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SURVEY OF HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS AND FOREST BEEHIVE TREES OF Apis dorsata SPECIES IN MUTIS TIMAU PROTECTED FOREST AREA Mesakh, Melan I; Seran, Wihelmina; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B; Rammang, Nixon
Wana Lestari Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v6i01.13302

Non-Timber Forest Products ( NTFPs) are one of the forest resources that have comparative advantages and are in direct contact with communities around the forest. NTFPs in East Nusa Tenggara Province, which has potential is honey derived from the forest honey bee Apis dorsata. This research was conducted by observation, and interviews. Forest Bees (Apis dorsata) in Nenas village always keep the same nest tree for nenas every year or period. In Nenas village there are 7 trees with 5 active nest trees and 2 inactive nest trees, which are the breeding place for Apis dorsata forest honey bees, with tree species such as Banyan (Ficus benjamin), Angkai (Albizzia chinensis), Bonak (Tetrameles nudiflora), Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra), and Cassowary (Casuarina). With a dense canopy cover of about 80% and with an average tree height of 29 m and a nest height of about 20 m, with a tree diameter of 70-150 cm, the number of clones / nest trees of 10-20. Forest beehive trees at the study site are at an altitude (elevation) of 1,285-2,500 mdpl, and a slope level of 60%, with a humid climate that rains 2000-3000 mm / year. With a climate of 140C-290C and at extreme conditions at a temperature of 90C. Conditions of temperature and rainfall greatly affect the quality of food from forest honey bees the harvesting process is still very traditional using climbing and smoke methods and traditional ceremonies which are carried out at night. Nenas Village is still included in a protected forest area managed by the Forestry Service and there is no permit for traditional honey bee to take the honey because the Apis dorsata forest honey bee tree is community property or private property which is a relic from ancient times. The age range of respondents is 30-70 years, with the highest education are high school and university graduated, and local people work as farmers and ranchers.

ANALYSIS OF CAUSATIVE FACTORS OF ENCROACHMENT IN WOLO TADHO NATURE RESERVE (Case Study of Latung Village and Tadho Village, Riung District, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province) Tanik, Yeremias; Purnama, Maria M.E; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B; Sipayung, Roni
Wana Lestari Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v7i01.15582

Encroachment is one of the problems that occured in the Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve. This study aims to determined several factors that caused encroachment in the Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve and activities in overcoming the problem. The method used in this study was a non-probabity sampling method for community people that lives nearby the research area and the management of the Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve. The sampling techniques for the community people uses the snowball sampling method, while for the management officer of the Nature Reserve uses the purposive sampling method. The results showed that there were eight factors causing encroachment in the Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve, namely economic, education, number of family members, limited of land, unclear boundaries area, community awareness, land tenure, and limited of officer number. Activities carried out in overcoming this encroachment problem are patrolling the area, joint patrols with the police, forming forest police (POLHUT) in partnership with the Communities, socialization to the community about the Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve Area, collaboration with the government in maintaining the Nature Reserve and to overcomes the problems of enchroachment, assistance and training to the community in optimizing agricultural products and the approaches through a 3-pillar scheme involving government, community, and indigenous leaders as well as religious leaders.

THE ROLE OF THE SUSTAINABLE BAMBOO FOUNDATION IN EFFORTS TO USE BAMBOO AS AN ECONOMIC RESOURCE FOR THE COMMUNITY (Case Study of Subinana Group, Nginamanu Village, Wolomeze District, Ngada Regency) Bouk, Maria Erwinda; Riwu Kaho, Ludji Michael; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B; Sipayung, Roni Haposan
Wana Lestari Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v6i01.15603

Non-Timber Forest Products abbreviated as NTFPS Bamboo in East Nusa Tenggara has considerable potential to affect people's lives, one of which is bamboo which can produces products that are used as an additional sources of production for the people of Nginamanu Village. This study aims to determined bamboo management and determined the roles of the Bambu Lestari Foundation in helping the people’s economic, especially Subinana weavers in Nginamanu Village. The method used in this study was qualitative method. The results of the study were obtained through the interview method assisted by an attached questionnaire. The results showed that the roles of Yayasan Bambu Lestari was to provide the socialization and training in woven bamboo, promoted weaving, plant bamboo seedlings with the community, provided woven training to elementary, junior and high school of children. The economic changes of the community after the existence of the Bambu Lestari Foundation felt by the weaving community are helping them in meeting their daily needs, in addition to the woven proceeds also help in paying their children's school fees.

RESPON PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH JATI PUTIH (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) TERHADAP PERENDAMAN ATONIK Ado, Sosimus; Mau, Astin E; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B
Wana Lestari Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v7i01.18661

White teak (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) is one of type of plant that can be develop in the plantation forests, especially community forests. This type of exotic tree can grows quickly, ease to planting, and makes economic benefits. White teak wood can be used for light construction, crafts, home furnishing, matches, particle boards, containers, and woodworking. The application of atonic growth regulator (GRS) has the ability to accelerate germination, stimulate plant root growth, activation of nutrient absorption, promotes vegetative growth, and increase bud output. This study aims to determined the effects of atonic concentration on the germination of white teak seeds and to find out one of the atonic soaking treatments that has the best effect on the germination. The method used in this study was a Complete Random Design (RAL) with the comparison of the several atonic concentration that consist of (P0) without atonic / control, (P1) atonic 1 ml/L, (P2) atonic 1.5 ml/L, (P3) 2 ml/L. Each treatments were repeated 4 times so there were 16 experimental units that were obtained. Each experimental unit requires 10 white teak seeds, so the total of all treatments and replication requires the total of 160 white teak seeds. The results showed that the atonic concentration had a very significant effect on germination ability and germination speed index. Also, it has significant effect on the germination value of white teak plants. The effect of atonic concentration of P2 treatment (1.5 ml/L) was the best treatment that affected germination ability, germination speed index, and germination value of white teak plants. At this concentration the plant can germinate well compared to the other treatments.

IDENTIFIKASI POLA SEBARAN TITIK API (HOTSPOT) DAN PENYEBAB KEPADATANNYA DI SEKITAR KAWASAN TAMAN WISATA ALAM (TWA) CAMPLONG “Studi Kasus di Desa Oebola Dalam dan Desa Sillu, Kecamatan Fatuleu, Kabupaten Kupang” Benu, Petra A.J; Riwu Kaho, Michael; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B
Wana Lestari Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v7i01.18881

Each forest area has different causes of fire. The source of the fire needs to be known in order to plan and determine appropriate control efforts so that forest fires do not spread or can be overcome. This research uses a qualitative approach that seeks to examine and describe the factors that cause forest fires and efforts to control forest fires in Camplong Nature Park. The data collection method uses purposive sampling technique. The results showed that indications of forest and land fires can be predicted through satellite image interpretation for a pixel that has a threshold temperature in a place. The number of annual hotspots during 2017 - 2021 was 333 points with Sillu Village having 282 hotspots or 84% of the total and Oebola Village having 51 points or 15% of the total. The highest occurrence of hotspots is in four types of land cover, namely agricultural land cover with 135 hotspots (40.54%), forest land cover with 85 hotspots (25.53%), savanna land cover with 59 hotspots (17.72%), shrub land cover with 42 hotspots (12.61%). Relatively fewer hotspots were found in the settlement land cover type with 8 hotspots (2.40%), rice field land cover with 3 hotspots (0.90%), and the lowest in the river area with 1 hotspot (0.30%). The highest number of hotspots based on the function of the forest area was in the Other Use Area (APL) with 168 hotspots (50.45%), Protection function (HL) with 116 hotspots (34.83%), Production function (HP) with 42 hotspots (12.61%) and the lowest in the Conservation area with 7 hotspots (2.10%).

CONTRIBUTION OF FOREST HONEY BEE TO TOTAL FARMERS' INCOME Liunokas, Yuyun Rivanti; Sipayung, Roni; Marimpan, Lusia; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B
Wana Lestari Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v7i01.19432

Honey from forest bees (Apis dorsata) is one of the non-timber forest products that has long been used in Loli Village, Polen Districk, South Central Timor Regency and has become an additional source of livelihood to meet the needs of farmers in Loli Village. This research aims to determined the contribution of forest honey to farmers' total income and to determine the level of welfare of farmers in Loli Village. This research was carried out during April-May 2024, using saturated sampling method (census), of a total of 19 honey farmers and data analysis using quantitative descriptive analysis. The research results shows that the contribution of forest honey bee farming to the total income of farmer households in Loli Village is 76% with total honey farming income of IDR 372,360,000/year, an average of IDR 19,597,895/year. The results of the analysis proved that of the 19 respondents, only 7 respondents had incomes above the average, while the other 12 respondents had incomes below the average. This is influenced by the large number of trees owned by each respondent and the number of hives in the nesting trees, so it can be ascertained that the gains in honey production are also different. Based on the level of farmer welfare, there are still 74% of honey farmers who are not prosperous, but honey farming is able to provide a good life and is the main support for the welfare of farmers in Loli Village. However this contribution can be threatened if forest preservation is not maintained, so there needs to be a role Government and Community in efforts to protect and preserve forests in Loli Village. Keywords: Forest Honey Bee; Income; Contribution; Welfare Level

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN OBAT DI KAWASAN CAGAR ALAM MUTIS TIMAU, KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN, PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR (Studi Kasus : Jalur Akses Desa Penyangga (Desa Fatumnasi dan Desa Nenas) Kecamatan Fatumnasi, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Sel deku, sarida oktavia; Rammang, Nixon; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B; Marimpan, Lusia
Wana Lestari Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v7i01.20241

East Nusa Tenggara Province has a diversity of medicinal plants and traditional cultures in utilizing them. The use of plants as traditional medicine has been inherited from generation to generation by the community around the Mutis Timor Nature Reserve Area, South Central Timor Regency. This study aims to find out the diversity of plant species, the efficacy ofthese plants and how to process plants as traditional medicine by the community around the Mutis Timau Nature Reserve Area. The data collection technique uses the Snowball Sampling interview method, observation, vegetation analysis with the roaming method to obtain plant locations and the Line Transek Plot method to analyze vegetation and literature studies. Data analysis uses quantitative analysis to determine the Important Value Index, Diversity, Wealth, Equity and Similarity of Types.The results of the study found as many as 33 types of plants with medicinal properties, with the composition of vegetation showing that the types of plants with more herbaceous habitus were 18 types, 7 types of shrubs, 4 types of trees, 2 types of shrubs and lianas. The types of medicinal plants that have the largest Important Index Value are Eucalyptus urophylla (216.84) for thetree and pole level, Croton caudatus (115.81) for the stake level, Centella asiatica. L (45.94) for seedling rate. The value of the Plant Diversity Index in the Mutis Timau Nature Reserve ranges from 1.128-2.745 (moderate), the value of the Wealth Index at the level of trees, poles, and piles has a value in the range of 1.098-1.808 (low) while at the seedling level has a value of 5.638 (high), the value of the evenness index at the tree and pole level ranges from 0.5149-0.5286 (fairly even), the stake level has a value of 0.8165 (almost evenly) while at the seedling level it has a value of 0.4206 (less evenly) andThe value of the similarity index ranges from 0.146-0.4783 (low).

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TINGKAT KONSENTRASI LARUTAN ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH ALAMI URINE SAPI DAN LAMA WAKTU PERENDAMAN TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH TANJUNG (Mimusops elengi Linn.) Asten, Maria Yovita Dhone; Mau, Astin E; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B
Wana Lestari Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v7i01.20395

Tanjung (Mimusops elengi Linn.) is a good type of plant to be used in various urban forest formation programs due to its many uses. The provision of natural growth regulators (ZPT) from cattle urine, which contains auxin, plays an important role in the growth and development process of a plant and accelerates the initial process of germination and plant growth. The method used in this study (RAL), consisting of two factors: concentration and soaking time. The concentration factor consisted of treatment A0 = control (aquades), A1 = 30% (300ml cattle urine + 700ml aquades), A2 = 60% (600ml cattle urine + 400ml aquades), A3 = 85% (850ml cattle urine + 150ml aquades). The soaking time factor consisted of treatment P0 = control, P1 = 6 hours, P2 = 12 hours, and P3 = 18 hours, with each treatment repeated 3 times, resulting in 48. Each experimental unit required 100 tanjung seeds, so the total of all treatments with repetitions required 4,800. The results showed that the concentration (A) and soaking time (P) of cattle urine had a very significant effect on the germination percentage, germination speed index, and germination value percentage. The treatment of concentration A2 (60% concentration) and the single treatment of soaking time P2 (12 hours soaking) were the best treatments in breaking the dormancy of tanjung seeds. The interaction between concentration and soaking time had a very significant effect on all parameters, namely germination percentage, germination speed index, and germination value of tanjung seeds (Mimosops elengi Linn.).

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR (POC) KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata L.)TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SEMAI CENDANA (Santalum album Linn.) Irmawasti Teku, Imelda Maria; Mau, Astin E; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B; Soimin, Muhamad
Wana Lestari Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v7i01.20409

Sandalwood, scientifically known as Santalum album L., is a endemic plant from East Nusa Tenggara with significant economic values. This study aimed to determine the effect of applying liquid organic fertilizer from Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.) on the growth of sandalwood seedlings. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor, consisting of four treatments: B0 (control), B1 (POC 10ml/ltr), B2 (POC 20ml/ltr), and B3 (POC 30ml/ltr), each with three replications. Further testing was conducted using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the application of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) from Golden Apple Snail had a significant effect on the parameters of plant height, seedling diameter, number of leaves, fresh weight, and dry weight. These parameters showed the highest significant differences, respectively: 15.200 cm, 5.767 mm, 12.667 leaves, 1.233 g, and 0.933 g in the B3 treatment or the application of POC Golden Apple Snail at 30ml/ltr. Therefore, the golden apple snail liquid organic fertilizer can be used on plants at a concentration of 30 ml/liter.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Jenis Biochar Terhadap Perkecambahan Benih Cendana (Santalum Album Linn.) Hawu, Umbu Maramba; Mau, Astin E; Riwu Kaho, Norman P.L.B
Wana Lestari Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Wana Lestari
Publisher : Program Studi Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/wanalestari.v7i01.21327

Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) is a wood-producing forest plant in East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT) that has great economic value and is an endemic species. Sandalwood is one type of plant that has high economic value. Propagation of sandalwood can be done in vegetative and generative ways. Sandalwood propagation until now still relies heavily on generative propagation by utilizing sandalwood seeds as propagation material. One of the alternatives to increase soil fertility is through the use of organic fertilizers, namely Biochar chicken manure and cow manure can overcome Ultisol soil problems as an alternative The application of biochar into the soil can improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, namely it can increase porosity, water holding capacity, soil aggregation, increase pH, cation exchange capacity, soil organic carbon, retention and availability of nutrients, and improve the microbial, meso and macro life of soil fauna. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of biochar on the germination of Sandalwood seeds (Santalum album Linn.). The method used in this study was CompletelyRandomzed Design (CRD), with 4 treatments and each treatment was repeated 5 times so that 20 experimental units were obtained. The experimental unit in the form of a mixture of germination media is put into the germination tub. Each sprout tub is planted with 50 seeds, so that a total of 1000 Sandalwood seeds are needed for all treatments and replicates. The results of the study showed that the M2 treatment (3 kg of soil + 2 kg of chicken manure biochar) had a very real effect and was also the best treatment that affected germination power, germination speed index, and germination value.

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