The Role of Interleukin 1β, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Fibroblasts, Keratinocytes, Granulation Tissue and Collagen Density in the Wound Healing Phase (Study of Wound Healing in the Inflammation, Proliferation, and Remodeling Phases)

Antonius Christanto (Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head Neck Surgery Sebelas Maret University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami Street Number 36, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia)
Risya Cilmiaty (Department of Dental and Oral Disease, Sebelas Maret University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami Street Number 36, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia)
Made Setiamika (Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head Neck Surgery Sebelas Maret University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami Street Number 36, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia)
Ratih Dewi Yudhani (Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami Street Number 36, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia)
Paramasari Dirgahayu (Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami Street Number 36, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia)
Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari (Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami Street Number 36, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia)
Ida Nurwati (Department of Acupuncture, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Ir. Sutami Street Number 36, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia)

Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi
Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): July

This scoping review explores the roles of interleukin 1β, fibroblast growth factor, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, granulation tissue, and collagen density in the wound healing process, focusing on inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases. A systematic literature search identified studies investigating molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in wound repair. Findings reveal that fibroblast-derived exosomes carrying miR-93-5p inhibit autophagy, delaying diabetic wound healing. Controlled growth factor delivery enhances angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen deposition, accelerating tissue regeneration. SPRR1B+ keratinocytes facilitate rapid re-epithelialization, while granulation tissue provides essential scaffolding for cell migration and neovascularization. Elevated IL-1β impairs healing by increasing matrix metalloproteinases, degrading collagen. Natural compounds like red fruit oil and Binahong leaf extract promote angiogenesis and collagen synthesis. Genetic variations in inflammatory cytokines influence healing outcomes, indicating potential for personalized therapies. This review consolidates current evidence, providing insights into cellular and molecular interactions critical for effective wound repair and guiding future regenerative medicine strategies.