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All Journal Metalurgi
Hakim, Agsel Fauzia
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Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Study of Iron and Calcium Removal on Manganese Sulfate Precursors for Battery Cathode Raw Material Applications Hakim, Agsel Fauzia; Andriyah, Lia; Oediyani, Soesaptri; Lalasari, Latifa Hanum; Sulistiyono, Eko; Irawan, Januar; Arini, Tri; Yunita, Fariza Eka; Suharyanto, Ariyo; Setiawan, Iwan; Firdiyono, Florentinus; Yuwono, Akhmad Herman
Metalurgi Vol 39, No 2 (2024): Metalurgi Vol. 39 No. 2 2024
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/metalurgi.2024.753

Abstract

Global battery sales are expected to reach $310.8 billion in 2027, up 14.1% from 2020. 95% of the world's batteries are lead-acid, lithium-ion, or nickel-based. One of the most popular batteries on the global market is lithium-ion, which uses MnSO4 powder as its cathode raw material. Manganese sulfate-based lithium-ion batteries can be made using Indonesian resources, specifically manganese ore from Trenggalek. Trenggalek manganese ore is of poor quality and contains impurities, primarily Fe and Ca. To produce 98% powder manganese sulfate, the solution is prepared, reduced with briquette charcoal, leached, precipitated, carbonated, and crystallised. NH4OH reagent is used to remove Fe through precipitation, and the carbonatation process is employed to eliminate Ca, resulting in 97.237% purity of manganese sulfate powder product. This outcome is achieved under precipitation process conditions of [NH4OH 2M], T = 80 °C, pH = 4, t =180 minutes, while carbonatation process conditions are T=50 °C, t = 120 minutes.
Co-Authors Akhmad Herman Yuwono Andriyah, Lia Eko Sulistiyono, Eko Florentinus Firdiyono Irawan, Januar Iwan Setiawan Lalasari, Latifa Hanum Soesaptri Oediyani Suharyanto, Ariyo Tri Arini, Tri Yunita, Fariza Eka