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All Journal Alotrop Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Kimia Journal of Biobased Chemicals (JOBC)
Elva Febriyanti
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education

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ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES (SLNS) FROM KABAU SEED (ARCHIDENDRON BUBALINUM (JACK) I.C. NIELSEN) EXTRACT COATED WITH TRIMYRISTIN Balqis, Solina; Diah Miftahul Aini; Muhammad Arif Fadilah; Nurkayah; Mu'awiyatu Al-Laitsi; Lia Aseptin Murdini; Elva Febriyanti
ALOTROP Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Kimia
Publisher : University of Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/alo.v9i1.42075

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a global health problem that continues to increase. One alternative approach in managing diabetes is using natural materials with antihyperglycemic activity. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) containing Kabau seed extract (Archidendron bubalinum (Jack) I.C. Nielsen) coated with trimyristin in reducing blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats. Extraction was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol, while SLN was synthesized by high-speed homogenization and ultrasonication methods. Particle size analysis showed an average diameter of 262.61 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.144, indicating a homogeneous formulation. Phytochemical testing showed that Kabau seed extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins contributing to antihyperglycemic activity. In vivo tests on Mus musculus showed that 20 % concentration of Kabau SLN reduced blood glucose levels by up to 97 mg/dL, approaching the effectiveness of metformin (104 mg/dL). Statistical analysis of ANOVA and BNT test showed significant differences between treatments. These results indicate that Kabau SLN has the potential as a candidate for phytopharmaceuticals in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Kabau; solid lipid nanoparticles; trimyristin; flavonoids
Reaction Kinetics and Catalytic Performance of KOH- Modified CaO in Tamanu Oil Biodiesel Production Sunarti, Aryelvia; Firman Kurniawansyah; Syuaibatul Islamiyah; Elva Febriyanti; Achmad Roasyadi; Muhammad Al Muttaqi; Reva Edra Nugraha
Journal of Biobased Chemicals Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Biobased Chemicals
Publisher : University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jobc.v6i1.60003

Abstract

Biodiesel development as a renewable energy source continues to advance, reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Biodiesel is produced through esterification and transesterification reactions, aided by a catalyst, to increase the reaction rate. One of the main challenges in biodiesel production is selecting a catalyst that is highly active, stable, and easily separated from the product. Heterogeneous catalysts based on calcium oxide (CaO) are a promising alternative, especially when modified to enhance their catalytic performance. CaO has the weakness that it easily reacts with moist air to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂). This process can decrease the catalytic activity of CaO. This research aims to determine the energy required for the transesterification reaction using a KOH-modified CaO catalyst in a batch process. A KOH-modified CaO catalyst was synthesized by calcining chicken eggshells and impregnating them with KOH. It was then used to produce biodiesel from tamanu oil through transesterification in a batch reactor. Characterization of the catalyst using the basicity test method showed a basicity value of 2.98 mmol/g benzoic acid, and using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, obtained a surface area of 0.273 m²/g. The transesterification process was carried out at a mole ratio of oil to methanol of 1:3 at various temperatures of 55–75 °C and reaction times of 90, 120, and 150 minutes. The biodiesel produced was analyzed for free fatty acid (FFA) content, density, kinematic viscosity, yield, and reaction kinetics. The results showed that the optimum conditions were achieved at 65 °C and a reaction time of 120 minutes, yielding a biodiesel yield of 71.4%, and all quality parameters met the SNI 7182:2015 standard. Kinetic analysis showed that the transesterification reaction followed a zero-order kinetic model with an activation energy of 129.72 J/mol, indicating that the modified CaO catalyst effectively reduces the reaction energy barrier.
Co-Authors Achmad Roasyadi Balqis, Solina Diah Miftahul Aini Firman Kurniawansyah Lia Aseptin Murdini Mu'awiyatu Al-Laitsi Muhammad Al Muttaqi Muhammad Arif Fadilah Nurkayah Reva Edra Nugraha Sunarti, Aryelvia Syuaibatul Islamiyah