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PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PARA PIHAK ATAS DIBUATNYA AKTA KUASA MENJUAL YANG DIBUAT DIHADAPAN NOTARIS DALAM PERJANJIAN UTANG PIUTANG Noviana Indah Permata Fani Setiadi; Yuhelson; Putra Hutomo
SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 1 No. 11 (2024): SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, November 2024
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/ehkt8287

Lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Hak Tanggungan ditujukan untuk menggantikan kedudukan hypotek dan creditverband serta menjamin adanya kepastian hukum bagi para pihak akan pelunasan utangnya. Namun demikian masih saja pembuatan Akta Kuasa Menjual digunakan sebagai dasar peralihan hak milik atas tanah. Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah akibat hukum atas dibuatnya akta kuasa menjual yang dibuat dihadapan notaris dalam perjanjian utang piutang dan Bagaimanakah perlindungan hukum para pihak atas dibuatnya akta kuasa menjual tersebut. Adapun teori yang peneliti gunakan adalah Teori Perlindungan Hukum dari Philipus M. Hadjon dan Teori Akibat Hukum dari R. Soeroso. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan jenis penelitian normatif ysitu penelitian hukum kepustakaan atau data sekunder dengan sumber bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Adapun pendekatan penelitian yang dipergunakan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan analitis dan teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi aturan hukum positif, literatur buku, jurnal dan sumber bahan hukum lainnya. Untuk teknik analisa bahan hukum dilakukan dengan penafsiran gramatikan, penafsiran sistematis. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa kuasa menjual melanggar unsur objektif syarat sah perjanjian Pasal 1320 huruf d KUHPerdata tentang sebab yang halal sehingga berakibat batal demi hukum. Kuasa menjual tidak memberikan perlindungan hukum sama sekali kepada para pihak karena tidak memiliki kekuatan eksekutorial. Perlindungan hukum para pihak telah diatur dengan menggunakan lembaga jaminan sebagaimana Pasal 6, Pasal 14 dan Pasal 20 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan. Notaris/PPAT yang terbukti membuatkan kuasa menjual dapat dituntut dengan Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata yaitu Perbuatan Melawan Hukum.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM HAK GUNA BANGUNAN YANG TELAH BERAKHIR TERKAIT DENGAN SENGKETA PEWARISAN Aldo Pratama Amry; Yuhelson, Yuhelson; Putra Hutomo
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 10: Maret 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53625/jirk.v4i10.9899

Conflicts and legal issues that arise due to the end of HGB and disputes between heirs. The formulation of the problem of this research is how the legal regulation of HGB that has ended and how the legal certainty of HGB that has ended is related to inheritance rights disputes. The theories used are the theory of legal certainty and the theory of dispute resolution.The method used in this research uses normative legal research, namely library legal research or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary legal material sources. The research approach used is a statutory, conceptual, case and analytical approach with legal material collection techniques by identifying and inventorying positive legal regulations, book literature, journals and other legal material sources with legal material analysis techniques carried out with grammatical, systematic interpretation and analogy construction.From the research, it can be concluded that Building Use Rights (HGB) are one form of land rights regulated in the UUPA, PP Number 18 of 2021, and Presidential Decree Number 32 of 1979. HGB that has expired can be extended with priority given to former HGB holders or legal heirs, as long as they meet requirements such as land use, spatial suitability, and legal documents. If not extended, the land will return to the state. In the context of inheritance, expired HGB can cause disputes. To ensure legal certainty, land registration is very important. Dispute resolution can be carried out through deliberation, mediation, or court, with legally binding decisions based on the principle of certainty.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM KANTOR PERTANAHAN ATAS TUMPANG TINDIH SERTIPIKAT HAK ATAS TANAH DALAM PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIS LENGKAP Yuskar Rakhmatika; Putra Hutomo; Felicitas Sri Marniati
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 11: April 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Article 2 paragraph (2) ATR/BPN Ministerial Regulation No. 6 of 2018 states that PTSL aims to increase legal certainty and protection for land, make it easier for people to process land certificates, and prevent land disputes. However, in practice, land title certificates overlap, where land that already has legal proof of ownership is instead registered in the name of another party. The problem formulation in this research is: What are the legal consequences of overlapping land title certificates in complete systematic land registration? and what is the legal responsibility of the land office for overlapping land title certificates in complete systematic land registration? Theory of Legal Consequences according to R. Soeroso and theory of legal responsibility according to Hans Kelsen.The method used in this research is normative juridical research, which relies on library materials or secondary data derived from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. The research approach employed includes statutory, conceptual, analytical, and case-based approaches. Legal materials are collected by identifying and compiling positive legal regulations, literature from books, journals, and other legal sources. The analysis of legal materials is conducted through systematic, grammatical, and analogical legal interpretation.The research results show that the legal consequence of overlapping land title certificates in complete systematic land registration is that the certificates become administratively defective. This happens because there is more than one legal status for one piece of land. Even though a land certificate is strong evidence, the certificate is not absolute and can be canceled if there is evidence showing that the issuance of the certificate did not comply with procedures or there was an error in the transfer of rights. Thus, parties who are disadvantaged by the issuance of overlapping certificates in the complete systematic land registration can request the cancellation of the issuance of administratively defective certificates through the State Administrative Court. The legal responsibility of the Land Office for overlapping land title certificates in a complete systematic land registration is that the Land Office is absolutely responsible for overlapping land title certificates in a complete systematic land registration. In this case, the Land Office is obliged to resolve disputes that arise due to errors in issuing overlapping certificates, in accordance with court decisions. The Land Office is also required to revoke and delete certificates with administrative defects from the land book and pay court costs arising from the dispute.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM AKIBAT MODAL YANG TIDAK DISETOR OLEH PEMEGANG SAHAM SETELAH PENDIRIAN PERSEROAN TERBATAS Shanti Puruhita; Putra Hutomo; Taqiyuddin Kadir
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 11: April 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Based on Article 1 number 1 of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, we can see that shares are part of the Company's authorized capital where the founders of the company who deposit capital into the Company's cash when the PT was first established can also be referred to as shareholders. Provisions on the method of transferring rights to shares are generally submitted by the UUPT to the Articles of Association, unless otherwise specified by the UUPT. The transfer of rights to shares can be carried out by a deed of transfer of rights, either in the form of a deed made before a notary or a deed made privately so that it is clear that the UUPT only recognizes registered shares as in Article 48 of the UUPT which states that the company's shares are issued in the name of their owner, but in its implementation there are still many shareholders who do not attach proof of depositing capital into the company. The formulation of the problem in this study is what are the legal consequences of not depositing paid-in capital in a closed limited liability company and what is the legal certainty of shareholders of the company who do not deposit capital. The legal theory used in this study is the theory of legal consequences and the theory of legal certainty.The method used in this study is a normative legal research type, namely legal research conducted by examining library materials or secondary data only. The research approaches used are the Statutory Approach, Conceptual Approach, Analytical Approach, Case Approach and Data collection techniques are carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, examining library materials, and other sources of legal materials. For the Legal Material Analysis Technique using grammatical interpretation, historical interpretation, systematic interpretation, and legal construction methods.The results of this study indicate that shareholders who do not deposit capital into the company are considered to have violated Article 33 of the Limited Liability Company Law, so that their shareholder status can be revoked because they have not fulfilled their civil obligations so that they cannot be declared shareholders. As a result, these shareholders do not have the right to attend the GMS, vote, or receive dividends and remaining business results, and can be considered to have committed a breach of contract and an unlawful act, to avoid the risk in question, shareholders should carry out the obligation to deposit paid-in capital in the Company and this can be regulated more firmly in the Law so that a revision of the Limited Liability Company Law is needed.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMEGANG SAHAM MINORITAS DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN RAPAT UMUM PEMEGANG SAHAM (RUPS) DALAM PERSEROAN TERBATAS Rasheldy Putri Adiwinata; Putra Hutomo; Yuliana Setiadi
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 11: April 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Based on Article 1 number 1 of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, shares are part of the company's authorized capital where the founders of the company who deposit capital into the company's cash when the PT was first established can also be referred to as shareholders. As a business entity that has legal status, a limited liability company has organs that play a role in carrying out activities in law, one of which is the GMS. The GMS is a forum consisting of the company's shareholders, where the GMS acts as a liaison between the majority and minority shareholders with the company, but in practice many decisions taken by the majority in the GMS are considered not always fair to minority shareholders so that the interests of the minority are less considered. such as case examples In the decision of case number 217 PK/Pdt/2014, the decision of the high court number 477/PDT/2017/PT.BDG and the case study of PT INDOSAT TBK and PT H 3 I. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the legal consequences of not including minority shareholders in the implementation of the GMS and legal protection for minority shareholders in the implementation of the GMS. The legal theory used in this study is the theory of legal consequences and the theory of legal protection.The method used in this study is a normative legal research type, namely legal research conducted by examining library materials or secondary data only. The research approaches used are the Statutory Approach, Conceptual Approach, Analytical Approach, Case Approach and Data collection techniques are carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, examining library materials, and other sources of legal materials. For the Legal Material Analysis Technique using grammatical interpretation, historical interpretation, systematic interpretation, and legal construction methods.The results of this study are that the legal consequences of not including shareholders in the GMS are that shareholders can file a derivative lawsuit to the Court as stipulated in Article 61 paragraph (1) of the PT Law. This is in line with R. Soeroso's legal theory, which states that in essence the legal consequences are the impacts caused by an act or legal action on the rights and obligations of the parties and legal protection for minority shareholders is regulated in Article 61 paragraph (1) of the PT Law which in essence emphasizes that shareholders may file a lawsuit, while the lawsuit in question is a derivative lawsuit on the condition that there is a GMS decision that is detrimental to the company, the plaintiff has a minimum of 10% of shares. The suggestion in this study is that minority shareholders at the time of the establishment of the company should pay attention to matters relating to the company's finances included in the Articles of Association so that minority shareholders have a legal basis and to the Government to make government regulations relating to legal protection for minority shareholders, namely regulations regarding the formation of a special dispute council regulating Limited Liability Companies.

TANGGUNG JAWAB NOTARIS DALAM PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE MAPS UNTUK PENCANTUMAN ALAMAT KANTOR SEBAGAI PROMOSI SECARA TIDAK LANGSUNG DITINJAU BERDASARKAN KODE ETIK NOTARIS Pandi Septiawan; Putra Hutomo; Yuliana Setiadi
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 11: April 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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In article 3 paragraphs (8) and paragraph (9) of the Notary Code of Ethics, it is stated that in carrying out their office, notaries are required to have an office and put up a name plate with the aim of making it easier for people who need the services of the notary. With advances in technology, not a few notaries also have office addresses listed digitally, usually using the Google Maps application. The problem formulation in this research is how the position of the notary's office address on Google Maps as a form of promotion is indirectly reviewed based on the notary's code of ethics and what the notary's legal responsibilities are for the office address listed on Google Maps. The theories used in this research are the Technology Utilization Theory according to Haag & Ken and the Legal Responsibility Theory according to Hans Kelsen.The method used in this research is a type of normative juridical legal research, namely secondary data research or law literature only supported by interviews. The research approaches used are the statutory approach, conceptual approach, analytical approach and case approach. The technique for collecting legal materials is carried out by identifying and investing in positive legal rules, researching library materials (books, scientific journals, research reports), and other sources of legal materials that are relevant to the legal issues being studied. The legal materials that have been collected are then classified, selected and ensured that they do not conflict with each other, to facilitate legal analysis and construction.From the research results, it can be concluded that notaries are also required to carry out everything in their official duties guided by their professional code of ethics. Therefore, the notary's actions in using Google Maps can be assessed as an action with a motive to promote himself indirectly.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI NOTARIS AKIBAT PEMALSUAN SALINAN AKTA NOTARIS YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH PIHAK LAIN YANG BUKAN PENGHADAP Asty Lestari Pratama Putri; Putra Hutomo; Hedwig Adianto Mau
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 11: April 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Notaries as public officials are authorized to assist the goverment in terms of making an authentic deeds. Each notaries responsible for every deeds that been made, either in the form fo minutes of deeds or copies of notarial deeds. In carrying the duties as notaries, they have rights to be under protection of law from goverment and related organization. Research problems in this study are to see what are legal concequences of forged copies of notarial deeds by other parties who are not the parties? And what are the legal protection for notaries against forged copies of notarial deeds by other parties who are not the parties? This study, using theory of protection law by Satjipto Rahardjo and theory of legal consequences by Soeroso.Method in this study uses Types of Normative Juridical Research that is a literature legal research or secondary data with primary, secondary, tertiary legal material resource. As for the approach of this study uses Legislative Approach, Conceptual Approach, Analytical Approach, and Case Approach. And collection of the legal material done by identifies and inventories positive rule of law, literature, journal, and other legal material. As for analysis technique for legal material done by Grammatical law interpretation and analogical law construction method.The result of this study shows that consequences of legal for forged copies of notarial deeds by other parties who are not parties are, the notarial deeds still bind for every parties and is a protection for notaries. Things that can be done by notaries are to include an exoneration clause in the contents of the notarial deeds to mitigate problem in the future. It is suggested that notaries could be more cautious in publishing copy of deeds and keeps digitalized copy of deeds to avoid forgery.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM PEMBAGIAN ROYALTI BAGI PENCIPTA LAGU PASKA BERLAKUNYA PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 56 TAHUN 2021 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN ROYALTI HAK CIPTA LAGU DAN/ATAU MUSIK OLEH LEMBAGA MANAJEMEN KOLEKTIF NASIONAL Igor Renjana Purwadi; Wira Franciska; Putra Hutomo
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 1: Juni 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Indonesia telah memberlakukan UUHC 2014 sebagai bentuk pengkinian dari UUHC terdahulu, berdasarkan UUHC 2014 terdapat beberapa ketentuan mengenai manajemen terhadap royalti, khususnya royalti atas penggunaan lagu dan/atau musik melalui LMK, dimana kemudian pengelolaan royalti atas hak cipta lagu dan/atau musik kembali diatur dalam PP Royalti dan Permenkumham Royalti, melalui kedua peraturan pada tingkat eksekutif ini turut dibentuk LMKN. Hak Cipta di Indonesia sendiri hingga saat ini masih terdapat beberapa isu yang masih belum cukup mendapatkan atensi secara optimal mulai dari isu pembajakan atas karya cipta, tidak dibayarkannya royalti, termasuk belum optimalnya pengelolaan dalam royalti. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif berupa bahan hukum kepustakaan atau data sekunder dengan sumber bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Adapun pendekatan penelitian yang dipergunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, analitis dan kasus serta teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi aturan hukum positif, literatur buku, jurnal dan sumber bahan hukum lainnya. Untuk teknik analisa bahan hukum dilakukan dengan penafsiran sistematis dan gramatikal serta konstruksi analogi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan ketentuan dalam UUHC PP Royalti, dan Permenkumham Royalti pengelolaan royalti di Indonesia melibatkan beberapa pihak, dimana penarikan/pemungutan royalti dilakukan oleh LMKN selaku lembaga bentukan pemerintah, untuk kemudian diserahkan kepada LMK dan kemudian diserahkan kepada para pencipta lagu dan/atau musik, sementara pemerintah sendiri turut menjadi pihak yang bertindak untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap proses pengelolaan royalti atas lagu dan/atau musik. Pada sisi lain terdapat isu yang menjadi perhatian berdasarkan pada sudut pandang pencipta lagu dan/atau musik, dimana hingga saat ini masih terdapat hal yang tidak transparan dalam pengelolaan royalti lagu dan/atau musik, hal ini kemudian memunculkan adanya ketidakpercayaan dari cukup banyak pencipta lagu dan/atau musik terkait dengan pengelolaan royalti yang dilakukan di Indonesia, hal ini menimbulkan kondisi sumir dalam pengelolaan royalti yang merupakan hak dari para pencipta lagu dan/atau musik sehingga kepastian hukum dalam penarikan hingga distribusi royalti berada dalam kondisi yang tidak jelas. Terdapat urgensi mengenai penegasan peranan lembaga pemungutan royalti, perhatian pada pengguna royalti skala menengah ke atas, dan optimalisasi PDLM serta SLIM, di sisi lain pemerintah perlu bertindak sebagai penengah antara pencipta lagu, LMK, dan LMKN melalui musyawarah, dengan transparansi royalti dan optimalisasi PDLM/SLIM untuk memecahkan polemik, memastikan kepastian hukum dan memudahkan pencocokan royalti.

TANGGUNG JAWAB KANTOR JASA PENILAI PUBLIK (KJPP) DALAM MELAKUKAN APPRAISAL (PENILAIAN) ATAS JAMINAN YANG DIGUGAT OLEH KREDITUR Anindito, Adhitya; Arief Wibisono; Putra Hutomo
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 3: Agustus 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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The role of Public Appraisal Firms (Kantor Jasa Penilai Publik/KJPP) in the financial sector, particularly in the valuation of collateral during the credit approval process, is crucial to ensure that the value of the collateralized asset aligns with financing requirements. Appraisals conducted by KJPP must be carried out professionally, objectively, and in accordance with the Indonesian Valuation Standards (Standar Penilaian Indonesia/SPI) and the Indonesian Code of Ethics for Appraisers (Kode Etik Penilai Indonesia/KEPI). However, in practice, legal disputes often arise when creditors feel aggrieved by the valuation results, even though KJPP is, from a legal standpoint, only responsible to the party that formally commissioned the appraisal. This research seeks to answer two main questions: How are the legal implications for creditors regarding the results of collateral appraisals conducted by Public Appraisal Firms (KJPP)? and How is the extent of legal responsibility borne by KJPP in the execution of collateral appraisals? The theoretical framework for this study is grounded in the theory of legal responsibility as articulated by Abdulkadir Muhammad and the theory of collateral law as developed by J. Satrio. The methodology employed is normative juridical research based on legal literature or secondary data, including primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research approach integrates statutory, conceptual, analytical, and case-based methods. Legal materials were collected by identifying and cataloguing positive legal norms, academic literature, journal articles, and other legal sources. The data were analyzed using systematic and grammatical interpretation, along with analogical legal construction. The findings of this study indicate that KJPP bears legal responsibility solely to the party that lawfully commissions the appraisal and is explicitly designated as the report user in the engagement documentation. As such, creditors who are not directly involved in the appointment of the KJPP lack the legal standing to bring claims. The legal consequences for creditors stemming from appraisal results are limited, except in instances where a valid legal relationship exists and negligence on the part of KJPP can be demonstrably proven. Furthermore, the legal liability of KJPP is limited, proportional, and enforceable only by parties contractually bound to the appraisal engagement, provided that KJPP has performed its duties in accordance with SPI and KEPI. Therefore, in order to achieve legal certainty, all parties intending to rely on the appraisal report—especially creditors—must be formally included in the appraisal engagement and clearly identified as report users.

TANGGUNG JAWAB NOTARIS DALAM PEMBUATAN AKTA PERJANJIAN PENGIKATAN JUAL BELI TANAH YANG MENGATUR KLAUSUL JUAL BELI DENGAN HAK MEMBELI KEMBALI Novena, Elisabeth; Maryano, Maryano; Putra Hutomo
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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A notary holds an essential role in drafting the Land Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (PPJB). Issues arise regarding the buy back clause as regulated in the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata). De facto, this clause is no longer relevant following the enactment of the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA). In practice, it is found that notaries sometimes prepare PPJBs whose provisions contradict agrarian law principles and are disguised as loan agreements. This research examines two main issues: (1) What are the legal consequences of a PPJB deed that regulates a sale and purchase agreement with a buy-back clause? (2) What are the responsibilities of a notary in drafting a PPJB deed that includes a sale and purchase agreement with a buy back clause? The analysis in this research employs the Theory of Legal Consequences by R. Soeroso and the Theory of Legal Responsibility by Hans Kelsen. The method used in this research is normative juridical research, especially Library Law research or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary sources of law. The research approaches used include legislative approaches, case studies, conceptual, and analytical methodologies. And the method of collecting such legal materials is carried out by identifying and inventorying positive law, journals and other sources of law. The method used in analyzing the material of grammatical laws and systematic interpretation. The research findings indicate that a Land Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (PPJB) containing a buy back clause is null and void by law, as it contradicts agrarian law and is misused as a loan agreement A notary who fails to ensure the conformity of the deed with the actual facts may be held administratively and civilly liable under the Articles 84 and 85 of Indonesian Notary Law (UUJN). Therefore, notaries are obliged to provide legal counseling and exercise due diligence to prevent the misuse of PPJB, and regulators should amend Article 17 of the UUJN concerning the prohibition for notaries, specifically prohibiting notaries from drafting a PPJB of land with a buy-back clause.

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