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Evaluation of Potential in Wonderful Kola (Buchiolizia coreica) Seed Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Male Wister Rats Isaac John Umaru; Nwachukwu Favour Onyinyechi; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Chakfa Nanmar; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze; Nanyak Zingfa Galam
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3388

Diabetes mellitus is referred to as a metabolic disorder in which there is high glucose level in the blood as a result of insulin deficiency, resistance or both. Globally, it has been deducted that the adult population with diabetes will rise by 69% for the year 2030. Thus, Bucholzia Coriacea (B. Coriacea) a perennial plant belonging to the family capparidaceae and genus Bucholzia is popularly known as wonderful kola. It’s also known as wonderful kola, its other name is called Garcinia kola .it has a long history of use in west Africa and central Africa, thus, the study on evaluation of potential in wonderful kola (buchiolizia coreica) seed extract on streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes in male wister rats. Material and Methods: Fresh seeds of B. coriacea were plucked and washed with distilled water, the filtrate was concentrated using rotary evaporator and water bath. The extract was then weighed and stored in a refrigerator. 100g of crude extract and 1000mg of metformin was properly dissolved in 10ml of distilled water. The rats were carefully selected and separated into cages. 7 albino rats were used for normal control while 4 rats were kept in each of the remaining cages, and 6 replications were obtained, the test was carried out carefully by injecting the alloxan into the rats intraperitoneally and infecting them with diabetes mellitus, the following sets were made: normal group, negative and positive control group, while three groups were for extracts dosage. With exception of the normal control, all the groups were induced with diabetes. The extract (stem bark of Mangifera indica) will be administered orally to the three set of groups separately (i.e., one extract to one set). Determination of Fasting Blood Glucose Level by Intestinal Glucose Absorption. Results: Treatment groups receiving methanol Wonder Kola seed extract showed varying degrees of improvement in these parameters compared to the negative control group. Notably, Group VI, receiving the highest dose of the extract, demonstrated the most significant reduction in urea levels, suggesting a potential protective effect on renal function. The study investigated the effects of Wonder Kola seed extract on serum electrolytes, urea, and creatinine levels in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. Notably, significant variations were observed in these biochemical parameters across the different treatment groups. The study assessed the effects of methanol Wonder Kola seed extract on liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and serum protein levels (total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin). Significant variations were observed in these parameters among the treatment groups compared to the normal and negative control groups. Treatment with the extract led to notable reductions in liver enzyme levels, indicating potential hepatoprotective effects. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate the potential pharmacological benefits of methanol Wonder Kola seed extract in managing diabetes mellitus and associated complications.

Evaluation of Antibacterial and Anti-Malaria Potential of Wonderful Kola (Buchiolizia coreica) Seed Extract in Male Wister Rats Kerenhappuch Isaac Umar; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze; Chakfa Nanmar; Isaac John Umaru
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i1.3390

One of the areas for the search for new antimalarial drugs is from the claimed antimalarial plants from the African flora. Only few of these claims have been authenticated by scientific investigation. Plants form the major part of treatments used by traditional healers in many societies, Bucholzia Coricea (B. Coriacea) a perennial plant belonging to the family capparidaceae and genus Bucholzia is popularly known as wonderful kola. Earlier studies carried out on different parts of this plant shows that it has great medicinal potentials thus, the evaluation of antibacterial and anti-malaria potential of wonderful kola (Bucholzia Coricea) seed extract in male Wister rats. Material and Methods: Fresh seeds of B. coricea were plucked and washed with distilled water, concentrated using rotary evaporator. Standard antibacterial agent (30 μg) tetracycline, antimicrobial susceptibility test discs and Nutrient agar was used. 100g of crude extract taken into a conical flask, the crude extracts were tested by disc diffusion method on nutrient agar medium. selected bacteria were used to evaluate the antibacterial activities of the crude extracts of Bucholizia Coricea seed, Escherichia coli (ATCC©25922), Salmonella typhi, (ATCC©14028), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC©25923) and Kliebselia pneumonia, (ATCC©19155). A total of seventy-eight Swiss albino mice (18-25 g) of both sexes were used in the study. Eighteen for acute toxicity study while thirty were used for each of the in vivo antiplasmodial test. Results: antibacterial; higher inhibition was observed at 400µg/mL on Klebsiella pneumonia at 15.14 + 0.07mm when compared to standard 21.19+ 0.03mm. while the curative effect of the extract in P. berghei infected rats at 40mg/kg show significant parasitaemia density to be 30.98+4.30 and pre(D3) was 2.90+0.11mm** with survival time at post (D7) to be 29.67+0.21mm when compared to CQ as standard drug control with 10mg/kg. Conclusion: This study has however stablished the rationale for the traditional use of this plant in Nigeria and like many others, proved that medicinal plants which have folkloric reputations for anti-bacterial and antimalarial properties, thus, as an agent.

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Effects of Newbouldia Stem Bark Extract Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Isaac John Umaru; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Chakfa Nanmar; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3350

Newbouldia leavis is a boundary tree. it is a medium size angiosperm which belongs to the Bignoniaceae family. It is a fast-growing evergreen shrub or small tree. This study was carried out to investigate antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of Newbouldia stem bark. The antibacterial activity of the methanol extracts was determined by the agar well diffusion method. Three standard bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were used for the antibacterial assay. Result of screening plant extracts for antibacterial activity showed that most of the organisms were sensitive to the extract. The antibacterial test utilizing well diffusion assay showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the plant extract compared to Gram-negative bacteria. This study supports the use of Newboulda leavis in traditional medicine as well as highlights the need to further explore the potentials of the plant extract as antibacterial agent.

Hypoglycemic Potentials of Newbouldia laevis Stem Bark Extract in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats Isaac John Umaru; Gabriel Favour Chisom; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Chakfa Nanmar; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3351

This study was carried out to investigate the antidiabetic of the methanol extract of Newbouldia stem bark and to determine its safety and toxicity. Alloxan (150 mg/kg) was administered to albino rats via the oral route. The diabetic rats were then placed in 6 groups, following stabilization of hyperglycemia. The first group was non-diabetic, the second and third group were the diabetic control. The next three groups received, each day, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the methanol extract Newbouldia laevis and the second group received a reference standard, metformin (200mg/kg). Treatment was via the oral route for 14 days and fasting blood sugar level was monitored over this period. Acute toxicity (oral and intraperitoneal) studies on the extract was carried out. Blood glucose levels from day 1 to 14 days of treatment increased significantly (p <0.05) in all the treatment groups, except group 3 (positive control) which showed no significant difference compared to the normal control group. This study supports the use of Newbouldia laevis in traditional medicine as well as highlights the need to further explore the potentials of the plant extract as an antidiabetic.

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Capacity of Methanol Root Extract of Mangifera Indica Isaac John Umaru; Sule John Ugbedeojo; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Chakfa Nanmar; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3352

Recent years have witnessed enhanced research work reported on plants and plant products. In this regard, plants with traditional therapeutic usage are being screened more efficiently to be considered as a substitution or as a better alternative agent for Human Pathogens. Antioxidant activity, antibacterial, antifungal properties, colour, phytochemical and FT-IR spectral analysis of flowers belonging to Hibiscus moscheutos was determined. Radical scavenging activity of sample extracts were determined based on the percent inhibition of DPPH and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Total phenolics were estimated based on the Folin–Ciocalteu method, while, vanillin–HCl and aluminum chloride methods were employed to estimate total tannins and flavonoids in the sample extracts, respectively. To determine total flavonols and anthocyanin contents, spectrophotometric method was employed. For antibacterial activities, modified agar disk diffusion method was adopted. Results: The crude extracts of hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol, extracts with concentration levels at 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/mL were shown to significantly affect the inhibition of bacterial selected. The presence of phytochemicals compounds possesses the high antibacterial activities of this crude extracts. This study proved that Mangifera Indica crude extracts could be useful for inhibiting the selected pathogens which has an antioxidant potential as well as a natural bacterial agent.

Hepatocurative Effect of Methanol Extract of Newbouldia laevis Leaves in Alloxan-Induced Liver Damage in Albino Rats Isaac John Umaru; Tsokwa Punarimam Rebecca; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Chakfa Nanmar; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze; Tyem Lawal Danjuma
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3354

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect (Hepatocurative and antibacterial potential) of Newboulda laevis leaves in alloxan-induced liver damage in Wister Albino Rats. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was bought from a local market in Wukari, Taraba State. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was chop and then pulverized into fine powder. The methanol crude extracts andthirty-two albino Wistar rats weighing 90-220 g was used for this research. Liver toxicity was induced in male rats by an intraperitoneal single dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. samples were subjected to biochemical estimation of liver function. The result showed a significant (p≤0.05) increase in serum AST level for group II (60.6 ± 1.12) which was administered high dose of Alloxan and serves as the negative control group, when compared to the normal control group I (35.09 ± 2.07) which only received feed and water. From the result described in table 4.0 above, it showed a significant (p≤0.05) increase in ALT level for group II (58.11 ± 0.42) negative control when compared with group I (20.00 ± 0.41) normal control. Group III (29.98 ± 0.12) which received standard drug showed a significant decrease in ALT which is a sign that there is some level of repair on the liver cells. Group IV (36.22 ± 0.s70), group V (30.00 ± 0.27) and group VI (29.99 ± 0.12) which received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of Newbouldia laevis leaves extract respectively when compared with the negative control group II, showed a significant decrease in ALT level. There was a significant (p≤0.05) increase in ALP level for group II (255.80 ± 1.12) which received Alloxan when compared with the normal control group I (80.21 ± 0.44) providing evidence to support the increase in ALT and AST level in group II, suggestive of liver injury. The treatment groups III, VI, V and VI showed significant (p<0.05) difference, when compared to the negative control group. No significant (p<0.05) difference between group V and VII. It was deduced that the total protein for group II (10.95 ± 0.37) significantly (p<0.05) decreased when compared to the normal control group I (14.13 ± 0.55). This is because low levels of total protein in the blood can occur because of impaired function of the liver. Administration of Newbouldia laevis leaves extract significantly (p<0.05) elevated total protein levels for group IV (10.99 ± 0.41), V (12.76 ± 0.41) and VI (12.98 ± 0.58). Albumin being the most abundant protein in the blood, equally followed same pattern as total protein, with Albumin level of (10.83 ± 0.10), (6.13 ± 0.05), (9.82 ± 0.18) (6.75 ± 0.13), (7.99 ± 0.10) and (9.60 ± 0.13) for group I, II, III, IV, V and V respectively. Thus, emphasizing the potential of the extract as a source agent for medication for ailment and diseases.

Hypoglycaemic Potential of Methanol Stem-Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats and Its Toxicity Effect to Liver and Kidney Isaac John Umaru; Nkiri Annasthesia Ekubnse; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze; Chakfa Nanmar
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3358

Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. Mango possesses anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti- oxidant, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties. This research focuses on the hyperglycemic and antibacterial capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mango tree in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats to combat its fatal consequences in humans. This work is carried out to determine the hypoglycemic capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats at different volumes (ml) of administration, to also determine the antibacterial capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats at different volumes (ml) of administration and to test the efficacy of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. Fresh stem bark (trunk) of Mangifera indica were collected in the Federal University Wukari school premises, were air dried for 21 days, pounded into powder, cold macerated in methanol, filtered and extract was gotten. 27 diseased-free (healthy) albino rats which were purchased at Yola, Adamawa State, were kept in different cages to enable proper analysis at the cause of the work. Results of liver function indices showed that treatments with 100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract were able to restore liver function parameters at different levels of concentrations. Treatments with standard drug and all the doses of the extract were able to counteract the elevated effect of alloxan in some kidney parameters such as serum urea level at 200mg/kg with (25.23±1.98a) and (1.05 ±0.14a) for creatinine at 200mg/kg respectively. The result of this study shows that the stem back extract possessed as an agent for hypoglycaemic. These can serve as possible source of raw material for pharmaceutical products. However, the extract is found not to be harmful to the liver and kidney and should be used as health remedy for certain diseases such as hyperglycaemic and bacterial effects.

Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Methanol Stem–Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze; Chakfa Nanmar; Isaac John Umaru
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3360

Medicinal plants have served through the ages, as a constant source of medicaments for the exposure of variety of diseases. The history of herbal medicine is as old as human civilization. The plants are known to provide a rich source of botanical anthelmintic, antibacterial and insecticides. Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. In antibacterial analysis, higher growth inhibition rate was observed at 400 ug/ml for Klebsiella pneumonia with 20.55 + 1.26μg/mL indicating that the extract has effect at a higher concentration than when treated at a lower concentration. In blood glucose level analysis, administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract showed reduced blood glucose level in day 14 with 5.11 ± 0.14a of treatment when compared to normal control.

Effect of Mangifera Indica Root Methanolic Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Albino Rats Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Chakfa Nanmar; Isaac John Umaru; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3397

The growing prevalence of diabetes in both developed and developing nations has prompted scientists to intensify their research efforts in identifying potent therapeutic compounds from natural sources. These compounds are aimed at more effectively treating and managing diabetes. The aim of this research is to determine the potentials of Mangifera Indica on induced hyperglycemic rats. The materials and methods : The roots will be cut into small pieces, air-dried and 100g of the root powdered soaked , extracted in rotary evaporator, fort albino rats is used. Diabetes will be induced in rats by injecting them intraperitoneally (i.p.) with freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer (0.1 M pH 4.5) after an overnight fast and Hyperglycemia confirmed. Thirty albino rats is randomly divided into six groups, each consisting of five rats: group 1-6. Group 1-3 control groups, NC (Normal non-treated control), DM (Negative control rats), PC (Positive Control) group 4-6 (Mangifera indica treated diabetic rats). The NC and DM (control groups) will be given distilled water, while the MI and DM + MI (experimental groups) will receive Mangifera indica extract at a dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/b.wt. Results: Day one blood glucose levels was lowered significantly (p < 0.05). Day three treatments with standard drug and 100 mg/kg body weight extract lowered blood glucose significantly (p < 0.05) close to normal after induction with alloxan. The results of selected liver test indicates that AST decreased significantly, ALT increased significantly, ALP increased significantly, TP decreased significantly, GLB decreased significantly, TB increased significantly, DB increased significantly, INDB increased significantly. The results of kidney function test show that urea increased significantly, no significant difference shown in creatinine, potassium level were raised significantly, chloride and carbon dioxide were elevated significantly.

Antibacterial Effect of Methanol Extract of Newbouldia laevis Leaves on Some Selected Resistant Pathogen on Synthesised Drugs Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru; Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze; Akafa Andes Tansaba; Chakfa Nanmar; Tyem Lawal Danjuma; Isaac John Umaru
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3399

Newbouldia laevis is a tropical plant belonging to the family of Bignoniaceae. It is among the most useful plants in Africa. Historically medicinal plants have been provided a good source of inspiration for novel therapeutic drugs which has made a large contribution to health and well-being of humans. It has been used over the years to as curative agents against many infections and have been exploited in the traditional medicine with their curative potentials. Material and methods: The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was bought from a local market in Wukari, Taraba State. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was chop into pieces, air-dried for four days and then pulverized into fine powder. About 250 g of the powdered bark extracted with 2 L of ethanol using maceration method for 72 hrs. The crude extracts of Newbouldia laevis was used in antibacterial assay. The results observed demonstrate that the Newbouldia leaves methanol crude extract possesses concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive resistant bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia) bacteria. The increasing inhibition zones with higher concentrations suggest a potential dose-response relationship.

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