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All Journal Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal Enigma in Cultural
Omar Alieva
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Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Empowering Educators, Supporting Students: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of a Train-the-Trainer Model for School Mental Health in Indonesia Ahmad Badruddin; Omar Alieva; Ifah Shandy; Henny Kesuma; Benyamin Wongso; Winata Putri; Habiburrahman Said
Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/icejournal.v5i2.49

Abstract

Adolescent mental health is a pressing concern in urban Indonesian schools, where a significant gap exists between student needs and the availability of professional support. This study evaluated the efficacy of a culturally-adapted, school-based "Train-the-Trainer" (TtT) community service model designed to build sustainable mental health support capacity by empowering teachers. A quasi-experimental study with a matched control group was conducted in 20 public high schools in South Sumatera, Indonesia. Ten schools (n=150 teachers, n=1500 students) received the TtT intervention, where core teachers were trained to cascade mental health literacy and foundational support skills to their peers. Ten matched schools (n=145 teachers, n=1450 students) served as a control group. Data on teacher self-efficacy, student-reported support awareness, and school mental health policies were collected at baseline, 6-months, and 12-months. A linear mixed-effects model revealed a significant time-by-group interaction, with teachers in the intervention group reporting substantially higher confidence in supporting students at 12 months (M=4.15, 95% CI [4.01, 4.29]) compared to the control group (M=2.51, 95% CI [2.37, 2.65]), a large effect (d=2.41). Intervention students were significantly more likely to know how to access support (78% vs. 27%; OR=9.82, 95% CI [8.11, 11.89], p < 0.001). Intervention schools demonstrated a massive increase in formalized mental health protocols compared to control schools (IRR=7.94, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the TtT model is a highly effective and scalable strategy for building a foundational mental health support system within existing school structures in resource-constrained settings. By investing in local educators, this model fosters a sustainable, multi-tiered support ecosystem, offering a viable pathway for national policy and practice in Indonesia.
Ephemeral Inscriptions: Graffiti, Gentrification, and the Struggle for Public Space in the Indonesian Metropolis Bimala Putri; Omar Alieva; Henny Kesuma; Ifah Shandy; Ni Made Nova Indriyani
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v3i1.105

Abstract

The visual landscape of the contemporary city is a contested terrain where cultural expression and economic forces collide. This study investigates the complex relationship between graffiti practices and gentrification in Indonesia, moving beyond a simple resistance-versus-commodity binary to analyze graffiti as a dialectical force in urban transformation. It examines how graffiti functions as a mode of spatial inscription, a carrier of urban affect, and a critical barometer of the struggle for the right to the city in the Global South. This research employed a longitudinal, mixed-methods, comparative case study design, focusing on the Glok district in Jakarta and the Braga district in Bandung (2019-2025). The methodology integrated quantitative spatio-temporal GIS analysis of 1,250 graffiti pieces correlated with economic data, and a systematic content analysis of their form and themes. This was triangulated with deep qualitative data from 24 months of ethnographic fieldwork and 45 semi-structured interviews with artists, residents, and officials. A critical positionality statement reflects on the ethical praxis of the research. The findings reveal a clear trajectory where illicit, text-based graffiti, initially prevalent in peripheral spaces, created a subcultural "symbolic economy." This was followed by a spatial and formal shift towards large-scale, sanctioned murals in prime commercial zones. Quantitative analysis established a strong correlation (r = 0.78) between mural density and rising commercial rents, but this is interpreted cautiously to avoid assumptions of direct causality. Ethnographic vignettes and interview data reveal the affective dimensions of this transformation, highlighting how the changing streetscape is experienced as a loss of place by long-term residents and consumed as an aesthetic "vibe" by newcomers, while artists navigate complex issues of agency and co-optation. In conclusion, the evolution of graffiti from illicit inscription to curated aesthetic mirrors the process of gentrification. The study concludes that while the co-optation of street art is a powerful force in neoliberal place-branding, the practice remains a site of contested agency and meaning-making. The concept of "ephemeral inscriptions" is proposed to better capture the performative, transient, and deeply political nature of these markings as they chronicle the ongoing struggle for spatial justice.
Echoes of Empire: The Politics of Repatriation and Decolonial Praxis in 21st-Century European Museums Alex Putra Pratama; Christian Napitupulu; Aman Suparman; Omar Alieva
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v3i2.107

Abstract

The universalist claims of major European museums are built upon collections inextricably linked to the history of colonial violence and asymmetrical power. In the 21st century, a global movement demanding the repatriation of cultural heritage has challenged the very ethical and political foundations of these institutions. This study investigates the complex dynamics governing repatriation and the significant gap between museums' stated decolonial ambitions and their institutional practices, treating this dysfunction as a form of structural pathology. This study employed a mixed-methods approach grounded in a decolonial methodological awareness. The first phase consisted of a systematic thematic analysis of 188 policy documents from 25 major European museums (2019-2025), identifying the core logic of institutional responses to repatriation claims. The second phase developed a heuristic framework—a qualitative analytical model—to explore the logical outcomes of this institutional logic across three archetypal scenarios: a high-profile plunder case, a contested acquisition, and the return of ancestral remains. This model is presented not as a predictive tool, but as a framework for making the power structures and pathogenic mechanisms of holding institutions more legible. The documentary analysis revealed four key symptoms of a systemic pathology: a pervasive "rhetoric-practice gap"; the use of provenance research as both a facilitator and a barrier to claims; the strategic invocation of legal inalienability as an institutional defense; and a clear hierarchy of "returnable" heritage. The heuristic framework demonstrated that claims were most successful when high diplomatic pressure and clear evidence of looting created an overwhelming political imperative, while claims with ambiguity were likely to result in a chronic stalemate or offers of long-term loans. In conclusion, repatriation is not a simple administrative process but a deeply political and affective struggle shaped by enduring colonial power asymmetries. Genuine decolonial praxis requires more than institutional rhetoric of "slow ethics"; it necessitates treating the issue as a structural pathology requiring fundamental legal and systemic reforms, a shift in the burden of proof, and an acknowledgment of repatriation as an act of epistemic and restorative justice for source communities.
Co-Authors Ahmad Badruddin Alex Putra Pratama Aman Suparman Benyamin Wongso Bimala Putri Christian Napitupulu Habiburrahman Said Henny Kesuma Ifah Shandy Ni Made Nova Indriyani Winata Putri