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Siahaan, Parlaungan G
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Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Nursing Social Sciences

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Pengaruh Struktur Kekerabatan Karo (Merga, Kuta, Kalimbubu, Anak Beru, Sembuyak) Terhadap Implementasi Hukum Waris Islam Pane, Agnes; Hadiningrum, Sri; Siahaan, Parlaungan G; Manalu, Irga S F; Fadilla, Nur; Pangaribuan, Rio O; Manalu, Rohana
Journal of Education Religion Humanities and Multidiciplinary Vol 3, No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/jerumi.v3i1.6375

Abstract

This research focuses on legal pluralism in Indonesia, where the Karo kinship structure (Daliken Si Telu), which includes Merga, Kuta, Kalimbubu, Anak Beru, and Sembuyak, interacts with Islamic inheritance law in the inheritance practices of the Karo Muslim community, creating potential tension between patrilineal customary norms (which prioritise men as inheritors of communal assets) and Islamic faraid provisions (which guarantee women's inheritance rights). The aim of this research is to analyse the influence of these kinship structures on the implementation of Islamic inheritance law, examine the process of adaptation and negotiation between the two legal systems, and evaluate the role of customary leaders and religious scholars in harmonisation. Using a legal-anthropological approach and descriptive qualitative methods, data was collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with IMKA UNIMED students, and analysis of customary and legal documents in Medan. The results of the study reveal that: (1) Karo kinship structures influence inheritance distribution through the separation of property categories immovable property (kuta land, traditional houses) is retained within the merga system for male children, while movable property (savings, livestock) is distributed according to Sharia law; (2) harmony is achieved through customary deliberation (runggu) involving customary leaders and religious scholars to formulate a ‘dual track’ agreement, as well as a benefit-sharing mechanism for communal assets; (3) customary leaders and religious scholars act as key mediators bridging customary values and Sharia law, resulting in notarised minutes formalised in the Religious Court. The research conclusion affirms that the interaction between the Karo kinship system and Islamic inheritance law is not a diametric conflict, but rather a dynamic negotiation process that combines cultural preservation with gender justice through the active role of local actors.
Pengaruh Struktur Kekerabatan Karo (Merga, Kuta, Kalimbubu, Anak Beru, Sembuyak) Terhadap Implementasi Hukum Waris Islam Pane, Agnes; Hadiningrum, Sri; Siahaan, Parlaungan G; Manalu, Irga S F; Fadilla, Nur; Pangaribuan, Rio O; Manalu, Rohana
Journal of Education Religion Humanities and Multidiciplinary Vol 3, No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/jerumi.v3i1.6375

Abstract

This research focuses on legal pluralism in Indonesia, where the Karo kinship structure (Daliken Si Telu), which includes Merga, Kuta, Kalimbubu, Anak Beru, and Sembuyak, interacts with Islamic inheritance law in the inheritance practices of the Karo Muslim community, creating potential tension between patrilineal customary norms (which prioritise men as inheritors of communal assets) and Islamic faraid provisions (which guarantee women's inheritance rights). The aim of this research is to analyse the influence of these kinship structures on the implementation of Islamic inheritance law, examine the process of adaptation and negotiation between the two legal systems, and evaluate the role of customary leaders and religious scholars in harmonisation. Using a legal-anthropological approach and descriptive qualitative methods, data was collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with IMKA UNIMED students, and analysis of customary and legal documents in Medan. The results of the study reveal that: (1) Karo kinship structures influence inheritance distribution through the separation of property categories immovable property (kuta land, traditional houses) is retained within the merga system for male children, while movable property (savings, livestock) is distributed according to Sharia law; (2) harmony is achieved through customary deliberation (runggu) involving customary leaders and religious scholars to formulate a ‘dual track’ agreement, as well as a benefit-sharing mechanism for communal assets; (3) customary leaders and religious scholars act as key mediators bridging customary values and Sharia law, resulting in notarised minutes formalised in the Religious Court. The research conclusion affirms that the interaction between the Karo kinship system and Islamic inheritance law is not a diametric conflict, but rather a dynamic negotiation process that combines cultural preservation with gender justice through the active role of local actors.
Analisis Yuridis Konsep Opportunity Cost Sebagai Komponen Ganti Kerugian Dalam Wanprestasi Perjanjian Peminjaman Uang Ambarita, Hanaya Manuela; Siahaan, Parlaungan G; Dari, Ulan; Azizah, Nur Cahyu; Ligoriker, Alfonsius
Journal of Law, Education and Business Vol 3, No 2 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/jleb.v3i2.6458

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas konsep opportunity cost sebagai komponen ganti kerugian dalam wanprestasi perjanjian peminjaman uang dalam perspektif hukum perdata Indonesia. Selama ini, KUHPerdata hanya mengatur ganti kerugian berupa biaya, kerugian nyata, dan bunga, tanpa secara eksplisit menyebutkan opportunity cost. Padahal dalam praktik, kreditur sering kali mengalami kerugian berupa hilangnya peluang investasi akibat dana tertahan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif melalui studi pustaka terhadap ketentuan KUHPerdata dan teori-teori relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara yuridis, opportunity cost dapat ditafsirkan sebagai bagian dari kerugian yang dapat diganti berdasarkan Pasal 1243 dan 1246 KUHPerdata, sepanjang memenuhi syarat pembuktian yang ketat, seperti adanya peluang ekonomi nyata yang hilang, nilai kerugian yang dapat dihitung secara ekonomis, serta hubungan sebab akibat langsung. Pengakuan terhadap opportunity cost secara proporsional dapat memberikan kepastian hukum yang lebih adil dan responsif terhadap dinamika ekonomi modern.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Anak di Luar Kawin Dalam Pewarisan Melalui Surat Wasiat Orangtua: Analisis Perbandingan Antara Hukum Perdata Dengan Hukum Adat Suku Batak Mandailing Cahyani, Nabila Fri; Siahaan, Parlaungan G; Surbakti, Arini Br; Tambunan, Mikha Valdo; Sinaga, Putriana
Journal of Law, Education and Business Vol 3, No 2 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/jleb.v3i2.6343

Abstract

Anak di luar kawin seringkali mengalami diskriminasi dalam pewarisan, baik dari segi hukum, terutama dalam masyarakat adat yang menganut sistem kekerabatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum terhadap anak di luar kawin dalam pewarisan melalui surat wasiat orangtua, dengan membandingkan ketentuan dalam hukum perdata dan hukum adat Batak Mandailing. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi di Jl. Komp. Pemda Deli Serdang No.8, Perbarakan, Kecamatan Pagar Merbau, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara 20515. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, hukum perdata memberikan ruang bagi anak di luar kawin untuk menerima warisan melalui surat wasiat berdasarkan putusan Mahkamah konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010, meskipun dengan batasan tertentu seperti legitimasi. Dan sebaliknya hukum adat Batak Mandailing memiliki pandangan yang lebih cenderung membatasi terhadap hak waris anak di luar kawin, bahkan seringkali tidak mengakui anak diluar kawin sebagai ahli waris yang sah dalam garis keturunan patrilineal, kecuali terdapat pengakuan adat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan meskipun terdapat perbedaan yang mendasar, kedua sistem hukum ini memiliki potensi untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum bagi anak di luar kawin dalam pewarisan melalui surat wasiat, meskipun dengan mekanisme dan syarat yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dan menegaskan pentingnya harmonisasi antara sistem hukum perdata dan hukum adat untuk di implementasikan dalam mewujudkan keadilan yang mutlak bagi anak di luar kawin dalam masyarakat pluralistik.
Co-Authors Ambarita, Hanaya Manuela Azizah, Nur Cahyu Cahyani, Nabila Fri Dari, Ulan Hadiningrum, Sri Ligoriker, Alfonsius Manalu, Irga S F Manalu, Rohana Nur Fadilla, Nur Pane, Agnes Pangaribuan, Rio O Sinaga, Putriana Surbakti, Arini Br Tambunan, Mikha Valdo