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All Journal Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)
Nafi'ah, Riris Waladatun
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Integrating anaerobic co-digestion and BSF larvae cultivation: A sustainable approach to fish innards and food waste management Nafi'ah, Riris Waladatun; Suhartini, Sri; Hidayat, Nur; Wibisono, Yusuf; Sabrina Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang; Alfisya, Lailia; Wilujeng, Rohmi Nadi; Harahap, Nur Anisah Rizky; Salsabila, Hanna Syakira; Rohma, Novita Ainur; Pratama, Andhika Putra Agus; Md Rezali, Khairil Anas
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 7, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2024.007.04.8

Abstract

Indonesia produces substantial quantities of organic waste annually, including approximately 2.4 million tons of fish innards from the fisheries sector (in 2023) and 13 million tons of food waste (in 2019). This waste contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, estimated at 1,789.66 kg CO₂-eq per ton of food waste. Addressing this issue requires innovative strategies to reduce emissions and enhance the economic value of organic waste. This study aims to develop and assess an integrated system that combines Anaerobic Co-Digestion (ACoD) and Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae cultivation as a sustainable solution for managing fish innards and food waste. The proposed system processes 73,000 kg of organic waste annually, comprising 36,500 kg of fish innards and 32,850 kg of food waste. The ACoD process, utilizing a 10:90 mixing ratio, generates 2,172 m³ of biogas, 41,948.26 kg of digestate, and 14,576.67 kg of residue. Concurrently, BSF larvae cultivation, employing a 40:60 mixing ratio, produces 6,450.29 kg of dried larvae. The integration of ACoD and BSF larvae cultivation provides multiple advantages, including the production of renewable energy, biofertilizers, and high-protein larvae, while reducing organic waste and minimizing environmental impacts. This study demonstrates the potential scalability of the integrated system as a sustainable and economically viable approach to managing fish innards and food waste, contributing to the circular economy and environmental sustainability.
Valorization of oil palm empty fruit bunches into activated carbon: A mini-review Agus Pratama, Andhika Putra; Rohma, Novita Ainur; Elviliana, Elviliana; Nafi'ah, Riris Waladatun; Setyawan, Hendrix Yulis; Sabrina Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang; Fatriasari, Widya; Suhartini, Sri; Jung, Young Hoon; Idrus, Syazwani; Melville, Lynsey
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2024.007.01.9

Abstract

This paper aimed to comprehensively review the potential valorization of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) into activated carbon and its potential application. Activated carbon is carbon processed through dual phases, including carbonization and activation. Firstly, this process converts biomass into carbon thermally with zero to little oxygen conditions. Next, the carbon needs to be activated to stimulate the formation of pores and reduce impurities. The activated carbon’s quality is influenced by the activation process, which can be done physically, chemically, or physiochemically. Activated carbon has an amorphous structure and abundant internal pore structure, thus increasing the surface area. In Indonesia, the quality of active carbon is regulated by Indonesian National Standards or SNI 06-370-1995.  The factors influencing the activation step include activator agent type,  activator agent concentration, activation ratio and time, etc. . Generally, activated carbon can be widely applied to various sectors, such as agriculture (i.e., slow-released fertilizer, fertilizer, etc.), waste treatment (i.e., adsorbent, activator in anaerobic digestion/AD, bioremediation, etc.), gas purification, ceramic membrane, etc. However, further in-depth investigation is required to determine potential scaling-up and commercialization.
Co-Authors Agus Pratama, Andhika Putra Alfisya, Lailia Elviliana, Elviliana Harahap, Nur Anisah Rizky Idrus, Syazwani Jung, Young Hoon Md Rezali, Khairil Anas Melville, Lynsey Nur Hidayat Pratama, Andhika Putra Agus Rohma, Novita Ainur Sabrina Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang Salsabila, Hanna Syakira Setyawan, Hendrix Yulis Sri Suhartini Widya FATRIASARI Wilujeng, Rohmi Nadi Yusuf Wibisono