Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Empowering Educators, Supporting Students: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of a Train-the-Trainer Model for School Mental Health in Indonesia Ahmad Badruddin; Omar Alieva; Ifah Shandy; Henny Kesuma; Benyamin Wongso; Winata Putri; Habiburrahman Said
Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Indonesian Community Empowerment Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/icejournal.v5i2.49

Adolescent mental health is a pressing concern in urban Indonesian schools, where a significant gap exists between student needs and the availability of professional support. This study evaluated the efficacy of a culturally-adapted, school-based "Train-the-Trainer" (TtT) community service model designed to build sustainable mental health support capacity by empowering teachers. A quasi-experimental study with a matched control group was conducted in 20 public high schools in South Sumatera, Indonesia. Ten schools (n=150 teachers, n=1500 students) received the TtT intervention, where core teachers were trained to cascade mental health literacy and foundational support skills to their peers. Ten matched schools (n=145 teachers, n=1450 students) served as a control group. Data on teacher self-efficacy, student-reported support awareness, and school mental health policies were collected at baseline, 6-months, and 12-months. A linear mixed-effects model revealed a significant time-by-group interaction, with teachers in the intervention group reporting substantially higher confidence in supporting students at 12 months (M=4.15, 95% CI [4.01, 4.29]) compared to the control group (M=2.51, 95% CI [2.37, 2.65]), a large effect (d=2.41). Intervention students were significantly more likely to know how to access support (78% vs. 27%; OR=9.82, 95% CI [8.11, 11.89], p < 0.001). Intervention schools demonstrated a massive increase in formalized mental health protocols compared to control schools (IRR=7.94, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the TtT model is a highly effective and scalable strategy for building a foundational mental health support system within existing school structures in resource-constrained settings. By investing in local educators, this model fosters a sustainable, multi-tiered support ecosystem, offering a viable pathway for national policy and practice in Indonesia.

Ephemeral Inscriptions: Graffiti, Gentrification, and the Struggle for Public Space in the Indonesian Metropolis Bimala Putri; Omar Alieva; Henny Kesuma; Ifah Shandy; Ni Made Nova Indriyani
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v3i1.105

The visual landscape of the contemporary city is a contested terrain where cultural expression and economic forces collide. This study investigates the complex relationship between graffiti practices and gentrification in Indonesia, moving beyond a simple resistance-versus-commodity binary to analyze graffiti as a dialectical force in urban transformation. It examines how graffiti functions as a mode of spatial inscription, a carrier of urban affect, and a critical barometer of the struggle for the right to the city in the Global South. This research employed a longitudinal, mixed-methods, comparative case study design, focusing on the Glok district in Jakarta and the Braga district in Bandung (2019-2025). The methodology integrated quantitative spatio-temporal GIS analysis of 1,250 graffiti pieces correlated with economic data, and a systematic content analysis of their form and themes. This was triangulated with deep qualitative data from 24 months of ethnographic fieldwork and 45 semi-structured interviews with artists, residents, and officials. A critical positionality statement reflects on the ethical praxis of the research. The findings reveal a clear trajectory where illicit, text-based graffiti, initially prevalent in peripheral spaces, created a subcultural "symbolic economy." This was followed by a spatial and formal shift towards large-scale, sanctioned murals in prime commercial zones. Quantitative analysis established a strong correlation (r = 0.78) between mural density and rising commercial rents, but this is interpreted cautiously to avoid assumptions of direct causality. Ethnographic vignettes and interview data reveal the affective dimensions of this transformation, highlighting how the changing streetscape is experienced as a loss of place by long-term residents and consumed as an aesthetic "vibe" by newcomers, while artists navigate complex issues of agency and co-optation. In conclusion, the evolution of graffiti from illicit inscription to curated aesthetic mirrors the process of gentrification. The study concludes that while the co-optation of street art is a powerful force in neoliberal place-branding, the practice remains a site of contested agency and meaning-making. The concept of "ephemeral inscriptions" is proposed to better capture the performative, transient, and deeply political nature of these markings as they chronicle the ongoing struggle for spatial justice.

Digital Cynicism and the Eroding Social Contract: A Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of Youth Political Trust and State-Led Counter-Narratives in Indonesia (2019–2025) Aman Suparman; Mary-Jane Wood; Omar Alieva; Henny Kesuma
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 5 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i5.306

The 2019 #ReformasiDikorupsi movement served as a watershed moment for Indonesian youth activism. However, the subsequent six years have witnessed a transition from active mobilization to a state of pervasive digital cynicism. This study investigates the longitudinal impact of state-led counter-narratives on the political trust of Gen Z and Millennials. Utilizing a longitudinal panel design, we analyzed a cohort of 2,400 respondents across 34 Indonesian provinces from 2019 to 2025. We employed Structural Equation Modeling to test the mediating role of digital cynicism between exposure to state-led counter-narratives and institutional trust. Findings indicate that while state counter-narratives initially neutralized protest sentiment, they triggered a significant long-term surge in digital cynicism (beta = 0.48, p < 0.001). This cynicism acts as a primary barrier to formal political engagement, leading to a trust deficit that has deepened by 32 percent since 2019. The study concludes that state efforts to manage online dissent through top-down narratives have paradoxically undermined democratic legitimacy among the youth. The shift from #ReformasiDikorupsi to digital cynicism represents a fundamental decoupling of the youth from the state’s democratic promises.

Digital Cynicism and the Eroding Social Contract: A Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of Youth Political Trust and State-Led Counter-Narratives in Indonesia (2019–2025) Aman Suparman; Mary-Jane Wood; Omar Alieva; Henny Kesuma
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 5 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i5.306

The 2019 #ReformasiDikorupsi movement served as a watershed moment for Indonesian youth activism. However, the subsequent six years have witnessed a transition from active mobilization to a state of pervasive digital cynicism. This study investigates the longitudinal impact of state-led counter-narratives on the political trust of Gen Z and Millennials. Utilizing a longitudinal panel design, we analyzed a cohort of 2,400 respondents across 34 Indonesian provinces from 2019 to 2025. We employed Structural Equation Modeling to test the mediating role of digital cynicism between exposure to state-led counter-narratives and institutional trust. Findings indicate that while state counter-narratives initially neutralized protest sentiment, they triggered a significant long-term surge in digital cynicism (beta = 0.48, p < 0.001). This cynicism acts as a primary barrier to formal political engagement, leading to a trust deficit that has deepened by 32 percent since 2019. The study concludes that state efforts to manage online dissent through top-down narratives have paradoxically undermined democratic legitimacy among the youth. The shift from #ReformasiDikorupsi to digital cynicism represents a fundamental decoupling of the youth from the state’s democratic promises.

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