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Totok K. Waluyo
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PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI EMPULUR DAN LIMBAH SERAT SAGU DENGAN METODE KIMIAWI DAN ENZIMATIS Ina Winarni; Totok K. Waluyo; Sri Komarayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 37 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2019.37.1.43-50

Abstract

Sago (Metroxylon spp.) is one of the native Indonesian plants that can be converted into biofuel or bioethanol. All parts of sago: starch, stem and midrib could be converted into bioethanol. The objective of this research is to determine ethanol production techniques made of pith and sago waste fiber using chemical and enzymatic methods. Bioethanol technique used was chemical based using hydrochloric acid solution (HCl) of 3.1; 6.2; 9.3 and 12.4% with substrate concentration of 15% (dw) and then heated by autoclave at 121–127 °C for 5, 10 and 15 minutes; pressure of 1–1.5 bar. The enzymatic method was undertaken using 0.15 ml alpha amylase enzyme and 2%, 3% and 4% cellulase. Fermentation was conducted using 0.21 g of urea addition, 0.12 g of NPK and 0.48 g of yeast for 4 days. Results showed that the pith yielded higher reducing sugar content and ethanol content than sago fiber waste either by chemical method (446.34 g/l, 51.65%) or enzymatic (15.39 g/l, 16.82%). Greater of cellulase concentration from 2% to 4% could not improve the yield of ethanol either made from pith or the wasted sago fiber through hydrolysis process.
AKTIFITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIKOAGULASI RESIN JERNANG Totok K. Waluyo; Gunawan Pasaribu
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 4 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.4.306-315

Abstract

Dragon's blood is essentially a red-colored resin secreted by the fruits of rattan species. The dragon's blood originated from Indonesia which becomes widespread in international market is indigenous from Daemonorops spp. The dragon's blood has been popularly used as traditional medicines. To confirm such dragon's blood efficacy, an assesment was already conducted regarding the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, and anticoagulant activity indicatively afforded by the dragon's blood resin produced by three rattan species, ie. Daemonorops longipes Mart, Daemonorops draco BL, and Daemonorops melanochaetes BL. Phytochemical screening aimed to identify the kinds of chemical compounds inside the dragon's blood resin; antiæcidant tests used DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl); and anticoagulation tests proceed in-vitro using rabbit blood. Results revealed that the dragon's blood from those three species, exctracted using polar (methanol) and semi-polar (ethyl acetate) solvents, contained chemical compounds which are already renowed for medicinal efficacy and potent antinccidant, e.g. flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannin. The greatest antioccidant potency was imparted by dragon's blood from Daemonorops longipes Mart, as indicated by its lowest IC value (71.89U+3,89 mgl.). The ethyl acetate dragon's blood extract, rather than promoting anticoagulat action on the rabbit-blood, in fact induced the blood coagulation, whereby the extract from Daemonorops longipes Mart performed the most effectively (shortest in coagulation time).
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN NATRIUM BISULFIT DAN PENCUCIAN ETANOL BERTINGKAT TERHADAP KUALITAS TEPUNG PORANG (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Gunawan Pasaribu; Totok K. Waluyo; Novitri Hastuti; Gustan Pari; Emma Sahara
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.3.241-248

Abstract

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is an alternative food sources from forest. Porang grows under forest canopy and potentially developed to improve food security. Naturally harvested porang contains high oxalate and less glucomannan. This paper observes possible quality improvement of porang flour in term of whiteness and glucomannan content. Porang collected from Nganjuk, East Java was quality tested and mixed with natrium bisulfite then rinse in ethanol repetitively. Results showed that the addition of sodium bisulfite improved the whiteness of porang flour for about 6.59%. Ethanol dehydration proces was able to improve glucomannan content from 12.86% to 38.11%. Fe and Ca content of mixed porang flour showed no significant difference. Porang flour from Nganjuk contained of 1,6-AnhydroBeta-D-Glucopyranose; 1,2,3,4-Cyclopentanetetrol,(1.alpha., 2.beta., 3.beta., 4.alpha.); cyclopropyl carbinol; aceticacid(CAS)ethylicacid; and hexadecanoic acid.
ANALISIS KOMPONEN KIMIA BEBERAPA KUALITAS GAHARU DENGAN KROMATOGRAFI GAS SPEKTROMETRI MASSA Gunawan Pasaribu; Totok K. Waluyo; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 3 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.3.181-185

Abstract

This paper presents the resin content and the chemical composition of some of agarwood quality using gaschromatography mass spectrometry. The quality of agarwood that tested are kemedangan C, teri C, kacangan C and superAB. The results showed that the extracts yield of various solvent of agarwood are decreasing from super AB towardkacangan C, teri C, and kemedangan C. The agarwood samples contain furan compounds and ester aromatic groups thatresponsible for agarwood's nice scent. This research showed that traditional agarwood quality classification were notobjectives.
PERBANDINGAN SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA 5 JENIS JERNANG Totok K. Waluyo
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.2.141-150

Abstract

Dragon's blood is a resin secreted from the fruit of dragon's blood rattan. The resin originated from Indonesia and known in the International market is indigenous from the so-called Daemonorops draco Blume, rattan species. Species exploration in the Sarolangun regency (Jambi province) bad found 5 rattan species that are able to produce dragon's blood. Those five species are jernang burung (Daemonorops didymophylla Bec.); jernang umbut (Daemonorops melanochactes Blume.), jernang rumbai (Daemonorops draco Blume.); jernang kalamuai (Daemonorops longipes Mart.), and jernang kepala puyub (Daemonorops sp.). Physicochemical properties of dragon's blood were done based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI 1671:2010), and identification of its compounds proceeded using the gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer. The lowest yields of dragon's blood was from D. didymophylla (1.20%), while those from other rattan species were quite bigb (11-12%). Moisture content of five rattan species ranged about 3-5%, impurities 4-6%, ash content 0-2%, and melting point 85-105°C. Dracobordin compound that serve as bio-indicator for dragon's blond is presence in all those five species. Further exploration need to be done to obtain rattan species with high potential dragon's blood resin productivity.
IDENTIFIKASI KOMPONEN KIMIA EMPAT KELAS MUTU GAHARU (KACANGAN A, TERI B, KAMEDANGAN A DAN KAMEDANGAN B) Totok K. Waluyo; F. Anwar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 30 No. 4 (2012): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2012.30.4.291-300

Abstract

Agarwood signifies as one of the non-timber forest products (NIFPs) comodities in Indonesia. The form of agarwood varies, such as lumps, chips, flour, until oil. Agarwood in incense shape will give off smells, if burnt. This experiment aimed to identify chemical components in four grades of agarwood from the best to the lowest i.e. kacangan B, teri B, kamedangan A dan kamedangan B. Identification was performed by extracting the agarwood with acetone solvent, and then the acetone extract was fractionated using gradient column chromatography method with n-bexane-ethyl acetate as eluent. Identification of compounds proceeded using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer Results of identification revealed that there were sesquiterpene compounds in the four grades of agarwood (i.e. kacangan B, teri B, kamedangan A and kamedangan B), but kinds of compounds were different from one grade to other. Chromone compounds only existed in 2 grades of agarwood covering kacangan B ubich bad 2 compounds (6-bidroxy-2-methyl-5-nitrochromone), and 3-metaxxymethyl-2,5,5,8a-tetramethyl-6,7,8,8a-tetrabydro-5H-chromone), and kamedangan A with only one compound (2,2-dimethyl-6,7-dimetawcychromone). The presence of sesquiterpene and chromone with particular portion and characteristic in each of those four agarwood grades indicatively bears their role explaining their grades from the best until the lowest.
PENGARUH METODE DAN ARAH SADAP TERHADAP PRODUKSI GETAH JELUTUNG HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI Totok K. Waluyo; I. Wahyudi; G. Santosa
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 30 No. 4 (2012): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2012.30.4.301-313

Abstract

Jelutong gum is gum typifies excudates that result from the tapping of Dyera trees, Jelutong giam offers various uses, such as raw material of gom, a misture of automobile tire manufacture, rar material for making paints, adbesives and varnishes, The study was conducted to determine the method and direction of tapping on gum production from Industrial Plantation Forest's Jelutong Trees (HTI) The tapping methods performed are slicing with half spiral pattern from the upper left to the lower right (1/25 Kr Knj. slicing with "V" shape pattern, and slicing with balf-piral pattern from upper right to the lower left (1/25 Ka Kr). The results revealed that HTI of Private Company is a type of swamp (Dyera polyphylla Maj. Mrenis or Dyera lowin Hook f.). The tapping method that afforded the higli gum production and mure applicable was the so-called half-spiral slicing from the upper left toward the lower right (VS Kr King. The properties of jelutong gon prodierd are as follow 46.20% of moisture content, 0.04% of ash content, 0.24% of impurities 0.07% of nitrogen content amt 52.75% of resin.
OPTIMASI TEKNIK PEMURNIAN GLUKOMANAN PADA TEPUNG PORANG (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Gunawan Pasaribu; Novitri Hastuti; Lisna Efiyanti; Totok K. Waluyo; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 37 No. 3 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2019.37.3.197-203

Abstract

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) as a non-timber forest product (NTFP) has many advantagescompared to other food crops. In order to the cultivation aspect and excellence of the flour, it made this commodity afood sources in the future. Today, technical post-harvest processing become the current problems especially in gettingoptimum glucomannan. With increasing levels of glucomannan, it made the utilization and marketing of flour will bewider. This study aims to optimize of purification techniques of glucomannan. The research method is through soakingtechniques with ethanol (30%, 40% and 50%) and sodium bisulfite (2%, 3% and 4%). The results showed that theleaching technique ethanol made a significant effect on the increase in glucomannan levels. The immersion technique with50% ethanol and 2% sodium bisulfite can increase glucomannan from 32.65% to 83.96%. The process of soakingwith ethanol not affects the content of ferrum (Fe) and calcium (Ca) in porang flour.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI BORNEOL DARI α-PINENA GETAH PINUS (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese) Gunawan Pasaribu; Totok K. Waluyo; Lisna Efiyanti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 39 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2021.39.2.74-87

Abstract

Pine resin is obtained from a process of tapping the pine tree (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese). After processing, pineresin will produce gondorukem and turpentine. Currently, the utilization of turpentine is mainly for cosmetic, paint, a mixture ofsolvents, antiseptics, and pharmaceuticals. Due to an increase in the added value of the turpentine product, turpentine wassynthesized into borneol. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of borneol produced from the synthesis of α-pinene usingNaOH and KOH bases. The method was carried out by synthesized α-pinene into borneol through sodium reduction using twoalkali e.i KOH and NaOH. The compounds were characterized by FTIR, NMR and GCMS. The results showed that onFTIR analysis of 12 samples of the borneol synthesized showed fairly similar absorption peaks with peaks appearing on standardborneol FTIRs. The NMR analysis of both HNMR and CNMR, compared with the standard NMR compounds α-pinene,champor and borneol, show that the peaks still show differences. The GCMS result showed the formation of the compound ofborneol compound with the percentage of 0.12 to 2.2% relatives. The type of base and origin of the turpentine used did not showany difference in borneol yield.
LEMAK TENGKAWANG SEBAGAI BAHAN DASAR LIPSTIK R. Esa Pangersa Gusti; Totok K. Waluyo
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 4 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.4.297-307

Abstract

Cocoa butter has long been used as a base ingredient for lipstick. Illipe nut's fat is known to have similar characteristics to those of cocoa butter, thus expectedly, it could be used as an alternative substitute for cocoa butter in lipstik manufacturing. This paper studies the appropriate Illipe nut's fat formulation for lipstick manufacturing. Water-based (WB1, WB2, WB3, WB4) and oil-based (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) formulations with illipe nut fat content of 2, 3, 4 and 5% were tested. The illipe nut's fat was produced from Shorea pinanga collected from West Java. Physical properties (i.e hardness and melting point) and organoleptic test (texture, shine, polish ability, odor and color) were analyzed. The results showed that M3 formulation with 2% illipe nut's fat level had similar physical properties to those of commercial lipsticks. Furthermore, the organoleptic test revealed that M5 formulation with 3% fat level was the most preferred by respondents. To obtain lipsticks performance which meets the requirements in commercial lipsticks criteria and also satisfies the respondent's preference, a combination of M3 and M5 formulation is recommended.
Co-Authors Emma Sahara F. Anwar G. Santosa Gunawan Pasaribu Gustan Pari I. Wahyudi Ina Winarni Lisna Efiyanti Novitri Hastuti R. Esa Pangersa Gusti Sri Komarayati