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Recitation of Moving the Body and Erecting a Tomb Cupola: The Independence of Habib Salim's Religious Criticism in the Al-Ibānah Manuscript Abror, Muhamad; Misbachul Islam, Adib
ISLAM NUSANTARA:Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Islam Nusantara Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture
Publisher : Faculty of Islam Nusantara University of Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia (UNUSIA) Jakarta.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47776/islamnusantara.v5i2.1096

This research aims to examine the independence of Habib Salim bin Jindan (1906-1969) in responding to religious practices in Indonesia in the 20th Century, particularly regarding the legality of bodily movements during dhikr and the permissibility of constructing tomb structures. One religious issue of the 20th Century was the religious criticism involving two groups of Muslims: the traditionalists and the modernists. The traditionalist camp was considered more accommodating towards existing religious practices, whereas the modernist Muslims took a contrasting stance. To date, studies on this issue have primarily focused on the two critical typologies: traditionalists and modernists. Traditionalist Muslims, based on Imam Shāfi’i’s concept, categorize innovations (bid‘ah) into two types: good and bad. In contrast, modernist Muslims, following Imam Mālik’s concept, regard all forms of bid‘ah as harmful, with those who practice it destined for punishment in hell. In his work al-Ibānah fī Tārīkh al-Sunnah, Habib Salim conducts independent religious criticism, without aligning with either the traditionalist or modernist paradigms. This article is a qualitative study employing a literature review, with philological and socio-intellectual approaches relevant to the Indonesian context in the 20th century. The research uncovers several findings. First, modernist Muslims tend to be rigid and strict in responding to religious practices within society, while traditionalist Muslims are more accommodating. Second, Habib Salim, as a scholar from the traditionalist circle, was critical of certain religious practices. Third, this ḥadramī figure developed an independent theory of bid‘ah criticism, meaning he did not follow the ideological currents of either traditionalist or modernist Muslims. Fourth, this neutral stance allowed Habib Salim to adopt a more moderate perspective when addressing differences of opinion.

Masjid Az-Zikra Sentul: Transformasi dari Eco-Masjid ke Eco-Sosial: Az-Zikra Sentul Mosque: Transformation from Eco-Mosque to Eco-Social Suwendi; Abror, Muhamad
Jurnal Bimas Islam Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Bimas Islam
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Bimbingan Masyarakat Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37302/jbi.v17i2.1385

Mosques are not only places of worship, but also serve as centers of education and social change. Given the increasing environmental challenges, mosques have an important role in raising ecological awareness. This study examines the implementation of eco-friendly principles at Az-Zikra Mosque in Sentul, Bogor, during the period of Khotib Kholil Foundation Chairman (2016-2022), as well as its role in educating the community about environmental conservation. Through qualitative research involving interviews, observations, and documentation, this study explores various environmentally friendly initiatives at the mosque, which include maximizing water usage, bioclimatic architectural design of mosque buildings, utilization of biogas, waste management with incineration technology, urban green space management, and plastic bottle waste alms movement. Research informants include mosque administrators, worshipers, volunteers, and the surrounding community. Using Elinor Ostrom's Theory of Co-management of Natural Resources (Commons Management), this study proves that Az-Zikra Mosque not only successfully implements ecological practices efficiently with evidence of successfully applying the concept of eco-mosque according to Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI) standards, but is also able to make ecological activities at the mosque an effective medium of ecological education to the local community by involving them directly in environmentally conscious activities. The research findings show that mosques are able to apply a holistic approach to sustainability by optimizing natural resources, providing ecological education, and integrating environmental awareness with spiritual values. Research recommendations include increasing collaboration between mosques and communities, strengthening partnerships with government and the private sector, encouraging other mosques to adopt environmentally friendly practices, developing religious education modules that integrate ecological awareness, and creating an evaluation system to measure the impact of mosque environmental initiatives on an ongoing basis.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PEMASARAN USAHA NASI BEBEK IBU BUDI DI PANGKALPINANG Alfani, Fauza; Agustini, Putri Trisa; Abror, Muhamad; Noviyanti, Indah
FIDUSIA : JURNAL KEUANGAN DAN PERBANKAN Vol 7, No 2 (2024): NOVEMBER
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH METRO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/jf.v7i2.2289

Di tengah persaingan yang semakin ketat dalam pasar kuliner lokal, usaha nasi bebek Ibu Budi di Pangkalpinang menemukan dirinya menghadapi berbagai tantangan dalam memasarkan produknya. Rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat tentang produk, persaingan yang ketat dengan warung makan lain, dan stereotip negatif tentang konsumsi daging bebek merupakan beberapa di antaranya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merumuskan strategi pengembangan pemasaran yang efektif untuk usaha nasi bebek Ibu Budi di Pangkalpinang. Strategi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan visibilitas, daya tarik, dan keberlanjutan usaha dalam pasar kuliner yang kompetitif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara langsung dengan pemilik usaha serta observasi langsung terhadap operasional usaha. Data dari wawancara dan observasi dianalisis untuk mengidentifikasi tantangan, keunggulan produk, dan strategi pemasaran yang telah dan dapat diterapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha nasi bebek Ibu Budi memiliki kekuatan dalam kualitas rasa dan promosi merek yang baik, namun juga terdapat beberapa area yang memerlukan perhatian lebih, seperti kebersihan, kenyamanan tempat duduk, dan variasi menu. Dengan mempertimbangkan hasil observasi dan wawancara, serta merumuskan strategi pemasaran yang tepat, usaha ini memiliki potensi untuk berkembang dan bersaing di pasar kuliner lokal dengan lebih efektif.

Tipologi Fatwa Kentongan: Studi Naskah Ḥukm al-Nāqūs Abror, Muhamad; Nasrulloh, Sibli
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 11, No 1 (2025): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v11i1.2624

In the early twentieth century, Traditionalist and Reformist Muslims in Indonesia often held conflicting views on religious traditions. However, the manuscript Ḥukm al-Nāqūs reveals a notable exception: in the case of the kentongan (wooden slit drum), both camps arrived at the same legal conclusion despite their divergent ideological frameworks. This study aims to examine the similarities and differences in istidlāl (legal reasoning) employed by the two groups in responding to religious rituals that have undergone acculturation with local culture, particularly the use of the kentongan as a call to prayer. Employing a qualitative, library-based research methodology, the study draws on the primary source of the Ḥukm al-Nāqūs fatwa manuscript, held in the Langitan Islamic Boarding School, Tuban, along with relevant secondary literature from early twentieth-century Islamic discourse. The research adopts a philological approach enriched by intertextual analysis, socio-intellectual history, and Islamic legal hermeneutics. The findings demonstrate that while Traditionalists anchor their legal reasoning in the authority of classical scholars, and Reformists prioritize direct reference to the Qur’an and Hadith, both may reach similar legal verdicts under specific conditions. This convergence suggests that ideological common ground can emerge when both traditions are oriented toward primary Islamic texts. The study contributes a novel analytical typology of fatwas through the lens of a single local manuscript, highlighting an unexpected legal convergence between two competing streams of Islamic thought in early twentieth-century Indonesia.

Recitation of Moving the Body and Erecting a Tomb Cupola: The Independence of Habib Salim's Religious Criticism in the Al-Ibānah Manuscript Abror, Muhamad; Misbachul Islam, Adib
Islam Nusantara: Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Islam Nusantara Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture
Publisher : Faculty of Islam Nusantara, Nahdlatul Ulama University of Indonesia (Unusia) Jakarta.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47776/islamnusantara.v5i2.1096

This research aims to examine the independence of Habib Salim bin Jindan (1906-1969) in responding to religious practices in Indonesia in the 20th Century, particularly regarding the legality of bodily movements during dhikr and the permissibility of constructing tomb structures. One religious issue of the 20th Century was the religious criticism involving two groups of Muslims: the traditionalists and the modernists. The traditionalist camp was considered more accommodating towards existing religious practices, whereas the modernist Muslims took a contrasting stance. To date, studies on this issue have primarily focused on the two critical typologies: traditionalists and modernists. Traditionalist Muslims, based on Imam Shāfi’i’s concept, categorize innovations (bid‘ah) into two types: good and bad. In contrast, modernist Muslims, following Imam Mālik’s concept, regard all forms of bid‘ah as harmful, with those who practice it destined for punishment in hell. In his work al-Ibānah fī Tārīkh al-Sunnah, Habib Salim conducts independent religious criticism, without aligning with either the traditionalist or modernist paradigms. This article is a qualitative study employing a literature review, with philological and socio-intellectual approaches relevant to the Indonesian context in the 20th century. The research uncovers several findings. First, modernist Muslims tend to be rigid and strict in responding to religious practices within society, while traditionalist Muslims are more accommodating. Second, Habib Salim, as a scholar from the traditionalist circle, was critical of certain religious practices. Third, this ḥadramī figure developed an independent theory of bid‘ah criticism, meaning he did not follow the ideological currents of either traditionalist or modernist Muslims. Fourth, this neutral stance allowed Habib Salim to adopt a more moderate perspective when addressing differences of opinion.

Sira Nabawiyya: Historiography of the Prophet Muhammad by Three Modern Writers Abror, Muhamad; Rahma, Awalia
Buletin Al-Turas Vol. 30 No. 1 (2024): Buletin Al-Turas
Publisher : Fakultas Adab and Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/bat.v30i1.30008

PurposeThis study aimed to compare the narratives of three modern historiographies of the Sirah Nabawiya. It explored differences and similarities of Raḫīq Al-Makhtūm, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur'an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih.MethodThis research employed a qualitative approach, adopting the historical method. The primary data were the most recent published editions of Al-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm (2019) by Safiyurrahman Al-Mubarakfuri, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources (2006) by Martin Lings, and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur’an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih (2018) by M. Quraish Shihab.Results/FindingsThe research showed that each of these three books was written in a chronological style. Al-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur'an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih offered more detailed information compared to Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. In their historical analyses, each writer presented their respective perspectives and tendencies. Al-Mubarakfuri emphasized the comparison of historical data and explained the most valid source, while Lings presented the data in a friendly and approachable manner with no in-depth elaboration and personal analyses. Shihab's analysis, however, covered more complex issues beyond historiography, including verification, orientalist criticism, analysis of Quranic sources, and elaboration of moral values.ConclusionThese three works complied with the standard model of a chronological presentation of data and critical analysis, while maintaining a friendly and approachable tone through additional elaboration of perspectives. The authors maintained a balanced and objective approach according to their academic background.

Penanda Waktu Salat Dengan Menabuh Kentongan: Pandangan Keagamaan Syaikh Ahmad Khatib Al-Minangkabawi Dalam Naskah Ḥukm Al-Nāqūs Abror, Muhamad
Manuskripta Vol 14 No 1 (2024): Manuskripta
Publisher : Masyarakat Pernaskahan Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33656/manuskripta.v14i1.13

Beating kentongan is a Javanese tradition that has existed for a long time. Functioning as a non-verbal communication tool, one of the kentongan is a time marker, including prayer times. Because it is related to Islamic religious activities, some scholars also study it from the point of view of Islamic law (fiqh). From here, then emerged two different views. Some judge forbidden, some others permissible. Among some existing scholars, Syaikh Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi (d. 1926) views haram with a fairly critical analysis. Firmly, this professor at Haramain said that hitting the kentongan as a marker of prayer time was equivalent to publicizing the evil that had become a tradition of the infidels. Apart from that, he emphasized that as far as he has observed, there has not been a single representative cleric who has permitted this practice. Even though it is forbidden, Ahmad Khatib's moderate attitude does not make the perpetrators infidel as some scholars do. This paper will discuss the views of this great teacher of Nusantara scholars from Minangkabau regarding the law of beating kentongan as a marker of prayer time in the perspective of Islamic philology, history, and law originating from the Ḥukm al-Nāqūs manuscript. === Menabuh kentongan merupakan tradisi masyarakat Jawa yang sudah ada sejak lama. Berfungsi sebagai alat komunikasi nonverbal, kentongan salah satunya menjadi penanda waktu, termasuk waktu salat. Karena berkaitan dengan aktivitas keagamaan Islam, sejumlah ulama pun mengkajinya dari sudut pandang hukum Islam (fikih). Dari sini kemudian muncul dua pandangan yang berbeda. Sebagian menghukumi haram, sebagian yang lain boleh. Dari sejumlah ulama yang ada, Syaikh Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi (w. 1926) memiliki pandangan haram dangan analisa yang cukup kritis. Dengan tegas, guru besar di Haramain ini mengatakan memukul kentongan sebagai penanda waktu salat sama saja mempublikasikan kemungkaran yang sudah menjadi tradisi orang kafir. Selain itu, ia menegaskan sejauh pengamatannya belum ada satu ulama representatif pun yang membolehkan praktik ini. Kendati mengharamkan, sikap moderat Ahmad Khatib membuatnya tidak mengkafirkan pelakunya sebagaimana sebagian dilakukan sebagian ulama. Makalah ini akan membahas pandangan maha guru ulama Nusantara asal Minangkabau ini tentang hukum menabuh kentongan sebagai penanda waktu salat dalam perspektif filologi, sejarah, dan hukum Islam yang bersumber dari naskah Ḥukm al-Nāqūs.

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