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The Effect of Motivation on Memory Recall Among the Students of SS 11A and SS 11B of Government Model Secondary School Makurdi Danladi Zakariah; Elvis O. Ihaji; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Gloria Omonefe Oladele; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Vika Tensaba Akafa; Izam Emmanuel David; Oche Williams Ujah
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 1 No 2 (2024): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v1i2.3979

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of motivation on memory recall among students of SS11A and SS11B of Government Model Secondary School Makurdi. The study employed the use of experimental design of 3x2x1 One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Independent T test with Alpha level of .05 to test the two hypotheses. The study consists of sixty (60) participants with 30 (50%) males and 30 (50%) females. Their ages ranged from 13-20 years with the means of 8.15 (SD=23.41). The participants were grouped into three of high, low and non-motivated students. Each group had (20) participants each totalling sixty (60) in the study. The participants were selected on the basis of gender and evenly distributed through the use of purposive and convenience sampling techniques. Finding from the study indicated that there was significant different in the level of memory recall among the high, low and non-motivated students F (2, 57) =8.98, P<.05. There was no significant different between male and female students on memory recall when motivated (59) =.20 P>.05. Thus, the first hypothesis was confirmed and the null hypothesis was rejected. On the other hand the second hypothesis was rejected and the null hypothesis was accepted. It was therefore recommended that conscious efforts should be made by the parents, Teachers, School Administrators to provide various incentives to enhance students recall abilities in memory task. It was also recommended that the Government and Philanthropists should provide scholarship programme to enhance study memory recall in the Secondary School. Finally, the study recommended that psychologists and the teachers should encourage the student to always rehearse their work in order to improve their memory recall when the need arise.
The Comparative Suitability of Different Solvents Used in the Fractionation of Methanol Leaf Extract of Persea americana Mill: An in Vitro Studies Ojochenemi E. Yakubu; Olawale Otitoju; Janya Danjuma; dulrashid Dauda Maianguwa; Isaac John Umaru; Gloria Omonefe Oladele
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3664

Abstract

This research investigated the suitability of various solvents used in the fractionation of methanol leaf extract of P. americana to ascertain the flavonoid, vitamin and amino acid profile of the fractions. It has been demonstrated that a number of Persea americana plant components contain different phytochemicals associated with important biological function. Fresh leaves of P. americana were harvested from Baissa in Taraba State. The plant materials were air dried under shade at ambient temperature. The dried plant materials were pulverized to fine powder using mortar and pestle. The pulverized plant material was soaked in methanol for 72 hours for extraction. The extract was filtered using clean filter cloth and filter paper under reduced pressure. The filtrate was evaporated in in rotary evaporator and water bath to obtain the required concentrate. The extract was used to perform fractionation using separation funnel and solvents of different polarity such n-hexane, methanol and ethanol. Each of the fractions was used to analyze for flavonoid, vitamin and amino acid profile using HPLC. The result reveals that quercetin is present in each of the fractions. Caffeic acid phenyl ether was detected in diluted ethanol fraction, coumaric acid was identified in diluted n-hexane fraction, caffeic acid was identified in methanol fraction chlorogenic acid detected in n-hexane fraction. Vitamin K was identified in all the fractions, Vitamin B1 was identified in diluted ethanol fraction and n-hexane fraction while vitamin B9 was detected in diluted n-hexane fraction and n-hexane fraction. Vitamins B2 and B6 were identified in methanol fraction and diluted ethanol fraction respectively. The diluted ethanol fraction was seen to contain 8 different amino acids followed by the methanol fraction with 6, then the diluted n-hexane fraction with 3 and the n-hexane fraction with 2. This reveals that for isolation of amino acids, the ethanol fraction may be more suitable considering that the highest number of amino acids were found in it.
Analysis of Bioactive Constituents (HPLC) of Chloroform Leaf Extract from Kalanchoe pinnata in Takum, Taraba State Nigeria Emmanuel Askebnde Joel; Ubur Terzulum Wilson; Isaac John Umaru; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Dafup Katdel Istifanus; Gloria Omonefe Oladele
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3676

Abstract

HPLC techniques were employed to analyze the bioactive components of the chloroform leaf extract of Kalanchoe pinnata leaf from Takum in Taraba State. A botanist from Taraba State University's Department of Biological Sciences in Jalingo identified the plant leaves, which were then gathered, cleaned, and processed. Using cold maceration, extraction was done by weighing 1500g of the powdered leaf into 1 liter of ethanol and distill water, respectively. Until further investigation, the extracts were stored in a refrigerator in a firmly closed container. The injection valve was used for the HPLC analysis, and the conditions were 20 μl, a UV variable wavelength detector (set at 300 nm), reprosol 100 C8mn, 5 μm 4.6 x 150mm column (30°C), and sensitivity of 0.001. Phosphate buffer (v/v) was used as an aqueous solvent (A) and CH3CN as an organic solvent (B) in HPLC. Gradient elution of the analytes occurred at a flow rate of 1 milliliter per minute. Software generated chromatograms. Operating temperature of the HPLC instrument was room temperature (23 ± 2°C). After injecting 20 μl of each diluted extract into the HPLC three times, the average peak areas were produced and utilized for quantification. Based on the HPLC analysis, the chloroform leaf extract of Kalanchoe pinnata contained the following bioactive constituents: quercetin, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid. Additionally, the presence of vitamins B1 and B3 was also noted. The different bioactive constituents eluted at different retention times, and their respective amounts were also detected.
Stembark Methanol Extract of P. americana: Total Antioxidant Capacity, Total Flavonoids Content, Total Phenolics Content and Its Flavonoids, Vitamins and Amino Acids Profile Ojochenemi E. Yakubu; Michael S. Abu; Janya Danjuma; Isaac John Umaru; Gloria Omonefe Oladele
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3677

Abstract

This research investigated the total antioxidant capacity, total flavonoids content, total phenolics content as well the flavonoids, vitamins and amino acids profile of stembark methanol extract of P. americana. Plant materials have been known be rich source of various medicinal active ingredients. These may include alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins as well as nutritional components including sugars, amino acids as well as proteins in addition to other vital components. The stembark of P. americana was harvested in its plant in Baissa, Taraba State, Nigeria. The plant material was air dried and pulverized and soaked in methanol for 72 hours before filtration. The filtrate was further concentrated using rotary evaporator and water bath. The concentrate was analyzed for total antioxidant capacity using DPPH, flavonoids content using aluminium chloride and phenolics content using folin ciocaltue. Flavonoids, vitamins and amin acids profile was determined using HPLC. The result total antioxidant capacity shows that inhibition increased with concentration with the 100µL/100mL had inhibition percentage of 87.88% whereas the lowest concentration of 31.25µL/100mLhad the inhibition percentage of 40.14%. The results for total flavonoid content and total phenolics content show significant levels with 42.21±0.23mg QE/100g and 33.65±3.02mg GAE/100g respectively. The result for flavonoid and phenolics profile reveals that quercetin and caffeic acid phenyl ester were identified with 0.50% and 99.50% respectively. For vitamins, vitamin K was detected with 0.40%, vitamin B1 with 80.20% and vitamin B2 with 19.50% abundance. There seven different amino acids identified, these include asparagine, threonine, phenylalanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and arginine. The outcomes reveal that the plant material could possess important phytochemicals which could be used in disease treatment as well as vital macromolecules that can be used as supplements.
Determination of Aflatoxin Levels in Cereals and Leguminous Grains Selected Cereals and Leguminous Grains Retailed in Wukari, Taraba State Anih David Chinonso; Arowora Kayode; Isaac John Umaru; Imo Chinedu; Ebenezer Morayo Ale; Gloria Omonefe Oladele
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3689

Abstract

Aflatoxins are group of secondary fungal metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The aflatoxin producing moulds can grow on cereals and legumes in the field, poorly dried harvested crops in storage, processed food, and feed products. The study was carried out with the aim to determine the level of aflatoxin contamination of cereals grain and legumes retailed in Wukari, Taraba State Nigeria. A total Sixty-three (63) samples were procured from different vendors from the markets namely, new and old markets in Wukari and Dorowa Market, which comprises of 3 samples each of millet, maize, rice, groundnut, sesame seeds and soy beans. The samples were grounded and extracted with 80% (v/v) methanol. The enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique was used in quantifying the total aflatoxin content of the samples. The results revealed that there were no significant differences in the aflatoxin levels of shelled melon seeds while there was a significant difference in shelled groundnut, soybeans and millet samples purchased from all the markets. Aflatoxin levels in cereals and legumes retailed in Wukari, Taraba State ranged from 0.57-1.17µg/kg in shelled groundnut samples, 0.47-2.27µg/kg in shelled melon samples, 1.53-3.17µg/kg in sesame seed samples, 0.10-0.20µg/kg in soybean samples, 3.11-13.10µg/kg in maize samples, 6.13-15.4µg/kg in millet samples, and 0.471.0µg/kg in parboiled rice samples. the levels of aflatoxin in the samples which was observed to be highest in millet sample procured from Dorowa market with a value of 15.43±0.15% and lowest in soy bean bean sample procured from Dorowa and New market Wukari with a value of 0.10±0.00%. These aflatoxin levels were within the permissible limits for total aflatoxins recommended by FDA and NAFDAC for all products intended for food, hence these cereals and legumes analysed in this study are safe for human consumption.
Effects of Brassica oleraceae Leaves on Serum Liver Function of Wistar Rats Intoxicated with Prednisolone Ananias Amen; Dawoye Yusufu; Gloria Omonefe Oladele; Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3692

Abstract

The recent study investigated the effects of ethanol extract of Brassica oleracaeae leaves on prednisolone induced toxicity in male albino rats. Liver markers were assayed in order to investigate the toxic effect of prednisolone and the ameliorating effects of the extract. Sixteen (16) rats grouped in to four (n=4) were administered prednisolone and ethanol leaves extract based on the experimental design. The male albino rats were sacrificed after the experimental period of fourteen (14) days, blood was collected for assay of the liver function by ocular puncture. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly (p<0.05) increased from 5.67 ± 5.13 and 6.67 ±7.02 to 26.67 ± 8.02 and 25.00 ± 4.00 respectively when rats where administered with prednisolone toxicity. Upon treatment of rats with ethanol leaves extract of B. oleraceae at 100mg/kg, the concentration of AST and ALT were lowered to 7.67 ± 6.81 and 8.00 ± 7.55 respectively. A further increased in the concentration of the extract to 300mg/kg resulted to a significant (p<0.05) increased of AST (9.33 ± 8.12) and ALT (12.00 ± 10.00) levels. Similarly, the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Albumin increases in the group that were administered with prednisolone however, when rats were treated with ethanol leaves extract of Brassica oleracaeae such concentrations were decreased. The findings of this study can be concluded that, the ethanol leaves extract of Brassica oleracaeae showed capacity in ameliorating the effects induced by prednisolone intoxication.
Isolation and Identification of Phenol Degrading Bacteria in Refuse Dumping Site Muhammad Bashir Muhammad; Abubakar Aisami; Maianguwa Abdulrashid Dauda; Abdullahi Sa’adu Adeseye; Isaac John Umaru; Helen Oluwabunmi; Bilyaminu Habibu; Gloria Omonefe Oladele
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3686

Abstract

Phenol is a harmful compound found in soil, and its removal is crucial for human health. Phenol or hydroxybenzene, is both a synthetically and naturally produced aromatic compound. Microorganisms capable of degrading phenol are common and include both aerobes and anaerobes. In this study, researchers collected soil samples from INEX refuse dumping site along Bajoga road of kwami, Gombe state, and determined the abundance of heterotrophic and degradation bacteria using serial dilution and most probable number (MPN) methods. This experimental research study was carried out in order to isolate and identify phenol-degrading bacteria in polluted soil, the effect of concentration and pH was analysed during the procedure. Bacteria was isolated from contaminated soil and sub-cultured in a Mineral-salt media which was prepared with phenol added as the only carbon source needed for the bacterial growth, The bacterial isolate was identified as Escherichia coli a gram-negative bacteria. The favourable concentration and pH required for the growth of the bacteria was determined as 200mg/L and pH 7 respectively. These findings have significance in bioremediation for employing suitable bacteria in suitable condition for solving environmental pollution crises.
Burnout as a Predictor of Quality of Life Among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees in Benue State Sector Command Danladi Zakariah; Vika Tensaba Akafa; Tensaba Andes Akafa; Gloria Omonefe Oladele; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Izam Emmanuel David; Oche Williams Ujah
Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijahrs.v1i1.3983

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between burnout and quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees in Benue State Sector Command. The study employed cross sectional and expost facto design where 200 participants consisting of 161 (80.5%) males, 37 (18.5%) females and 2 (1.0%) did not indicate their sex. Their ages ranged from 21-60 years with means age of 35.55 (SD=7.21). Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL) were used for data collection using Multistage, Stratified random and systematic sampling techniques. Statistical analysis involved the use of multiple regressions. Findings indicated that, there was a significant negative relationship between burnout and quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees in Benue State Sector Command. The result of the finding reviewed that there was a significant negative relationship between burnout and the overall quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps employees in Benue State Command [R=.562, R2=.316, F (3,178)=27.376, p<.001]. This implies that burnout accounted for 31.6% of the total variance observed in quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps employees in Benue State Sector Command. The result of the study also showed the individual contributions of the various dimensions of burnout to overall quality of life which indicated that emotional exhaustion made the highest significant negative contribution (β=-.414, t=-5.180, p<.001) followed by depersonalization (β=-.235, t=-3.081, p<.01) while personal accomplishment made no significant contribution to the model (β=.027, t=.355, p>.05) respectively. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that conscious efforts should be made to enhance quality of life among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees through reduction of burnout stress inherent in the work place among the Federal Road Safety Corps Employees in Benue State Sector Command and Nigeria at large.
From Perception to Effect of Oil Spillage Among Fishermen in the Niger Delta Region of Bayelsa State, Nigeria Tensaba Andes Akafa; Solomon Ossom Asare; Adobeni Emmanuel Dennis; Daniel Konka; Smile Kobina Ametsi; Issifu Tahidu; Gloria Omonefe Oladele
Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Kwaghe International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Religious Studies
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijahrs.v2i2.6064

Abstract

Oil spillage continues to pose a significant environmental threat in Nigeria’s Niger Delta, leading to ecological degradation, disruption of livelihoods, and socio-political instability. This study investigates the perceptions and impacts of oil spillage among fishermen in the Biseni community of Bayelsa State. Utilizing a descriptive cross-sectional design, data were collected from 358 respondents selected through systematic random sampling. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed, and responses were analyzed using SPSS version 16. The results show that 94.4% of respondents identified pipeline corrosion from soil-related factors as a major cause of oil spillage. Other commonly perceived causes included sabotage by surveillance contractors (86.3%), pipeline vandalism (85.2%), and unemployment (84.1%). Water pollution was identified by 98.0% of respondents as the most severe environmental consequence, particularly affecting aquatic life. Health impacts were also substantial, with 96.9% reporting adverse effects, skin rashes being the most frequently cited (32.0%). Economically, 95.5% of respondents reported reduced income due to declining fish yields. Broader socio-economic impacts included perceived links to unemployment (91.9%), increased kidnapping (79.6%), lack of compensation (80.4%), displacement (35.8%), and the need to purchase drinking water (70.4%). The study concludes that repeated oil spillage and unregulated exploitation have caused significant environmental and socio-economic harm in the Biseni community. The lack of effective compensation mechanisms intensifies local grievances and underscores the urgent need for sustainable environmental governance and enhanced corporate accountability in oil-producing areas.
Public Knowledge, Attitude And Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine among Traders in Wuse Market Abuja: A Cross-Sectional Study Tensaba Andes Akafa; Gloria Omonefe Oladele; Kingsley Iyoko Iseko; Vika Tensaba Akafa; Izam Emmanuel David; Oche Williams Ujah; Tongle Nanle John; Chakfa Nanmar; Lawal Danjuma Tyem; Isaac John Umaru
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v1i1.3976

Abstract

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health has been unpleasant. Vaccination is a critical measure to decrease COVID-19 economic loss and public health burden. This is very helpful to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The process of halting COVID-19 solely depends on population uptake of the vaccination process and the adoption of non-pharmacological measures. This in turn relies on the public willingness to get vaccinated. The public acceptability of this vaccination is further determined by the level of knowledge and trust in currently available COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss the findings of public knowledge, attitude, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among traders in Wuse Market Abuja. A cross-sectional study was conducted among different traders in the Abuja Wuse Market to assess their knowledge, attitude and level of acceptability toward COVID-19 vaccinations using a self-administered survey questionnaire with the following four sections; socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge assessment questions, attitude assessment, and acceptability questions. A total of 166 participants completed the questionnaire. The knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccinations among the study participants was high with 143(86%) respondents stating that they knew about COVID-19 vaccinations. Among the traders that participated, 74(44.36%) believed that vaccines are safe and 109 (66.02%) agreed that vaccines are critical to protect the public from COVID-19 infection. But only, 45 (27.4%) accept to receive the vaccine. Participants’ attitudes, knowledge, and level of acceptability were significantly affected by age, gender, education level, and marital status (P <0.001). Our findings suggest that there is good knowledge and attitude toward the vaccination process against COVID-19 among study participants in spite of low acceptability. Awareness campaigns are therefore necessary to disseminate reliable knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines and demystify the COVID-19 conspiracy theory in order to raise the level of vaccination acceptance.