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All Journal Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara YUDHISTIRA : Jurnal Yurisprudensi, Hukum dan Peradilan Referensi Islamika: Jurnal Studi Islam
Ridwan Malik
Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Strengthening Judicial Authority In Sharia Economic Disputes: A Legal Study Of Indonesia’s Religious Courts Ridwan Malik; M. Thahir Maloko; Fatmawati Fatmawati
Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/csf64p78

Abstract

This study explores the legal and institutional dynamics of Sharia economic dispute resolution in Indonesia by analyzing the impact of Law No. 3 of 2006 and Law No. 50 of 2009 on the jurisdiction and functioning of the Religious Courts. In response to the rapid growth of Islamic finance, the study investigates how Indonesia's judiciary has adapted to accommodate Sharia-based commercial transactions. Using a normative-juridical approach and library-based legal research, the study evaluates primary legislation, court rulings, and relevant scholarly discourse. The findings show that Law No. 3 of 2006 significantly redefined the role of Religious Courts by formally granting them the authority to adjudicate Sharia economic disputes. Law No. 50 of 2009 further enhanced legal clarity and institutional capacity, thus fostering a supportive environment for Islamic finance. Despite these advancements, the implementation process faces persistent challenges. These include inadequate judicial training, underutilization of alternative dispute resolution methods, and procedural inconsistencies. The study also notes a lack of public trust in Religious Courts and insufficient integration between Sharia principles and national legal standards. The study concludes that while statutory reforms have laid a robust foundation comprehensive institutional and procedural adjustments are essential for ensuring legal certainty and promoting the legitimacy of Sharia economic dispute resolution. This research contributes to the growing discourse on Islamic legal reform and offers policy-relevant insights for harmonizing religious and national legal systems in pluralistic societies.
TA’WID AND GHARAMAH IN INDONESIA’S MURABAHA FINANCING: AN ISLAMIC LAW-AND-ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF INCENTIVES AND CONSUMER PROTECTION Mega Mustika; Ridwan Malik; Hasanuddin; Mohd Aizul Yaakob
Referensi Islamika: Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): APRIL
Publisher : Academic Bright Collaboration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66053/ri.v4i2.617

Abstract

This study examines why late-payment charges in Islamic banking remain contested, particularly at the boundary between legitimate cost recovery and prohibited time-based gain. It evaluates how taʿwīḍ (compensation) and gharāmah (penalty) are designed and whether they genuinely enhance consumer protection or risk operating as hidden pricing in Indonesian murābaḥah financing. A mixed normative–qualitative approach is employed by triangulating doctrinal analysis of Indonesian Sharia banking regulations and DSN–MUI fatwas, document review of contract templates and internal procedures, and semi-structured interviews with financing officers, Sharia Supervisory Board members, and affected customers. An Islamic law-and-economics framework is applied to assess incentive compatibility under information asymmetry and default risk. The study finds that taʿwīḍ is justifiable only when linked to verifiable incremental costs with clear evidentiary standards and ex ante disclosure. Gharāmah is effective as a deterrent only when revenue-neutral, transparently allocated, and properly governed. Key vulnerabilities include ambiguous contract clauses, weak disclosure mechanisms, and fragmented accountability structures. The study is limited to Indonesian murābaḥah practices and relies on qualitative data, which may affect generalizability across jurisdictions and contract types. This article offers a compliance-by-design framework separating taʿwīḍ and gharāmah in drafting and accounting, introducing cost-verification protocols, audit trails, and transparent dispute mechanisms to align Sharia compliance with modern consumer protection standards.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Pengabaian Khutbah Jumat (Studi Kasus Pada Jamaah Masjid Nurul Ishlah Kelurahan Paccinongang Kabupaten Gowa) Fajar B Abd Barry; Andi Satrianingsih; Ridwan Malik
Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): Desember 2025 - Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Memahami persepsi masyarakat tentang orang yang mengabaikan khutbah Jumat, dan (2) untuk memahami apa saja faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengabaian khutbah Jumat menurut persepsi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi, wawancara secara lansung dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data kualitatif, yang berarti data ditampilkan secara asli, tanpa diubah menjadi simbol atau angka. Adapun sumber data penelitian yang diperoleh adalah dari jamaah Masjid Nurul Ishlah selaku informan yang terkait dengan judul penelitian.  Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa mayoritas jamaah memandang mendengarkan khutbah jumat sebagai kewajiban dan bagian dari rukun shalat jumat yang harus di penuhi, sehingga mengabaikanya dapat membatalkan atau mengurangi kesempurnaan ibadah. Adapun faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pengabaian khutbah meliputi: (1) kurangnya kesadaran dan pengetahuan agama, (2) kebiasaan negatif yang mengakar, (3) pengaruh lingkungan sosial yang kurang mendukung, dan (4) kualitas khutbah yang kurang menarik. Dari fator-faktor inilah yang membuat mereka cendarung untuk mengabaikan khutbah jumat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya upaya peningkatan kesadaran jamaah melalui edukasi dan pembinaan, serta peningkatan mutu materi dan penyampaian khutbah agar jamaah lebih fokus dan khusyuk dalam mendengarkannya.
Efektivitas Proses Mediasi dalam Penyelesaian Kasus Perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Kelas 1A Kabupaten Pinrang Tahun 2025 Armila Sari; Zainal Abidin; Ridwan Malik
Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Vol. 3 No. 03 (2026): JUNI - JULI 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan tingginya angka perceraian serta belum optimalnya keberhasilan mediasi dalam penyelesaian perkara perceraian di Pengadilan Agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan mediasi serta menganalisis efektivitas mediasi dalam penyelesaian perkara perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Kelas IA Kabupaten Pinrang Tahun 2025. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan hakim mediator dan panitera serta didukung oleh data perkara perceraian, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses mediasi telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 dan menunjukkan tingkat efektivitas yang cukup baik. Namun, keberhasilan mediasi belum optimal karena dipengaruhi oleh keinginan para pihak yang telah bulat untuk bercerai, konflik rumah tangga yang telah berlangsung lama, kurangnya iktikad baik para pihak, serta keterbatasan waktu pelaksanaan mediasi. Meskipun demikian, mediasi tetap memberikan manfaat dalam membuka ruang komunikasi antara suami dan istri serta berhasil mewujudkan perdamaian dalam beberapa perkara perceraian.
Hukum Islam dan Pengelolaan Keragaman Sosial: Resolusi Konflik Identitas dalam Perspektif Moderasi Beragama Mega Mustika; Ridwan Malik; Siti Walida Mustamin
YUDHISTIRA : Jurnal Yurisprudensi, Hukum dan Peradilan Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Cv. Kalimasada Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59966/yudhistira.v3i4.2416

Abstract

The tension between the ideal of unity and the reality of social diversity in multicultural societies through the perspective of Islamic law. In the Indonesian context, such tension is not merely conceptual but is manifested in identity-based conflicts, divergent religious interpretations, interreligious relations, and the politicization of religion in the public sphere. Employing a normative-sociological approach with a library-based research design, this study analyzes classical and contemporary Islamic legal sources alongside relevant socio-religious phenomena. The article explores fundamental principles of Islamic law such as tawhid (oneness), ukhuwwah (brotherhood), ta‘aruf (mutual recognition), ikhtilaf (legitimate difference), and al-‘adl (justice) as normative foundations for managing diversity. The aim of this study is to explain the role of Islamic legal principles in managing social tensions in multicultural societies in order to achieve social harmony and integrity. The findings indicate that an Islamic legal approach grounded in maslahah (public interest), wasathiyah (moderation), and tasamuh (tolerance) has significant potential to reduce identity-based conflicts and promote social harmony. When interpreted contextually and moderately, Islamic law functions not only as a religious normative system but also as a social institution capable of safeguarding cohesion in plural societies. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening a moderate paradigm of Islamic law as both an ethical and juridical reference for managing social diversity in plural states.
Co-Authors Armila Sari Fajar B Abd Barry Fatmawati Nur Hasanuddin Mega Mustika Mohd Aizul Yaakob Mustamin, Siti Walidah Satrianingsih, Andi Tahir Maloko Zainal Abidin