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All Journal Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology Sanus Medical Journal
Kurnia, Achdi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Drug Alternative Approach Through Comparative Study of Antibacterial Effect of Curcumin and Andrographolide Against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Kirani, Elisa Safa; Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata; Kurnia, Achdi; Rahmadi, Agus
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.5.2.122-129

Abstract

Background: Salmonella typhimurium is a pathogen that causes gastroenteritis with a broad host range. Several studies reported antimicrobial resistance against S. Typhimurium. The inappropriate use of antibiotics exacerbates the issue of drug resistance. Indonesian natural products, curcumin, a polyphenol derived from turmeric, and andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata, have shown antibacterial activity due to their various health benefits. These natural products are potential candidates for alternative therapy in S. Typhimurium infection to evade antibiotic resistance. Purposes: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity of curcumin and andrographolide against S. Typhimurium. Methods: This study design was true experimental. The curcumin (500 μg/mL, 1000 μg/mL, 5000 μg/mL) and andrographolide (10 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 1000 μg/mL) were tested for their antibacterial effects against S. Typhimurium using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. Chloramphenicol was used as a positive control, and DMSO was used as a negative control. Inhibition zone bacteria with curcumin treatment compared to andrographolide treatment to assess the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity. Results: Various concentrations of curcumin and andrographolide inhibit the growth of S. Typhimurium bacteria. The highest average of S. Typhimurium inhibition zone was 9 mm and 9.67 mm, with doses of 500 μg/mL curcumin and 1000 μg/mL andrographolide. The andrographolide inhibition zone is larger than curcumin at 1000 µg/mL. These findings showed the potential of andrographolide as a natural antibacterial agent against S. Typhimurium. However, chloramphenicol inhibition zone is still highest between andrographolide and curcumin group doses. Conclusion: Andrographolide has a more effective antibacterial effect against S. Typhimurium than curcumin at 1000 µg/mL based on inhibition zone diameter results. However, chloramphenicol is still more effective as an antibacterial agent against S. Typhimurium.
Fahr Disease : A Case Repor Abdulmannan, Adamilzary Fikry; Prodjokusumo, Hafidz Muhammad; Rahman, Putri Windiana; Fitriana, Rizni; Kurnia, Achdi
Sanus Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka (UHAMKA Press)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/sanus.v7i1.7955

Abstract

In Indonesia, life expectancy has risen significantly. The rise in life expectancy is, of course, directly proportional to the rise in the elderly population (elderly). Coronary heart disease, hypertension, metabolic disorders, and arthritis are all problems that the elderly face on a daily basis. To improve the quality of life of the elderly, preventive efforts that are tailored to their physiological needs are required. However, descriptive data on the parameters to be examined in this group are required before conducting an intervention. The authors are encouraged to know the description of total cholesterol levels in the elderly who are in the DPC Muhammadiyah Pondok Aren environment based on the background of the problems described above. Glucose, hemoglobin, and total cholesterol levels in plasma will be measured. This study collects primary data from respondents by taking finger blood samples, which are then measured using the Easy Touch® tool. Total sampling was used, and the number of samples that met the inclusion criteria was 13 people. The data is analyzed to generate distributions and percentages. The findings revealed that 85.19 percent of the elderly had normal blood glucose levels. According to age, the elderly aged 60-74 years have 83.33 percent normal blood glucose levels, while the elderly aged 75-70 years have 86.67 percent normal blood glucose levels. According to gender, elderly men with normal blood glucose levels account for approximately 84.21 percent of the population, while elderly women with normal blood glucose levels account for approximately 87.50 percent. It was determined that over half of the elderly in PSTW
Synergistic Anti-inflammatory Activity of Tinospora crispa L. and Zingiber officinale: A BSA Assay Study Dewi, Sari Puspita; Kurnia, Achdi; Permata Sari, Shinta Dewi; Budiman, Muhamad Arif
Sanus Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka (UHAMKA Press)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/sanus.v7i1.20514

Abstract

Ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale) and Tinospora crispa L. (Tinospora crispa L.) extracts contain various active compounds that have the potential to be anti-inflammatory agents. This study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of ginger rhizome and Tinospora crispa L. leaf extracts, both singly and in combination, using the BSA test method. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. Anti-inflammatory activity tests were carried out in vitro at 75, 100, and 150 μg/mL concentrations by measuring the extract's ability to prevent heat-induced BSA denaturation. The yield of Tinospora crispa L. extract reached 41.39% and that of ginger extract 25.63%. The combination of 150 μg/mL extracts showed the highest anti- inflammatory activity (96.82%) of all the extract test samples. In comparison, the lowest anti-inflammatory activity was found in 75 μg/mL ginger extract, at 89.21%. Statistical tests showed a significant difference between the 75 μg/mL ginger extract and the 150 μg/mL combination (p=0.047). The combination of ginger and Tinospora crispa extract has the potential to be developed as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.
Energy Adequacy During Suhoor and Glycemic Stability for Elderly Diabetics Kurnia, Achdi; Prodjokusumo, Hafidz Muhammad; Dahlan, Rahmat
Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology (JSRET) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 5 No. 1 2026
Publisher : Kirana Publisher (KNPub)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58526/jsret.v5i1.1058

Abstract

Fasting is a mandatory worship practice for Muslims, including for the elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). However, this condition poses challenges in maintaining glycemic stability and energy adequacy from suhoor to iftar time. The study identified optimal nutritional strategies to achieve energy sufficiency during suhoor and to maintain stable blood glucose levels in the elderly with DM2. The research uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, examining scientific articles indexed in Scopus and Web of Science from 2010–2024. Literature selection is carried out through the stages of identification, screening, and eligibility using the PRISMA guidelines. The results of the study showed that a balanced composition of suhoor food including complex carbohydrates (100–150 g), animal protein (50–75 g), vegetable protein (±50 g), fibrous vegetables (±100 g), low glycemic index fruit (±100 g), healthy fats (30–50 g), low-fat milk (±200 ml), and adequate hydration (2–3 glasses of water) play an important role in maintaining glycemic stability in the elderly with DM2. The energy needs of the elderly with diabetes range from 25–30 kcal/kg of body weight per day, with suhoor contributing around 30–40% of the total daily energy needs (±450–600 kcal). Energy intake below the sufficiency threshold can increase the risk of hypoglycemia, fatigue, and impaired metabolic function. In contrast, energy intake above the maximum limit can lead to hyperglycemia, obesity, and insulin resistance. The importance of planning a balanced suhoor menu to maintain stable blood glucose levels in elderly individuals with DM2 during fasting.
Co-Authors Abdulmannan, Adamilzary Fikry Budiman, Muhamad Arif Fitriana, Rizni Kirani, Elisa Safa Permata Sari, Shinta Dewi Prodjokusumo, Hafidz Muhammad Rahmadi, Agus Rahman, Putri Windiana Rahmat Dahlan Sari Puspita Dewi, Sari Puspita Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata