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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi Kemudi Martabat: Jurnal Perempuan dan Anak AEGIS : Journal of International Relations Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs Abrahamic Religions: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama Papua Journal Of Diplomacy And International Relations Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional Global Focus Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan Martabat: Jurnal Perempuan dan Anak
Hastira, Muhammad Fajhriyadi
Unknown Affiliation
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Religious Diplomacy and Child Marriage: The Role of Transnational Faith Based Institutions Rafiqi, Fathan; Hastira, Muhammad Fajhriyadi; Maksum, Ali
Abrahamic Religions: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Prodi Studi Agama-Agama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/arj.v6i1.32298

Abstract

This study examines the role of religious diplomacy in addressing child marriage by analyzing the strategies of three transnational religious institutions: the Holy See, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, and the World Council of Churches. Using a systematic literature review method, 1,656 articles from the Scopus database were screened and analyzed through content and comparative analysis. The research investigates how these institutions influence the formation of international norms on child protection. Findings show that the Holy See utilizes formal moral diplomacy rooted in conservative family values, the World Council of Churches employs progressive campaigns grounded in gender justice and grassroots networks, while the Organization of Islamic Cooperation remains passive due to internal legal and political fragmentation. Key differentiators in effectiveness include theological flexibility, institutional authority, digital engagement, and commitment to international child rights frameworks. The study concludes that religious institutions can function as norm entrepreneurs shaping global child protection discourse. It highlights the need for inclusive, faith-based advocacy aligned with universal human rights, and recommends further research on collaborative efforts between religious actors and states. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of how religious diplomacy intersects with global justice, especially in contested moral arenas like child marriage
Small Voices, Big City: Reconfiguring Urban Governance through Child Participation in Surabaya Hastira, Muhammad Fajhriyadi
Global Focus Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2026.006.01.6

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Child-Friendly Cities Initiative (CFCI) in Surabaya and the dynamics of children's participation in urban development. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis, involving policy makers, the Children's Forum, and local communities. Thematic analysis reveals the adaptation of global CFCI norms to the local context, increased meaningful participation of children, and challenges such as resource constraints and inter-sectoral coordination. The findings enrich the literature on norm localization and meaningful involvement, with implications for strengthening policies, replicable models in other cities, and the development of sustainable child participation.
FROM LOCAL TO GLOBAL: SURABAYA’S PARADIPLOMACY STRATEGY IN REALISING A CHILD-FRIENDLY CITY Hastira, Muhammad Fajhriyadi; Maksum, Ali; Hastira, Muh Fichriyadi; Manitra, Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea
Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional Vol. 27, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Along with the development of decentralisation and subnational diplomacy, strengthening child protection at the city level has become an important part of the global agenda. This research aims to analyse the implementation of the Child-Friendly Cities Initiative in Surabaya City from a paradiplomacy perspective. In addition, this study seeks to explain the synergy between local, national, and global policies and identify opportunities and challenges using literature studies and analysis of official documents from the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (PPPA) and the Surabaya Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning (P3APPKB), the Surabaya City Children's Forum, the Surabaya Child-Friendly City Task Force, and UNICEF Indonesia. The research findings show that Surabaya has implemented strategic measures, including preparing an Annual Work Plan, strengthening children’ s participation in decision-making, and developing child-friendly infrastructure. The paradiplomacy strategy has been proven to increase access to international resources and best practices while improving Surabaya’s local governance capacity and global standing. However, challenges such as low public awareness, budget constraints, and suboptimal cross-sector coordination remain. Using data processing based on thematic analysis, this study fills the gap in research on the application of a paradiplomacy perspective in child protection issues, particularly in the implementation of the Child-Friendly Cities Initiative in the Indonesian context.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Nurjannah Ahmad, A Aliyah Ali Maksum Ali Muhammad DEWI SARTIKA Febriansyah, Ahady Galank Pratama Hashfi Rafdi Ishaq Rahman, Ishaq Khairullah, Septi M.Aviv Adhitya Putra Pratama Mangiri, Gabriela Karunia Manitra, Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea MUH. FICHRIYADI HASTIRA Nurul Fadhilah Rafiqi, Fathan Sidik Jatmika, Sidik Zahir, Muh Zuhud Al-Khaer