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All Journal Heart Science Journal Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)
Kannady, Johnson
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Antimicrobial Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Durio zibethinus Rind against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae : Antimicrobial Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Durian Rind against ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae Kannady, Johnson; Mayasari, Evita; Mardiani, Tengku Helvi; Hutagalung, Sunna Vyatra; Alona, Ivana; Simatupang, Maria Magdalena
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v7i1.19027

Abstract

Background: Durio zibethinus (durian) contains secondary metabolites with antibacterial potency, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and glycosides. Indonesia is one of the world’s largest producing countries of durian, yet the thorny part of the fruit rind often ends up as waste. Investigations of durian rind for its antimicrobial activity will maximize the benefits and prevent waste accumulation. Objective: In this experimental study, we analyzed the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of durian rind against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and K. pneumoniae in vitro. Methods: This study used a one-group posttest-only design. The disc diffusion method for antimicrobial susceptibility test was used to test the ethanolic extract of durian rind against ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, each with six experimental repetitions to observe the inhibition zone produced around discs containing the extracts at various concentrations (12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 80%, and 100%). Results: Ethanolic extract of durian rind showed an inhibition zone against ESBL-producing E. coli at the extract concentration of 50%, with an average inhibition zone of 3.57 mm. The inhibition zone was also observed against ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae at the extract concentration of 75%, with an average inhibition zone of 3.73 mm. Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of durian rind showed inhibition zones against ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, showing its potential antimicrobial activity in vitro.
Anemia incidence and nutritional status in children with uncorrected congenital heart disease at a teaching hospital in a developing country Amelia, Putri; Lubis, Nydia Akrami; Efendy, Elmeida; Amelia, Rina; Kannady, Johnson
Heart Science Journal Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): Predicting Restenosis in Coronary Artery Disease
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.03.10

Abstract

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) remains a major contributor to pediatric morbidity and mortality, accounting for an estimated 251,247 infant deaths globally in 2017. In Indonesia, the incidence is approximately 8 per 1,000 live births. Both cyanotic and acyanotic CHD can impair nutritional status, while malnutrition may predispose to anemia and worsen clinical outcomes. Objective: To compare anemia prevalence and nutritional status between children with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD and to identify factors associated with anemia. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed medical records of pediatric CHD patients at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, from 2023 to 2024. Nutritional status was assessed using standard anthropometric indices. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U and chi-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of anemia. Result: A total of 170 patients were included, equally distributed between cyanotic and acyanotic CHD. Tetralogy of Fallot (35.9%) was the most common diagnosis. Severe underweight was observed in 38.8% of patients, while most had normal height-for-age, weight-for-height, and BMI-for-age. Anemia was significantly less frequent in cyanotic than acyanotic CHD (22.4% vs 63.5%, p < 0.001). No significant differences in overall nutritional status were found between groups. However, weight-for-height was independently associated with anemia, indicating the role of acute malnutrition. Conclusion: Anemia differs between cyanotic and acyanotic CHD despite similar nutritional status. Acute malnutrition appears to be a key determinant, highlighting the importance of early nutritional assessment.
Co-Authors Alona, Ivana Efendy, Elmeida Evita Mayasari Hutagalung, Sunna Vyatra Lubis, Nydia Akrami Mardiani, Tengku Helvi Putri Amelia Rina Amelia Simatupang, Maria Magdalena