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Androgenic Alopecia: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management Maudina, Baiq Zaskia; Wahyudi, Reza Rizwandipa; Dzulilmi, Dhaifatu; Salsabila D.P, Septy Rianty; Prameswari, Devi Shanti; Fauzan, Naufal Revaldy; Saithanya G.D, Ni Made; Bramantyo, Rofi; Putri, Alifia Sabira; Rizqi, Amanda Suana; Salsabila, Ruhaniah Najwa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10182

Abstract

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss in men and women, caused by a complex interaction of genetic and hormonal factors, particularly dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This condition is characterized by the miniaturization of hair follicles and changes in hair growth patterns, which affect the physical and psychological aspects of the sufferers. This article is prepared through a literature review from various recent scientific sources discussing the definition, etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, complications, and prognosis of AGA. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is triggered by genetic predisposition, follicle sensitivity to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and supporting factors such as malnutrition, aging, and vascular disorders. The pattern of baldness differs in men and women, assessed using the Hamilton–Norwood or Ludwig scale. Diagnosis is established through history taking, physical examination, and supportive tests. Management includes topical and systemic therapy, supplements, hair transplantation, and low-level laser therapy (LLLT). AGA is also associated with the risk of actinic keratosis, cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women. AGA is a progressive chronic condition with multifactorial etiology. Early and appropriate management can slow progression and improve the quality of life of patients. Therapy is individualized, tailored to the degree of severity, gender, and patient response to treatment.
Literature review: Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) Bramantyo, Rofi; Fauzan, Naufal Revaldy; Wahyudi, Reza Rizwandipa; Dzulilmi, Dhaifatu; Putri, Septy Rianty Salsabilla Dwi; Prameswari, Devi Shanti; Dhevi, Ni Made Shaithanya Gitanjali; Putri, Alifia Sabira; Maudina, Baiq Zaskia; Rizqi, Amanda Suana; Salsabila, Ruhaniah Najwa; Wardani, Indah Sapta
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.8362

Abstract

Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is a group of monogenic genetic disorders that cause diabetes with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, generally appearing before the age of 25. MODY is caused by gene mutations affecting pancreatic beta cell function, with 14 genetic subtypes identified. Diagnosis is often delayed or incorrect, as symptoms resemble type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The diagnosis of MODY is diagnosed through family history, clinical examination, and genetic analysis. MODY treatment is tailored to the genetic subtype, including lifestyle changes, sulfonylureas, and insulin, is tailored to the genetic subtype. Prognosis and risk of complications vary depending on the subtype, with MODY 2 (GCK) having the best prognosis. Prevention includes genetic testing for individuals with a family history of MODY, as well as lifestyle modifications to reduce the risk of complications. Patient education is important to ensure optimal management and prevention of long-term complications. This journal aims to learn more about the following definitions, to prognosis and education of MODY.
Efektivitas Intervensi Berbasis Self-Helpdalam Penatalaksanaan Depresi: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka Fauzan , Naufal Revaldy; Maudina, Baiq Zaskia; Salsabila, Ruhaniah Najwa; Putri, Alifia Sabira
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 12 No 2 (2025): JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol. 12.2 (2025)
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.v12i2.871

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Depresi merupakan masalah kesehatan mental dengan prevalensi tinggi dan berisiko menyebabkan bunuh diri. Keterbatasan akses layanan profesional mendorong pengembangan intervensi mandiri atau self-help sebagai solusi mengatasi depresi. Tinjauan pustaka ini dilakukan untuk menelaah berbagai pendekatan self-help yang umum digunakan, mengevaluasi bukti efektivitasnya, serta mengidentifikasi kelebihan, keterbatasan, dan implementasi. Metode: Studi ini berupa tinjauan pustaka terhadap literatur ilmiah dan tinjauan sistematik serta meta-analisis terkait intervensi self-help untuk depresi. Sumber yang dibahas meliputi artikel penelitian, artikel review, dan pedoman terkini yang relevan hingga 15 tahun terakhir. Pembahasan: Tinjauan pustaka ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa pendekatan self-help untuk menangani depresi, seperti mindfulness, expressive writing, behavioral activation, serta pola hidup sehat. Beberapa pendekatan ini memiliki efek positif untuk menurunkan gejala depresi. Metode self-help untuk mengatasi depresi memiliki kelebihan dalam aksesibilitas, fleksibilitas, dan kemandirian. Namun demikian, terdapat keterbatasan jugas berupa variabilitas kualitas intervensi, rendahnya literasi dan kemampuan digital, serta efektivitas yang cenderung lebih rendah dibandingkan terapi depresi oleh tenaga profesional. Simpulan: Terapi depresi berbasis self-help dapat menurunkan gejala depresi dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan emosional apabila dilaksanakan secara tepat, terstruktur, dan konsisten. Pendekatan ini cocok sebagai intervensi awal atau sebagai pelengkap ketika akses ke layanan profesional terbatas. Namun demikian, diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk menstandarkan protokol implementasi, menilai efektivitas jangka panjang, dan mengembangkan strategi yang efektif agar manfaatnya dapat dimaksimalkan secara aman dan berkelanjutan.