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All Journal GALENICAL : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Mahasiswa Malikussaleh Sciences of Pharmacy
Safitri, Amanda
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary

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Kematian Anak akibat Pneumonia : Tinjauan Literatur tentang Peran Deteksi Dini dan Intervensi Medis Safitri, Amanda; Prisca, Nazwa; Salsabila, Sabrina; Fauzi, Harry; Ariyanto, Januar
GALENICAL : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Mahasiswa Malikussaleh Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): GALENICAL : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Mahasiswa Malikussaleh - Agustus 20
Publisher : Program Studi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jkkmm.v4i4.22457

Abstract

Pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama kematian pada anak di bawah lima tahun, terutama di negara berkembang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah peran deteksi dini dan intervensi medis dalam menurunkan angka kematian anak akibat pneumonia. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan tinjauan literatur terhadap 4 artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan dalam lima tahun terakhir dan relevan dengan topik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa deteksi dini melalui pemantauan gejala pernapasan, penggunaan pulse oximetry, dan pendekatan berbasis komunitas mampu meningkatkan kecepatan penanganan kasus pneumonia. Sementara itu, intervensi medis seperti pemberian antibiotik yang tepat dan terapi oksigen terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan angka kematian. Keberhasilan deteksi dan intervensi juga dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan, pelatihan tenaga medis, dan dukungan sistem kesehatan. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa strategi penurunan kematian akibat pneumonia harus bersifat komprehensif dengan menggabungkan deteksi dini, intervensi medis yang tepat, dan penguatan sistem pelayanan kesehatan.
Liposomal Gel of Centella asiatica: Antioxidant Activity and Release Profile Indriaty, Sulistiorini; Firmansyah, Deni; Utami, Mima Eliestya; Karlina, Nina; Suharyani, Ine; Haidar, Hilal; Safitri, Amanda; Setiawati, Elis
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0404437

Abstract

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban contains flavonoids and triterpenoids with strong antioxidant activity; however, its topical bioavailability is limited by poor solubility. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate liposomal gel systems containing a 70% ethanol extract of C. asiatica to enhance dermal penetration while preserving antioxidant activity. The extract was incorporated into liposomes using a lecithin–cholesterol ratio of 9:1 and formulated into gels at concentrations of 0.3% (FG1) and 0.5% (FG2). Physicochemical characterization showed mean particle sizes of 119.8 ± 7.21 nm (FG1) and 101.3 ± 6.55 nm (FG2), with polydispersity index values of 0.410 and 0.306, respectively, indicating acceptable vesicle homogeneity across three independent replicates (n = 3). The formulations were physically stable for two weeks at 4 °C but exhibited instability at elevated temperatures. Antioxidant activity evaluated using the DPPH assay yielded IC₅₀ values of 13.87 ± 0.02 µg/mL for FG1 and 13.97 ± 0.06 µg/mL for FG2, which were not significantly different (p > 0.05) from vitamin C (9.16 ± 0.06 µg/mL), indicating preservation of radical-scavenging capacity. In vitro permeation studies using Franz diffusion cells demonstrated cumulative quercetin penetration of 280.86 ± 1.12 µg/cm² for FG1 and 314.40 ± 0.93 µg/cm² for FG2 over 4 h, with FG2 showing significantly higher flux (p < 0.05). Release kinetics followed a zero-order model (R² = 0.9881–0.9914), suggesting controlled release behavior. Overall, liposomal gel formulations show potential for improving topical delivery of C. asiatica without overstating long-term stability or therapeutic superiority.
Co-Authors Ariyanto, Januar Deni Firmansyah Elis Setiawati, Elis Haidar, Hilal Harry Fauzi, Harry Nina Karlina Prisca, Nazwa Salsabila, Sabrina Suharyani, Ine Sulistiorini Indriaty Utami, Mima Eliestya