching through increased arm length, stride length, and shoulder torque. However, the relationship between height and shoulder function in baseball pitchers remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the relationship between height and shoulder function in baseball pitchers in Bali. The study used a cross-sectional design with 100 baseball pitchers aged 15–25 years selected by purposive sampling. Height was measured using a stadiometer, while shoulder function was measured using the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic (KJOC) Score questionnaire. Statistical analysis used the Spearman's rho bivariate test. A significant negative relationship was found between height and KJOC score (r=-0.119 and p=0.240). These findings indicate that height has no significant relationship to shoulder function in baseball pitchers in Bali. Shoulder function is thought to be more influenced by other factors such as pitching biomechanics, neuromuscular control, muscle strength, and adaptation to repetitive pitching activity.