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All Journal International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences
Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine (IL-10) Profiles and Ratio of IL-6/IL-10 in Covid-19 Patients Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata; Listiyaningsih, Erlin; Mawanti, Wening Tri; Martalena, Dewi
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.5.1.1-8

Abstract

Background: The number of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia has continually increased since the first cases appeared in March 2020. This disease is due to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in the respiratory system that induces an immune response. The innate and adaptive immune response triggered the secretion of an excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine-caused cytokine storm that became one of the mechanisms of acute respiratory distress (ARDS). The anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-13, and IL-4) were secreted as the immune response in the ARDS condition. Purposes: This study aims to determine the ratio of the IL-6/IL-10 profile as basic information for the therapeutic approach to prevent ARDS. Methods: This cross-sectional study used stored biological material in plasma form from COVID-19 patients in Jakarta Islamic Hospital – Pondok Kopi and Dr. M. Goenawan Partowidigdo Hospital, Cisarua. The plasmas were from severe (n=20) patients and mild to moderate severity (n=25). The negative control sample was collected from 13 healthy subjects. Assessment of IL-10 levels in plasma using ELISA technique. Results: Our analysis showed that IL-10 has no statistical difference between negative control, mild to moderate, and severe categories (p=0.629). Meanwhile, the ratio IL-6/IL-10 presented statistical differences between mild to moderate and severe categories (p=0.011). The average ratio of IL-6/IL-10 in severe categories is two-fold higher than in mild-moderate categories. Conclusion: We conclude that there is a cytokine storm condition in severe COVID-19 patients with an imbalance ratio of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and could be used as basic information for drug development in cytokine storm conditions to prevent ARDS.
Association between blood glucose levels at admission and severity of COVID-19 patients Asysyifa, Nurul; Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata; Martalena, Dewi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 55, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005504202301

Abstract

Hyperglycemia can be experienced by corona virus disease (COVID-19) patients due to the invasion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) into pancreatic cells or other mechanisms such as insulin resistance, counter-regulatory, stress induction, and glucocorticoid therapy. Hyperglycemia can stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to an increase in the disease severity.  Based on the clinical and laboratory criteria, the severity of COVID-19 patients is classified into asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical. This study aimed to investigate the association between blood glucose levels at admission and the severity of COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). It was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from COVID-19 patients in Pondok Kopi Jakarta Islamic Hospital from April to June 2021. This study involved 340 patients with comorbid DM (n=78) and without comorbid DM (n=262). The Mann-Whitney and Spearman correlation test were used. A significant difference between random blood glucose levels in comorbid DM patients and patients without comorbid DM (p<0.05). However, there is a weak correlation between random blood glucose levels and severity with comorbid DM (r=0.112) and without comorbid DM (r=0.129). In conclusion, a positive and weak correlation between blood glucose levels at admission and the severity of COVID-19. The severity increases as the blood sugar level increases. Further study needs to be performed considering other comorbid conditions.
Preliminary Study of Cinnamomum burmannii Extracts to Reduce Fasting Blood Glucose Level and Body Weight in Type-2-DM-Induced Rats Claudia, Regita Almira; Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata; Safitri, Yolanda
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.5.2.107-115

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus prevalence in Indonesia tends to be elevated based on glucose measurement. Antidiabetic oral has some serious side effects for long-term use. Several studies explored various types of Cinnamomum extract's effects on antidiabetic activity and potentially became an alternative therapy in Diabetes mellitus patients. Purposes: This study aimed to determine Cinnamomum burmannii extract’s effect on body weight and fasting blood glucose level in rats induced Type-2 DM. Methods: This study was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, University Muhammadiyah of Prof. DR. Hamka. This study design was a true experimental method by administering Cinnamon extract at 30mg/kg, 60mg/kg, 120mg/kg, and 200mg/kg to animal tests. The statistical analysis used a T-test to compare the different results in parameters before and after the administration of Cinnamon extract. Results: This study shows a difference in blood sugar level and body weight before and after the cinnamon extract group administration. The body weight results presented no significant differences between before and after administering Cinnamon extracts at doses of 30mg/kg, 60mg/kg, 120mg/kg, and 200mg/kg. In contrast, the blood sugar level showed significant differences between before and after administration of Cinnamon extract at group doses (p0.05). Metformin was still more influential in reducing fasting blood sugar than Cinnamomum burmannii extract at 30mg/kg. Conclusion: This study concluded that Cinnamomum burmannii extract with various doses could reduce fasting blood glucose levels and body weight. The highest dose showed a significant difference in fasting blood glucose levels before and after the administration of extracts.
Drug Alternative Approach Through Comparative Study of Antibacterial Effect of Curcumin and Andrographolide Against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Kirani, Elisa Safa; Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata; Kurnia, Achdi; Rahmadi, Agus
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.5.2.122-129

Abstract

Background: Salmonella typhimurium is a pathogen that causes gastroenteritis with a broad host range. Several studies reported antimicrobial resistance against S. Typhimurium. The inappropriate use of antibiotics exacerbates the issue of drug resistance. Indonesian natural products, curcumin, a polyphenol derived from turmeric, and andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata, have shown antibacterial activity due to their various health benefits. These natural products are potential candidates for alternative therapy in S. Typhimurium infection to evade antibiotic resistance. Purposes: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity of curcumin and andrographolide against S. Typhimurium. Methods: This study design was true experimental. The curcumin (500 μg/mL, 1000 μg/mL, 5000 μg/mL) and andrographolide (10 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 1000 μg/mL) were tested for their antibacterial effects against S. Typhimurium using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. Chloramphenicol was used as a positive control, and DMSO was used as a negative control. Inhibition zone bacteria with curcumin treatment compared to andrographolide treatment to assess the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity. Results: Various concentrations of curcumin and andrographolide inhibit the growth of S. Typhimurium bacteria. The highest average of S. Typhimurium inhibition zone was 9 mm and 9.67 mm, with doses of 500 μg/mL curcumin and 1000 μg/mL andrographolide. The andrographolide inhibition zone is larger than curcumin at 1000 µg/mL. These findings showed the potential of andrographolide as a natural antibacterial agent against S. Typhimurium. However, chloramphenicol inhibition zone is still highest between andrographolide and curcumin group doses. Conclusion: Andrographolide has a more effective antibacterial effect against S. Typhimurium than curcumin at 1000 µg/mL based on inhibition zone diameter results. However, chloramphenicol is still more effective as an antibacterial agent against S. Typhimurium.
Computational study of active compounds of Citrullus lanatus Linn peel extract as potential antidiabetics Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata; Budiman, Muhamad Arif; Ningsih, Sri Suciati
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i2.14518

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the metabolic diseases that have emerged as a global health problem. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which affect 90-95% of DM, is caused by reduced insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Oral antidiabetics have resulted side effects, prompting an investigation for a natural-based antidiabetic agent as an alternative treatment. Using network pharmacology, we investigated the mechanism of phytochemical substances of Citrulus lanatus Linn. peel extract and their interactions with target proteins in the DM pathogenesis pathway. Cytoscape 3.6.1 software has created a network of extract compound-protein targets. Investigation of protein interaction, target gene function enrichment, and signal pathway performed via DAVID, STRING database, and the KEGG pathway database. The computational study identified 90 target proteins associated with T2DM based on protein-protein interactions. In addition, Cytoscape analysis and DAVID enrichment revealed the network of extract compound's target and generated proteins such as INS, TNF-α, IL-6, and AKT2. The KEGG pathway analysis presented the crucial role of insulin resistance and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways. This pathway correlated with lower glucose activity in obesity and hyperglycemia. It indicates that the active constituents of C. lanatus Linn peel extract can lower blood sugar levels by interacting with selected proteins. This study's findings will be carried out in further research of in vitro trials.
Growth Inhibition Effect of Syzygium aromaticum Ethanol Extract on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Kamila, Tsabita Rana; Syahniar, Rike; Indriyani, Indriyani; Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.6.2.68-79

Abstract

Background: MRSA is the leading cause of death caused by antimicrobial resistance. The distribution of MRSA occurs globally, and the incidence rate is around 30 per 100,000 people per year. Cloves had antimicrobial properties that were tested in both resistant and susceptible clones. Purpose: To determine the growth inhibition effect of clove flower ethanol extract on the growth of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods: This research uses an experimental design. Clove extract will be analyzed using gas mass chromatography-spectrometry (GC-MS). MSSA isolate was taken from S.aureus ATCC 25913, and MRSA  was taken from nasal swabs. The concentrations of the ethanol extract of cloves used are 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. All ethanol extract concentrations from cloves will be tested using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The magnitude of the barrier zone determines the antibacterial properties. Results: The results of the GC-MS analysis showed three main antibacterial compounds, including eugenol, phenol, and caryophyllene. The average inhibitory zones of the antibacterial test at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% clove flower ethanol extract against MSSA were 16 mm, 16.33 mm, 17.67 mm, 18.33 mm, and 18.33 mm, respectively. The results of the average calculation of the inhibition zone in MRSA according to each concentration of clove flower ethanol extract were 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14.33 mm, and 15.67 mm. Conclusion: Cloves have antibacterial properties, as confirmed by studies showing a zero zone in the MSSA and MRSA antibacterial sensitivity test, with the best concentration being 100% ethanol extract. The study's results show that the antibacterial effect of cloves affects MSSA more than MRSA.
Sedative Effects of Intraperitoneal Diazepam in Mice Vania, Marsha; Sari, Shinta Dewi Permata; Siswitono, Bambang; Stujanna, Endin Nokik
International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of Diazepam in comparison with Phenobarbital.Methods: Twenty-seven male Swiss Webster mice were used and randomly divided into three groups of negative control (NS), positive control (Phenobarbital), and diazepam group. Two tests were performed on these group: the traction Test and the Fireplace Test. Pupillary diameter was also observed.Results: A significant difference based on the Kruskal - Wallis statistical test was observed between the positive control and the diazepam group (<0.05) in the traction test, which was also true for the fireplaced test (p<0.05). The pupillary diameter in the test animals in the positive control and diazepam group was not statistically significant (p>0.05).Conclusion: Diazepam has a better sedative effect than Phenobarbital. The sedative effect produced by Diazepam is stronger, with faster onset and longer half-life than the Phenobarbital the positive control. However, different test methods and comparisons should be sought to support this conclusion.
Co-Authors Asysyifa, Nurul Budiman, Muhamad Arif Claudia, Regita Almira Dewi Martalena ERLIN LISTIYANINGSIH Indriyani Indriyani Kamila, Tsabita Rana Kirani, Elisa Safa Kurnia, Achdi Mawanti, Wening Tri Rahmadi, Agus Rike Syahniar Safitri, Yolanda Siswitono, Bambang Sri Suciati Ningsih Stujanna, Endin Nokik Vania, Marsha