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All Journal Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Enigma in Cultural
Iqbal Anugerah
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Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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The Resilient Thread: Digital Archiving and the Semantic Revitalization of Palembang's Songket Weaving Traditions Dian Rahayu; Iqbal Anugerah; Henry Peter Paul
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v2i2.113

Abstract

Palembang's Songket, a UNESCO-recognized Intangible Cultural Heritage, faces significant threats from modernization and the gradual erosion of its tacit knowledge, particularly the philosophical meanings embedded within its motifs. This study addressed the urgent need for a preservation model that transcends simple digitization by focusing on semantic revitalization. This research employed a multi-phase, mixed-methods approach conducted between 2023 and 2025. We developed a comprehensive digital archive through high-resolution photogrammetry of 150 heritage Songket textiles and ethnographic fieldwork, including in-depth interviews with 15 master weavers in Palembang. A bespoke semantic ontology was constructed using Web Ontology Language (OWL) to map the complex relationships between motifs, techniques, materials, and their socio-cultural meanings. This ontology formed the backbone of an interactive web-based platform, "The Songket Legacy," which was subsequently evaluated through a user engagement study with 50 participants from diverse backgrounds, including weavers, designers, and students. The project resulted in a robust digital archive containing over 50 gigabytes of data. The Songket Semantic Ontology successfully defi ned 75 distinct motifs and established over 400 relational assertions, linking visual patterns to their historical narratives and philosophical underpinnings. The user engagement study yielded a high System Usability Scale (SUS) score of 85.5. Qualitative feedback confirmed that the semantic framework significantly enhanced users' understanding and appreciation of Songket, with 92% of participants reporting an increased ability to interpret motif symbolism. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a semantic-web approach offers a powerful methodology for the revitalization of intangible cultural heritage. By creating a "living" digital archive that makes tacit knowledge explicit and accessible, this project provides a scalable model for preserving and promoting the cultural legacy of Palembang's Songket for future generations, fostering both cultural continuity and creative innovation.
Resource Nationalism, Enclave Industrialization, and Regional Divergence: A Spatial Econometric Assessment of Indonesia's Hilirisasi Mandate Iqbal Anugerah; Selma Fajic
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v9i1.316

Abstract

Indonesia's hilirisasi (downstreaming) mandate, enforced through a definitive nickel mineral export ban from January 2020, represents one of the most consequential applications of resource nationalism in contemporary Southeast Asian political economy. While aggregate indicators documented substantial Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows into metallurgical industrial parks, the sub-national distributional consequences remained critically underexplored prior to this study. Employing a Spatial Durbin Difference-in-Differences (SDM-DiD) framework applied to a balanced provincial panel of 34 Indonesian provinces across the period 2015 to 2024 (N = 340 observations), this study empirically decomposed the direct, indirect (spatial spillover), and total effects of the export ban on regional economic growth and income inequality. The treatment group comprised the three primary nickel-downstreaming hub provinces: Central Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, and North Maluku. Moran's I statistics confirmed significant spatial autocorrelation across all study years (range: 0.245-0.312, p < 0.001), validating the spatial modeling approach. The SDM-DiD estimation revealed a significant positive direct effect on regional GDP per capita in treated provinces (beta = 0.084, SE = 0.019, p < 0.001), confirming localized growth. However, the spatial spillover effect was significantly negative (theta = -0.052, SE = 0.021, p = 0.013), documenting a pronounced backwash effect on adjacent provinces. Within treated regions, income inequality widened significantly (Gini direct effect: beta = 0.018, p < 0.001), driven by skill-biased structural transformation associated with capital-intensive smelting operations. These findings established that Indonesia's hilirisasi mandate functions structurally as an enclave industrialization model, generating spatial polarization rather than inclusive regional development. Inter-regional fiscal equalization, enforceable backward linkage obligations, and peripheral human capital investment are identified as critical complementary policy mechanisms.
Resource Nationalism, Enclave Industrialization, and Regional Divergence: A Spatial Econometric Assessment of Indonesia's Hilirisasi Mandate Iqbal Anugerah; Selma Fajic
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v9i1.316

Abstract

Indonesia's hilirisasi (downstreaming) mandate, enforced through a definitive nickel mineral export ban from January 2020, represents one of the most consequential applications of resource nationalism in contemporary Southeast Asian political economy. While aggregate indicators documented substantial Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows into metallurgical industrial parks, the sub-national distributional consequences remained critically underexplored prior to this study. Employing a Spatial Durbin Difference-in-Differences (SDM-DiD) framework applied to a balanced provincial panel of 34 Indonesian provinces across the period 2015 to 2024 (N = 340 observations), this study empirically decomposed the direct, indirect (spatial spillover), and total effects of the export ban on regional economic growth and income inequality. The treatment group comprised the three primary nickel-downstreaming hub provinces: Central Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, and North Maluku. Moran's I statistics confirmed significant spatial autocorrelation across all study years (range: 0.245-0.312, p < 0.001), validating the spatial modeling approach. The SDM-DiD estimation revealed a significant positive direct effect on regional GDP per capita in treated provinces (beta = 0.084, SE = 0.019, p < 0.001), confirming localized growth. However, the spatial spillover effect was significantly negative (theta = -0.052, SE = 0.021, p = 0.013), documenting a pronounced backwash effect on adjacent provinces. Within treated regions, income inequality widened significantly (Gini direct effect: beta = 0.018, p < 0.001), driven by skill-biased structural transformation associated with capital-intensive smelting operations. These findings established that Indonesia's hilirisasi mandate functions structurally as an enclave industrialization model, generating spatial polarization rather than inclusive regional development. Inter-regional fiscal equalization, enforceable backward linkage obligations, and peripheral human capital investment are identified as critical complementary policy mechanisms.
Co-Authors Dian Rahayu Henry Peter Paul Selma Fajic