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Genetic Variability and Heritability of Vegetative Growth Variables in 41 Cayenne Pepper Cultivars Saputra, Pringky Okta; Herison, Catur; Rustikawati, Rustikawati; Nurjanah, Uswatun; Ganefianti, Dwi Wahyuni; Sukisno, Sukisno
AGRITROPICA : Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Fakultas Pertanian (BPFP)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/j.agritropica.8.1.14-22

Abstract

This study aimed to estimate genetic and phenotypic variability, as well as heritability values, in 41 Cayenne pepper cultivars based on vegetative traits.  The research was conducted from May to October 2024 at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu, situated in Beringin Raya village, Bengkulu City, at an elevation of 10 m above sea level.  A Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) was employed with a single factor consisting of 41 cultivars with three replications, each comprising 20 plants per replication.  The results revealed a wide range of genetic variability for traits such as plant height, first dichotomous height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf greenness, number of dichotomous points, canopy area, stem diameter, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight.  High phenotypic variability was observed across all evaluated traits.  High heritability was found in the trait of first dichotomous height.  Moderate heritability was observed for plant height, number of leaves, leaf greenness, number of dichotomous points, canopy area, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight. Low heritability was detected in leaf area, stomatal density, and stem diameter.
FISIOLOGIS TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.) TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN DI LAHAN PESISIR Saputra, Pringky Okta; Utomo, Ferdian Noor Widya; Prastio, Pianto Ramadhan; Al-Fikri, Sultan Imam; Suwandana, Victorianus Chandra; Sunandar; Ruviken, Mantegna Gordi; Fahrurrozi
Jurnal Agroqua: Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan Vol 23 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Agroqua
Publisher : University of Prof. Dr. Hazairin, SH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32663/ja.v23i2.5303

Abstract

Red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a major horticultural crop with high economic importance and a vital role in meeting food demands. Its demand continues to increase alongside population growth, yet production is often limited by drought stress, particularly in coastal regions characterized by sandy soils, low water-holding capacity, and high salinity. This review aims to assess the physiological responses of red chili plants to drought stress in coastal environments and to identify adaptive mechanisms that enhance plant tolerance. Drought stress has been reported to decrease photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll concentration, and transpiration rate due to stomatal closure. Plants counteract water deficit by accumulating osmolytes such as proline and soluble sugars and by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), to mitigate oxidative damage. Drought conditions also result in significant reductions in plant height, flower number, and fruit yield, reaching up to 51%. These adaptive mechanisms highlight the importance of developing drought-tolerant cultivars and applying water-efficient cultivation techniques, such as silver-black plastic mulch and drip irrigation, to sustain red chili productivity in drought-prone coastal regions.