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All Journal Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Enigma in Cultural
Aman Suparman
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Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Echoes of Empire: The Politics of Repatriation and Decolonial Praxis in 21st-Century European Museums Alex Putra Pratama; Christian Napitupulu; Aman Suparman; Omar Alieva
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v3i2.107

Abstract

The universalist claims of major European museums are built upon collections inextricably linked to the history of colonial violence and asymmetrical power. In the 21st century, a global movement demanding the repatriation of cultural heritage has challenged the very ethical and political foundations of these institutions. This study investigates the complex dynamics governing repatriation and the significant gap between museums' stated decolonial ambitions and their institutional practices, treating this dysfunction as a form of structural pathology. This study employed a mixed-methods approach grounded in a decolonial methodological awareness. The first phase consisted of a systematic thematic analysis of 188 policy documents from 25 major European museums (2019-2025), identifying the core logic of institutional responses to repatriation claims. The second phase developed a heuristic framework—a qualitative analytical model—to explore the logical outcomes of this institutional logic across three archetypal scenarios: a high-profile plunder case, a contested acquisition, and the return of ancestral remains. This model is presented not as a predictive tool, but as a framework for making the power structures and pathogenic mechanisms of holding institutions more legible. The documentary analysis revealed four key symptoms of a systemic pathology: a pervasive "rhetoric-practice gap"; the use of provenance research as both a facilitator and a barrier to claims; the strategic invocation of legal inalienability as an institutional defense; and a clear hierarchy of "returnable" heritage. The heuristic framework demonstrated that claims were most successful when high diplomatic pressure and clear evidence of looting created an overwhelming political imperative, while claims with ambiguity were likely to result in a chronic stalemate or offers of long-term loans. In conclusion, repatriation is not a simple administrative process but a deeply political and affective struggle shaped by enduring colonial power asymmetries. Genuine decolonial praxis requires more than institutional rhetoric of "slow ethics"; it necessitates treating the issue as a structural pathology requiring fundamental legal and systemic reforms, a shift in the burden of proof, and an acknowledgment of repatriation as an act of epistemic and restorative justice for source communities.
Digital Cynicism and the Eroding Social Contract: A Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of Youth Political Trust and State-Led Counter-Narratives in Indonesia (2019–2025) Aman Suparman; Mary-Jane Wood; Omar Alieva; Henny Kesuma
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 5 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i5.306

Abstract

The 2019 #ReformasiDikorupsi movement served as a watershed moment for Indonesian youth activism. However, the subsequent six years have witnessed a transition from active mobilization to a state of pervasive digital cynicism. This study investigates the longitudinal impact of state-led counter-narratives on the political trust of Gen Z and Millennials. Utilizing a longitudinal panel design, we analyzed a cohort of 2,400 respondents across 34 Indonesian provinces from 2019 to 2025. We employed Structural Equation Modeling to test the mediating role of digital cynicism between exposure to state-led counter-narratives and institutional trust. Findings indicate that while state counter-narratives initially neutralized protest sentiment, they triggered a significant long-term surge in digital cynicism (beta = 0.48, p < 0.001). This cynicism acts as a primary barrier to formal political engagement, leading to a trust deficit that has deepened by 32 percent since 2019. The study concludes that state efforts to manage online dissent through top-down narratives have paradoxically undermined democratic legitimacy among the youth. The shift from #ReformasiDikorupsi to digital cynicism represents a fundamental decoupling of the youth from the state’s democratic promises.
Digital Cynicism and the Eroding Social Contract: A Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of Youth Political Trust and State-Led Counter-Narratives in Indonesia (2019–2025) Aman Suparman; Mary-Jane Wood; Omar Alieva; Henny Kesuma
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 5 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i5.306

Abstract

The 2019 #ReformasiDikorupsi movement served as a watershed moment for Indonesian youth activism. However, the subsequent six years have witnessed a transition from active mobilization to a state of pervasive digital cynicism. This study investigates the longitudinal impact of state-led counter-narratives on the political trust of Gen Z and Millennials. Utilizing a longitudinal panel design, we analyzed a cohort of 2,400 respondents across 34 Indonesian provinces from 2019 to 2025. We employed Structural Equation Modeling to test the mediating role of digital cynicism between exposure to state-led counter-narratives and institutional trust. Findings indicate that while state counter-narratives initially neutralized protest sentiment, they triggered a significant long-term surge in digital cynicism (beta = 0.48, p < 0.001). This cynicism acts as a primary barrier to formal political engagement, leading to a trust deficit that has deepened by 32 percent since 2019. The study concludes that state efforts to manage online dissent through top-down narratives have paradoxically undermined democratic legitimacy among the youth. The shift from #ReformasiDikorupsi to digital cynicism represents a fundamental decoupling of the youth from the state’s democratic promises.
Co-Authors Alex Putra Pratama Christian Napitupulu Henny Kesuma Mary-Jane Wood Omar Alieva