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All Journal Pena Teknik : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu Teknik Jurnal Teknologi Maritim
Firmansyah, Moch. Aria
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Analisis Variasi Jenis Elektroda Buffer Layer Pada Proses Hardfacing Material ASTM A216 WCB Terhadap Uji Visual, Uji Penetran Dan Makro Toto, Alvalo; Al Amin, Mochammad Karim; Wahyudi, M. Thoriq; Budi Kurniyanto, Hendri; Amri, Moh. Syaiful; Firmansyah, Moch. Aria; Leonard, Rikky
Jurnal Teknologi Maritim Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Teknologi Maritim (In Press)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35991/jtm.v9i1.76

Abstract

ASTM A216 WCB is a cast carbon steel material commonly used in valve components due to its good mechanical properties and resistance to high temperatures. One of the major issues encountered in its application is surface wear. To enhance surface hardness and wear resistance, a hardfacing process was conducted using the GTAW welding method. This involved the application of buffer layers using ER308 and ER309 filler metals, followed by hardfacing layers of Stellite 12. A total of four specimens were prepared with varying combinations of buffer and hardfacing layer numbers. The visual inspection results indicated the absence of surface defects in all specimens, demonstrating good welding quality. Dye penetrant testing revealed a non-relevant indication on specimen 3 with a size of 1.3 mm, which remains within the acceptable limits as per ASME Section IX standards. Macroscopic examination showed sound fusion between layers, free from defects such as porosity or cracks. The deepest weld penetration was observed in specimen 4, which used the ER309 buffer layer, achieving a depth of 1.5 mm. Overall, the use of ER308 and ER309 buffer layers significantly influenced the quality of the hardfacing welds, contributing to the formation of homogeneous and defect-free layers. This study provides valuable insight into material selection and welding parameters to improve wear resistance in ASTM A216 WCB-based valve components within industrial environments.
Analysis of Variation in the Number of Layers in the Hardfacing Process of ASTM A216 WCB Material on Hardness, Wear, and Microstructure Wibowo, Alvalo Toto; Al Amin, Mochammad Karim; Wahyudi, Mohammad Thoriq; Kurniyanto, Hendri Budi; Amri, Moh. Syaiful; Firmansyah, Moch. Aria; Leonard, Rikky; Wijaya, Alvido Toto
PENA TEKNIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Teknik VOLUME 10 NUMBER 2 SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Andi Djemma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51557/yknegr07

Abstract

The selection of transportation fleets plays a crucial role in determining the cost efficiency of logistics operations. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of investing in company-owned vehicles compared to using third-party rental services on the Bandung–KTSH route operated by PT X. Using a quantitative approach with a causal associative design, this research applies the Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) method supported by investment feasibility analysis tools including Cash Flow, Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PBP). The analysis shows that the average daily operational cost of company-owned vehicles reaches IDR 1.904.479, which is higher than the rental cost of IDR 1.865.385 per day. Additionally, the results show a negative NPV (-IDR 344.739.419), negative IRR (–11%), and an unattainable payback period within the 5-year investment horizon. Therefore, it is concluded that using leased vehicles is more cost-efficient than investing in company-owned trucks for this specific route.   DOI: https://doi.org/10.51557/yknegr07
Co-Authors Budi Kurniyanto, Hendri Kurniyanto, Hendri Budi Leonard, Rikky M. Thoriq Wahyudi Mochammad Karim Al Amin Moh. Syaiful Amri Toto, Alvalo Wahyudi, Mohammad Thoriq Wibowo, Alvalo Toto Wijaya, Alvido Toto