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All Journal Chimica et Natura Acta Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia
Pitri, Rosiana
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Chemical Fingerprint Berbasis Spektroskopi Inframerah (ATR-FTIR) Dipadukan dengan Kemometrik Untuk Kontrol Kualitas Daun Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa Korth.) Ragil, Ragil; Aninda, Dea; Pitri, Rosiana; Sailendra, Pingkan Ramadhan; Masriani, Masriani; Heryanto, Rudi
Chimica et Natura Acta Vol 12, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cna.v12.n1.51276

Abstract

Kratom dijuluki sebagai daun narkotika dari Kalimantan yang memiliki berbagai efek biologi seperti antiinflamasi dan antinoseptif. Secara tradisional daun kratom digunakan untuk menambah stamina, mengobati diare, sakit perut, susah tidur, kolesterol, asam urat, dan diabetes. Permintaan daun kratom di pasaran begitu tinggi sehingga memunculkan masalah berupa pemalsuan daun tersebut dari tanaman yang memiliki kemiripan morfologi.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan metode  analisis  untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengautentikasi  daun kratom  dari daun jambu biji. Data hasil analisis ATR-FTIR dikombinasikan dengan analisis kemometrika untuk mengklasifikasikan serta mengelompokan data tersebut, sehingga dapat membedakan daun kratom dan daun jambu biji. Metode analisis ATR-FTIR yang dipadukan dengan analisis kemometrik melalui pemodelan PCA (Principal Component Analysis) dan PLS-DA (Partial Least SquaresDiscriminant Analysis) mampu membedakan daun kratom dan daun jambu biji. PCA dengan nilai PC 90% mampu mengelompokkan sampel daun kratom dan daun jambu biji. Model PLSDA berhasil memprediksi keaslian sampel uji daun kratom yang telah dicampur dengan daun jambu biji. Pembuatan model prediksi daun kratom dengan PLS menghasilkan R2 kalibrasi, R2 prediksi, RMSEC, dan RMSEV masing-masing sebesar 0,9068; 0,8641; 0,1366 dan 0,1666.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa spektra ATR-FTIR dan kemometrik dapat digunakan untuk membedakan daun kratom dengan daun jambu biji serta mampu memprediksi keaslian daun kratom yang dipalsukan. 
Phytochemical Analysis of The Leaves, Roots, Stems, and Stem Bark of the Bengkal Plant (Nauclea subdita) Pitri, Rosiana; Masriani; Eka Kusuma Wardani; Kurniawan, Hengki; Rafif, Muhammad; Nabila, Chesya
Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia Vol. 13 No. 6 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/hjkk.v13i6.18508

Abstract

Bengkal (Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud) is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used for various treatments and is known to contain a wide range of secondary metabolites. However, most previous studies have focused only on the leaves, so information regarding the phytochemical composition of other plant parts remains very limited. This research is important to provide a comprehensive overview of the bioactive contents in all morphological parts of N. subdita, which have the potential to support the development of biological and pharmacological applications, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities commonly associated with alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Secondary metabolite analysis was conducted on the leaves, roots, stems, and bark using phytochemical screening. Samples were collected from Ketapang, West Kalimantan, then dried, ground, and extracted using sequential maceration with n-hexane and ethanol. The extracts were subsequently fractionated with dichloromethane (DCM) at pH 3 and pH 9. Moisture content was determined using the gravimetric method. Phytochemical screening was carried out using standard qualitative tests, including Mayer’s and Wagner’s tests for alkaloids, color tests for flavonoids and phenolics, the Liebermann–Burchard test for triterpenoids, the FeCl₃ test for tannins, and the foam test for saponins. The results showed that all parts of the plant contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, and triterpenoids, although there were variations among extracts and fractions. Tannins were detected only in the leaves, while saponins were found in the leaves, roots, and stems. These findings confirm that all parts of N. subdita possess important biological potential due to the presence of major bioactive compounds that play a role in the development of herbal medicines and nature-based therapeutic agents. This information serves as a significant initial foundation for further pharmacological research.
Co-Authors Aninda, Dea Eka Kusuma Wardani Hengki Kurniawan, Hengki Masriani . Nabila, Chesya Rafif, Muhammad Ragil, Ragil Rudi Heryanto Sailendra, Pingkan Ramadhan