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All Journal Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)
Harahap, Nur Anisah Rizky
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Integrating anaerobic co-digestion and BSF larvae cultivation: A sustainable approach to fish innards and food waste management Nafi'ah, Riris Waladatun; Suhartini, Sri; Hidayat, Nur; Wibisono, Yusuf; Sabrina Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang; Alfisya, Lailia; Wilujeng, Rohmi Nadi; Harahap, Nur Anisah Rizky; Salsabila, Hanna Syakira; Rohma, Novita Ainur; Pratama, Andhika Putra Agus; Md Rezali, Khairil Anas
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 7, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2024.007.04.8

Abstract

Indonesia produces substantial quantities of organic waste annually, including approximately 2.4 million tons of fish innards from the fisheries sector (in 2023) and 13 million tons of food waste (in 2019). This waste contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, estimated at 1,789.66 kg CO₂-eq per ton of food waste. Addressing this issue requires innovative strategies to reduce emissions and enhance the economic value of organic waste. This study aims to develop and assess an integrated system that combines Anaerobic Co-Digestion (ACoD) and Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae cultivation as a sustainable solution for managing fish innards and food waste. The proposed system processes 73,000 kg of organic waste annually, comprising 36,500 kg of fish innards and 32,850 kg of food waste. The ACoD process, utilizing a 10:90 mixing ratio, generates 2,172 m³ of biogas, 41,948.26 kg of digestate, and 14,576.67 kg of residue. Concurrently, BSF larvae cultivation, employing a 40:60 mixing ratio, produces 6,450.29 kg of dried larvae. The integration of ACoD and BSF larvae cultivation provides multiple advantages, including the production of renewable energy, biofertilizers, and high-protein larvae, while reducing organic waste and minimizing environmental impacts. This study demonstrates the potential scalability of the integrated system as a sustainable and economically viable approach to managing fish innards and food waste, contributing to the circular economy and environmental sustainability.
Characterization of sheet organic mulch produced from coconut fiber, water hyacinth, and banana pseudostem fiber combinations Harahap, Nur Anisah Rizky; Nurhamiyah, Yeyen; Dewi, Ika Atsari; Jung, Young Hoon; Hamzah, Muhammad Hazwan bin; Rohma, Novita Ainur; Samudra, Rizki Putra; Pratama, Andhika Putra Agus; Lee, Yeon Ju; Suhartini, Sri
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 8, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2025.008.03.9

Abstract

This study developed a sheet-type organic mulch from coconut fiber, banana pseudostem, and water hyacinth without synthetic additives through drying, alkaline pretreatment in 1% NaOH solution for 30 minutes, pulping, molding, and oven-drying at 50 °C for 72 hours. The products were characterized for physical, mechanical, and chemical properties, including moisture and ash contents, water absorption capacity, tensile strength, and proximate, lignocellulosic, CNPK, FTIR, and SEM-EDX analyses. The raw materials showed distinct compositions: coconut fiber was rich in lignin (27.52%) and cellulose (37.87%), banana pseudostem had the highest hemicellulose (36.25%), and water hyacinth contained the greatest protein content (16.74%). Among treatments, M3P3 (70% coconut fiber: 30% banana pseudostem) exhibited the highest water absorption capacity (257.00%), while P1 (100% banana pseudostem) achieved the highest tensile strength (9.97 N). In contrast, E1 (100% water hyacinth) showed the highest moisture content (8.83%) but the lowest tensile strength (5.11 N). FTIR and SEM-EDX results confirmed the presence of hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups and a porous surface morphology, supporting water retention and nutrient release. Overall, the composite mulch demonstrated eco-friendly, economical, and adaptive properties suitable for sustainable tropical agriculture applications.
Co-Authors Alfisya, Lailia Hamzah, Muhammad Hazwan bin Ika Atsari Dewi Jung, Young Hoon Lee, Yeon Ju Md Rezali, Khairil Anas Nafi'ah, Riris Waladatun Nur Hidayat Pratama, Andhika Putra Agus Rohma, Novita Ainur Sabrina Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang Salsabila, Hanna Syakira Samudra, Rizki Putra Sri Suhartini Wilujeng, Rohmi Nadi Yeyen Nurhamiyah, Yeyen Yusuf Wibisono