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All Journal Jurnal An-Najat: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Obat: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Pharmacia
Eka Kumala Retno
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Analisis Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat Tanaman Sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida L.) pada Bakteri Shigella Dysenterie A. Nurul Fitriandini Ekaputri; Indah Woro Utami; Eka Kumala Retno
An-Najat Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Agustus : An-Najat : Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Ibnu Sina Ajibarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59841/an-najat.v3i4.3356

Abstract

Dysentery is a gastrointestinal infection characterized by bloody or mucoid diarrhea, abdominal pain, and tenesmus. One of its main causative agents is Shigella dysenteriae , a Gram-negative bacterium capable of causing epidemics and showing resistance to various antibiotics. Therefore, alternative treatments are needed, one of which is the use of traditional medicinal plants such as Peperomia pellucida L. (“sirih cina”). This study aimed to determine the ability of the ethyl acetate extract of Peperomia pellucida L to inhibit the growth of Shigella dysenteriae , and to identify the most effective concentration in exhibiting antibacterial activity. The research was conducted experimentally in the laboratory, involving simplisia preparation, maceration extraction with ethyl acetate, phytochemical screening, and antibacterial testing using the agar well diffusion method. Three extract concentrations were tested (20%, 25%, and 30%), with ciprofloxacin (5 µg) as the positive control and 5% DMSO as the negative control. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, while alkaloids, steroids, and saponins were not detected. Antibacterial assays showed that all extract concentrations inhibited the growth of S. dysenteriae with inhibition zones >20 mm (classified as very strong). The highest activity was observed at 30% concentration with an average inhibition zone of ±22.6 mm, approaching the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin. This study demonstrates that the ethyl acetate extract of P. pellucida possesses strong antibacterial activity and has potential as an alternative or combination therapy to reduce antibiotic resistance.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% AKAR SENGGANI (Melastoma malabathricum L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Salmonella typhi rapiah, rapiah juanda nur10; Rofidah Nur Umar; Eka Kumala Retno
PHARMACIA Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Pharmacy
Publisher : Program Studi Farmasi Universitas Mulia

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Abstract

Demam tifoid merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang masih sering terjadi di Indonesia dan disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Salmonella typhi. Terapi utama yang umum digunakan adalah pemberian antibiotik, namun penggunaannya dalam jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan resistensi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alternatif pengobatan yang lebih aman, salah satunya melalui pemanfaatan bahan alam. Akar senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.) diketahui mengandung senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid, saponin, tanin, triterpenoid, dan alkaloid yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96% akar senggani terhadap Salmonella typhi serta menentukan konsentrasi efektifnya. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak sebesar 25%, 50%, dan 75%, serta menggunakan amoksisilin sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak akar senggani mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Salmonella typhi, dengan zona hambat terbesar tercatat pada konsentrasi 75% (11,26 mm). Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antar konsentrasi(p < 0,05). Dengan demikian, ekstrak etanol 96% akar senggani memiliki potensi sebagai agen antibakteri alternatif terhadap infeksi Salmonella typhi.
Evaluasi Pengkajian Pelayanan Resep Manual dan Telemedicine di Apotek Bio's Farma Balikpapan Sinurat, Selvia; Fitri Ayu Wahyuni; Eka Kumala Retno
PHARMACIA Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Pharmacy
Publisher : Program Studi Farmasi Universitas Mulia

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Abstract

Pelayanan kefarmasian merupakan layanan langsung dan bertanggung jawab kepada pasien, terutama terkait penyediaan obat yang aman dan rasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kelengkapan dan kesesuaian pengkajian resep manual dan telemedicine berdasarkan Permenkes No. 73 Tahun 2016 di Apotek Bio’s Farma Kota Balikpapan. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dan data dikumpulkan secara prospektif dari 96 resep manual dan 96 resep telemedicine pada periode Agustus hingga November 2024. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi dan checklist pengkajian administratif, farmasetik, dan klinis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa resep telemedicine memiliki tingkat kelengkapan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan resep manual, terutama dalam aspek klinis seperti cara pakai, lama penggunaan obat, dan deteksi interaksi obat. Resep manual menunjukkan kekurangan signifikan pada pencantuman berat badan, paraf dokter, dan informasi klinis. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa sistem telemedicine menunjukkan keunggulan dalam hal kelengkapan dan keamanan pengkajian resep. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan sistem dokumentasi pada resep manual dan pelatihan kepada tenaga kefarmasian sangat diperlukan untuk menurunkan risiko medication error.
Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Penggunan Obat Antidiabetes pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit TK. II Dr. R. Hardjanto Balikpapan Suci Indah Rachmayani; Eka Kumala Retno; Warantia Citta Citti Putri
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Maret: OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v4i2.2089

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence and requires long-term therapy, resulting in a significant economic burden on healthcare systems. This study aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of antidiabetic drug use among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in the inpatient unit of Dr. R. Hardjanto Hospital, Balikpapan. This research employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach and retrospective data collection from medical records and administrative data for the period January–December 2023. A total of 54 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included as study samples. Therapeutic effectiveness was assessed based on the achievement of random blood glucose levels ≤200 mg/dL, while the analysis focused on direct medical costs. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER) and Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). The results showed that Metformin–Apidra therapy achieved higher clinical effectiveness (92%) with an average cost of IDR 3,636,721 and an ACER value of IDR 39,529. Meanwhile, Glimepiride–Sansulin therapy demonstrated 81% effectiveness with a lower average cost of IDR 2,519,259 and an ACER value of IDR 31,101. The ICER value of IDR 10,158 indicates the additional cost required to achieve a 1% increase in effectiveness. In conclusion, Metformin–Apidra therapy is more clinically effective, whereas Glimepiride–Sansulin therapy is more cost-effective economically.
Co-Authors A. Nurul Fitriandini Ekaputri Fitri Ayu Wahyuni Indah Woro Utami rapiah, rapiah juanda nur10 Rofidah Nur Umar Sinurat, Selvia Suci Indah Rachmayani Warantia Citta Citti Putri